{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T11:01:46Z","timestamp":1789556506664,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To assess the objective compliance levels in skeletal Class II patients with mandibular retrognathia wearing monoblock and twin-block appliances.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n A prospective clinical study was conducted with 30 patients between 10 and 15 years old who were equally divided into two study groups. Group 1 was treated with monoblock, and group 2 was treated with twin-block appliances. The patients were instructed to wear their appliance for 15 hours per day. Wear times were monitored by a microsensor. (TheraMon; MCTechnology, Hargelsberg, Austria) for an average of six appointments. Patients were also instructed to record their wear times on a chart, and this record was admitted as subjective wear time. Statistical analysis was performed with the data derived from both the patients' charts and the monitoring records.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The mean wear time by the patients was 10.67 \u00b1 3.93 hours, which was less than the 15 hours prescribed by the orthodontist, with no difference between the two appliances (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > .05). The regular use rate, which included the days with a wear time of 8 hours or more per day, was 75%. Compliance levels decreased by 35% throughout the six control appointments. Patients declared that their wear time was more than their objective wear time by an average of 3.76 hours.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Despite their different designs, there was no significant difference between the monoblock and twin-block appliances in terms of compliance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/021421-128.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T10:31:53Z","timestamp":1627468313000},"page":"749-755","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparison of objective wear time between monoblock and twin-block appliances measured by microsensor"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Cans\u0131n","family":"Kutay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00fclya","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcl\u015filay","family":"Sayar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"614","article-title":"Success rate and efficiency of activator treatment","volume":"29","author":"Casutt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Casutt\n C,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H,\n \n \n Gawora\n M,\n \n \n Ruf\n S.\n \n \n Success rate and efficiency of activator treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t29:\n\t\t\t\t\t614\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t621."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"173","article-title":"Understanding factors influencing compliance with removable functional appliances: a qualitative study","volume":"155","author":"El-Huni","year":"2019","unstructured":"El-Huni\n A,\n \n \n Colonio Salazar\n FB,\n \n \n Sharma\n PK,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n Understanding factors influencing compliance with removable functional appliances: a qualitative study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t155:\n\t\t\t\t\t173\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t181."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b03","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"185","article-title":"What can be achieved with removable orthodontic appliances?","volume":"70","author":"Miethke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miethke\n RR,\n \n \n Wronski\n C.\n \n \n What can be achieved with removable orthodontic appliances?\n \n J Orofac Orthop\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t70:\n\t\t\t\t\t185\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t199."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"599.e1","article-title":"Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"129","author":"Cozza","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cozza\n P,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n De Toffol\n L,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t129:\n\t\t\t\t\t599.e1\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t12;\n\t\t\t\t\tdiscussion e1\u20136."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"518","article-title":"Comparison of facial soft tissue changes after treatment with 3 different functional appliances","volume":"158","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00fcler\n \u00d6\u00c7,\n \n \n Malko\u00e7\n S.\n \n \n Comparison of facial soft tissue changes after treatment with 3 different functional appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t158:\n\t\t\t\t\t518\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t526.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.06.020"},{"issue":"(suppl)","key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S64","article-title":"Is early treatment for Class II malocclusion effective? Results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"129","author":"O'Brien","year":"2006","unstructured":"O'Brien\n K.\n \n \n Is early treatment for Class II malocclusion effective? Results from a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t129(suppl):\n\t\t\t\t\tS64\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tS65."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b07","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"3","article-title":"History, background, and development of the Herbst appliance","volume":"9","author":"Pancherz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n History, background, and development of the Herbst appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2003;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t3\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t11."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b08","series-title":"Adv Clin Exp Med","first-page":"1245","article-title":"Objectively measured patient cooperation during early orthodontic treatment: does psychology have an impact?","volume":"26","author":"Sarul","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sarul\n M,\n \n \n Lewandowska\n B,\n \n \n Kawala\n B,\n \n \n Kozanecka\n A,\n \n \n Antoszewska-Smith\n J.\n \n \n Objectively measured patient cooperation during early orthodontic treatment: does psychology have an impact?\n \n Adv Clin Exp Med\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t26:\n\t\t\t\t\t1245\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1251."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b09","series-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Quantification of wear-time adherence of removable appliances in young orthodontic patients in relation to their BMI: a preliminary study","volume":"8","author":"Schott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B.\n \n \n Quantification of wear-time adherence of removable appliances in young orthodontic patients in relation to their BMI: a preliminary study.\n\t\t\t\t\tPatient Prefer Adherence.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t8:\n\t\t\t\t\t1587\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1595."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"56","article-title":"Objective assessment of patient compliance with removable orthodontic appliances: a cross-sectional cohort study","volume":"84","author":"Tsomos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsomos\n G,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Grossen\n J,\n \n \n Pazera\n P,\n \n \n Gkantidis\n N.\n \n \n Objective assessment of patient compliance with removable orthodontic appliances: a cross-sectional cohort study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t84:\n\t\t\t\t\t56\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t61."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"350","article-title":"Increased BMI in children\u2014an indicator for less compliance during orthodontic treatment with removable appliances","volume":"40","author":"von Bremen","year":"2018","unstructured":"von Bremen\n J,\n \n \n Lorenz\n N,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Ruf\n S.\n \n \n Increased BMI in children\u2014an indicator for less compliance during orthodontic treatment with removable appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t40:\n\t\t\t\t\t350\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t355."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"621","article-title":"A comparison of the efficacy of fixed versus removable functional appliances in children with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Pacha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pacha\n MM,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS,\n \n \n Johal\n A.\n \n \n A comparison of the efficacy of fixed versus removable functional appliances in children with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t621\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t630."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b13","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"231","article-title":"Surgical versus orthodontic correction for Class II patients: age and severity in treatment planning and treatment outcome","volume":"5","author":"Tulloch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tulloch\n JF,\n \n \n Lenz\n BE,\n \n \n Phillips\n C.\n \n \n Surgical versus orthodontic correction for Class II patients: age and severity in treatment planning and treatment outcome.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t231\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t240."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"17","article-title":"Compliance with removable orthodontic appliances and adjuncts: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"152","author":"Al-Moghrabi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Moghrabi\n D,\n \n \n Salazar\n FC,\n \n \n Pandis\n N,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n Compliance with removable orthodontic appliances and adjuncts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t152:\n\t\t\t\t\t17\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t32."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b15","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"170","article-title":"A comparison between indirect and objective wear-time assessment of removable orthodontic appliances","volume":"39","author":"Schott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Meyer-Gutknecht\n H,\n \n \n Mayer\n N,\n \n \n Weber\n J,\n \n \n Weimer\n K.\n \n \n A comparison between indirect and objective wear-time assessment of removable orthodontic appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t39:\n\t\t\t\t\t170\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t175."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b16","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"339","article-title":"Applicative characteristics of new microelectronic sensors Smart Retainer\u00ae and TheraMon\u00ae for measuring wear time","volume":"71","author":"Schott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n G\u00f6z\n G.\n \n \n Applicative characteristics of new microelectronic sensors Smart Retainer\u00ae and TheraMon\u00ae for measuring wear time.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t71:\n\t\t\t\t\t339\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t347."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"185","article-title":"Color fading of the blue compliance indicator encapsulated in removable clear Invisalign Teen\u00ae aligners","volume":"81","author":"Schott","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n G\u00f6z\n G.\n \n \n Color fading of the blue compliance indicator encapsulated in removable clear Invisalign Teen\u00ae aligners.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t185\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t191."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"88","article-title":"Objective assessment of compliance with intra- and extraoral removable appliances","volume":"87","author":"Arreghini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arreghini\n A,\n \n \n Trigila\n S,\n \n \n Lombardo\n L,\n \n \n Siciliani\n G.\n \n \n Objective assessment of compliance with intra- and extraoral removable appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t87:\n\t\t\t\t\t88\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Effects of wear time recording on the patient's compliance","volume":"83","author":"Pauls","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pauls\n A,\n \n \n Nienkemper\n M,\n \n \n Panayotidis\n A,\n \n \n Wilmes\n B,\n \n \n Drescher\n D.\n \n \n Effects of wear time recording on the patient's compliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t83:\n\t\t\t\t\t1002\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1008."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b20","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"73","article-title":"Quantifying patient adherence during active orthodontic treatment with removable appliances using microelectronic wear-time documentation","volume":"37","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4fer\n K,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Meyer-Gutknecht\n H,\n \n \n Schott\n TC.\n \n \n Quantifying patient adherence during active orthodontic treatment with removable appliances using microelectronic wear-time documentation.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t37:\n\t\t\t\t\t73\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t80."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"458","article-title":"How patient-selected colors for removable appliances are reflected in electronically tracked compliance (wear times and wear behavior)","volume":"88","author":"Schott","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Menne\n D.\n \n \n How patient-selected colors for removable appliances are reflected in electronically tracked compliance (wear times and wear behavior).\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t88:\n\t\t\t\t\t458\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t464."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"378","article-title":"Correlates of objective patient compliance with removable appliance wear","volume":"104","author":"Bartsch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bartsch\n A,\n \n \n Witt\n E,\n \n \n Sahm\n G,\n \n \n Schneider\n S.\n \n \n Correlates of objective patient compliance with removable appliance wear.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t104:\n\t\t\t\t\t378\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t386."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"460","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of monoblock and twin-block appliances on the skeletal and dentoalveolar structures","volume":"116","author":"T\u00fcmer","year":"1999","unstructured":"T\u00fcmer\n N,\n \n \n G\u00fcltan\n AS.\n \n \n Comparison of the effects of monoblock and twin-block appliances on the skeletal and dentoalveolar structures.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t116:\n\t\t\t\t\t460\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t468."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"1","article-title":"The twin block technique. A functional orthopedic appliance system","volume":"93","author":"Clark","year":"1988","unstructured":"Clark\n WJ.\n \n \n The twin block technique. A functional orthopedic appliance system.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1988;\n\t\t\t\t\t93:\n\t\t\t\t\t1\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t18."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b25","series-title":"J Evid Base Dent Pract","first-page":"286","article-title":"The twin-block appliance, used during the mixed dentition in Class II Division I malocclusions, may provide psychosocial benefits","volume":"4","author":"Huang,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huang,\n G.\n \n \n The twin-block appliance, used during the mixed dentition in Class II Division I malocclusions, may provide psychosocial benefits.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Evid Base Dent Pract.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t4:\n\t\t\t\t\t286\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t287."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b26","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"180","article-title":"Treatment compliance of adolescent orthodontic patients with headgear activator and twin-block appliance assessed prospectively using microelectronic wear-time documentation","volume":"42","author":"Arponen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arponen\n H,\n \n \n Hirvensalo\n R,\n \n \n Lindgren\n V,\n \n \n Kiukkonen\n A.\n \n \n Treatment compliance of adolescent orthodontic patients with headgear activator and twin-block appliance assessed prospectively using microelectronic wear-time documentation.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t42:\n\t\t\t\t\t180\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t186.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa001"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b27","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"387","article-title":"The role of the headgear calendar in headgear compliance","volume":"104","author":"Cureton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cureton\n SL,\n \n \n Regennitter\n FJ,\n \n \n Yancey\n JM.\n \n \n The role of the headgear calendar in headgear compliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t104:\n\t\t\t\t\t387\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b28","series-title":"Orthodontics (Chic)","first-page":"22","article-title":"Posttreatment compliance with removable maxillary retention in a teenage population: a short-term randomized clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Ackerman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ackerman\n MB,\n \n \n Thornton\n B.\n \n \n Posttreatment compliance with removable maxillary retention in a teenage population: a short-term randomized clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthodontics (Chic).\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t12:\n\t\t\t\t\t22\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t27."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b29","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"165","article-title":"Effectiveness of part-time vs full-time wear protocols of twin-block appliance on dental and skeletal changes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"155","author":"Parekh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parekh\n J,\n \n \n Counihan\n K,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS,\n \n \n Pandis\n N,\n \n \n Sharma\n PK.\n \n \n Effectiveness of part-time vs full-time wear protocols of twin-block appliance on dental and skeletal changes: a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t155:\n\t\t\t\t\t165\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t172.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.07.016"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b30","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"175","article-title":"Equilibrium theory revisited: factors influencing position of the teeth","volume":"48","author":"Proffit","year":"1978","unstructured":"Proffit\n WR.\n \n \n Equilibrium theory revisited: factors influencing position of the teeth.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1978;\n\t\t\t\t\t48:\n\t\t\t\t\t175\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t186."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b31","series-title":"J Stoma","first-page":"321","article-title":"Application of microsensors to measure real wear time of removable orthodontic appliances","volume":"66","author":"Kawala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kawala\n B,\n \n \n Antoszewska\n J,\n \n \n Sarul\n M,\n \n \n Kozanecka\n A.\n \n \n Application of microsensors to measure real wear time of removable orthodontic appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Stoma.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t66:\n\t\t\t\t\t321\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t330"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b32","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"155","article-title":"Microelectronic wear-time documentation of removable orthodontic devices detects heterogeneous wear behavior and individualizes treatment planning","volume":"146","author":"Schott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B.\n \n \n Microelectronic wear-time documentation of removable orthodontic devices detects heterogeneous wear behavior and individualizes treatment planning.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t146:\n\t\t\t\t\t155\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t160.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.04.020"},{"issue":"(suppl 1)","key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b33","series-title":"Aust Dent J","first-page":"4","article-title":"Early Class II treatment","volume":"62","author":"Brierley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brierley\n CA,\n \n \n DiBiase\n A,\n \n \n Sandler\n PJ.\n \n \n Early Class II treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tAust Dent J.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t62(suppl 1):\n\t\t\t\t\t4\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t10."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"614","article-title":"Success rate and efficiency of activator treatment","volume":"29","author":"Casutt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Casutt\n C,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H,\n \n \n Gawora\n M,\n \n \n Ruf\n S.\n \n \n Success rate and efficiency of activator treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t29:\n\t\t\t\t\t614\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t621."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"173","article-title":"Understanding factors influencing compliance with removable functional appliances: a qualitative study","volume":"155","author":"El-Huni","year":"2019","unstructured":"El-Huni\n A,\n \n \n Colonio Salazar\n FB,\n \n \n Sharma\n PK,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n Understanding factors influencing compliance with removable functional appliances: a qualitative study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t155:\n\t\t\t\t\t173\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t181."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b03","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"185","article-title":"What can be achieved with removable orthodontic appliances?","volume":"70","author":"Miethke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miethke\n RR,\n \n \n Wronski\n C.\n \n \n What can be achieved with removable orthodontic appliances?\n \n J Orofac Orthop\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t70:\n\t\t\t\t\t185\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t199."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"599.e1","article-title":"Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"129","author":"Cozza","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cozza\n P,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n De Toffol\n L,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n Mandibular changes produced by functional appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t129:\n\t\t\t\t\t599.e1\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t12;\n\t\t\t\t\tdiscussion e1\u20136."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"518","article-title":"Comparison of facial soft tissue changes after treatment with 3 different functional appliances","volume":"158","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2020","unstructured":"G\u00fcler\n \u00d6\u00c7,\n \n \n Malko\u00e7\n S.\n \n \n Comparison of facial soft tissue changes after treatment with 3 different functional appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t158:\n\t\t\t\t\t518\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t526.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.06.020"},{"issue":"(suppl)","key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S64","article-title":"Is early treatment for Class II malocclusion effective? Results from a randomized controlled trial","volume":"129","author":"O'Brien","year":"2006","unstructured":"O'Brien\n K.\n \n \n Is early treatment for Class II malocclusion effective? Results from a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t129(suppl):\n\t\t\t\t\tS64\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tS65."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b07","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"3","article-title":"History, background, and development of the Herbst appliance","volume":"9","author":"Pancherz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n History, background, and development of the Herbst appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2003;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t3\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t11."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b08","series-title":"Adv Clin Exp Med","first-page":"1245","article-title":"Objectively measured patient cooperation during early orthodontic treatment: does psychology have an impact?","volume":"26","author":"Sarul","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sarul\n M,\n \n \n Lewandowska\n B,\n \n \n Kawala\n B,\n \n \n Kozanecka\n A,\n \n \n Antoszewska-Smith\n J.\n \n \n Objectively measured patient cooperation during early orthodontic treatment: does psychology have an impact?\n \n Adv Clin Exp Med\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t26:\n\t\t\t\t\t1245\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1251."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b09","series-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence","first-page":"1587","article-title":"Quantification of wear-time adherence of removable appliances in young orthodontic patients in relation to their BMI: a preliminary study","volume":"8","author":"Schott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B.\n \n \n Quantification of wear-time adherence of removable appliances in young orthodontic patients in relation to their BMI: a preliminary study.\n\t\t\t\t\tPatient Prefer Adherence.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t8:\n\t\t\t\t\t1587\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1595."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"56","article-title":"Objective assessment of patient compliance with removable orthodontic appliances: a cross-sectional cohort study","volume":"84","author":"Tsomos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsomos\n G,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Grossen\n J,\n \n \n Pazera\n P,\n \n \n Gkantidis\n N.\n \n \n Objective assessment of patient compliance with removable orthodontic appliances: a cross-sectional cohort study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t84:\n\t\t\t\t\t56\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t61."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"350","article-title":"Increased BMI in children\u2014an indicator for less compliance during orthodontic treatment with removable appliances","volume":"40","author":"von Bremen","year":"2018","unstructured":"von Bremen\n J,\n \n \n Lorenz\n N,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Ruf\n S.\n \n \n Increased BMI in children\u2014an indicator for less compliance during orthodontic treatment with removable appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t40:\n\t\t\t\t\t350\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t355."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"621","article-title":"A comparison of the efficacy of fixed versus removable functional appliances in children with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Pacha","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pacha\n MM,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS,\n \n \n Johal\n A.\n \n \n A comparison of the efficacy of fixed versus removable functional appliances in children with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t621\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t630."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b13","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"231","article-title":"Surgical versus orthodontic correction for Class II patients: age and severity in treatment planning and treatment outcome","volume":"5","author":"Tulloch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tulloch\n JF,\n \n \n Lenz\n BE,\n \n \n Phillips\n C.\n \n \n Surgical versus orthodontic correction for Class II patients: age and severity in treatment planning and treatment outcome.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t231\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t240."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"17","article-title":"Compliance with removable orthodontic appliances and adjuncts: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"152","author":"Al-Moghrabi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Al-Moghrabi\n D,\n \n \n Salazar\n FC,\n \n \n Pandis\n N,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n Compliance with removable orthodontic appliances and adjuncts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t152:\n\t\t\t\t\t17\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t32."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b15","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"170","article-title":"A comparison between indirect and objective wear-time assessment of removable orthodontic appliances","volume":"39","author":"Schott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Meyer-Gutknecht\n H,\n \n \n Mayer\n N,\n \n \n Weber\n J,\n \n \n Weimer\n K.\n \n \n A comparison between indirect and objective wear-time assessment of removable orthodontic appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t39:\n\t\t\t\t\t170\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t175."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b16","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"339","article-title":"Applicative characteristics of new microelectronic sensors Smart Retainer\u00ae and TheraMon\u00ae for measuring wear time","volume":"71","author":"Schott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n G\u00f6z\n G.\n \n \n Applicative characteristics of new microelectronic sensors Smart Retainer\u00ae and TheraMon\u00ae for measuring wear time.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t71:\n\t\t\t\t\t339\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t347."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"185","article-title":"Color fading of the blue compliance indicator encapsulated in removable clear Invisalign Teen\u00ae aligners","volume":"81","author":"Schott","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n G\u00f6z\n G.\n \n \n Color fading of the blue compliance indicator encapsulated in removable clear Invisalign Teen\u00ae aligners.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t185\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t191."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"88","article-title":"Objective assessment of compliance with intra- and extraoral removable appliances","volume":"87","author":"Arreghini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arreghini\n A,\n \n \n Trigila\n S,\n \n \n Lombardo\n L,\n \n \n Siciliani\n G.\n \n \n Objective assessment of compliance with intra- and extraoral removable appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t87:\n\t\t\t\t\t88\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Effects of wear time recording on the patient's compliance","volume":"83","author":"Pauls","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pauls\n A,\n \n \n Nienkemper\n M,\n \n \n Panayotidis\n A,\n \n \n Wilmes\n B,\n \n \n Drescher\n D.\n \n \n Effects of wear time recording on the patient's compliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t83:\n\t\t\t\t\t1002\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1008."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b20","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"73","article-title":"Quantifying patient adherence during active orthodontic treatment with removable appliances using microelectronic wear-time documentation","volume":"37","author":"Sch\u00e4fer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4fer\n K,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Meyer-Gutknecht\n H,\n \n \n Schott\n TC.\n \n \n Quantifying patient adherence during active orthodontic treatment with removable appliances using microelectronic wear-time documentation.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t37:\n\t\t\t\t\t73\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t80."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"458","article-title":"How patient-selected colors for removable appliances are reflected in electronically tracked compliance (wear times and wear behavior)","volume":"88","author":"Schott","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Menne\n D.\n \n \n How patient-selected colors for removable appliances are reflected in electronically tracked compliance (wear times and wear behavior).\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t88:\n\t\t\t\t\t458\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t464."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"378","article-title":"Correlates of objective patient compliance with removable appliance wear","volume":"104","author":"Bartsch","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bartsch\n A,\n \n \n Witt\n E,\n \n \n Sahm\n G,\n \n \n Schneider\n S.\n \n \n Correlates of objective patient compliance with removable appliance wear.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t104:\n\t\t\t\t\t378\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t386."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"460","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of monoblock and twin-block appliances on the skeletal and dentoalveolar structures","volume":"116","author":"T\u00fcmer","year":"1999","unstructured":"T\u00fcmer\n N,\n \n \n G\u00fcltan\n AS.\n \n \n Comparison of the effects of monoblock and twin-block appliances on the skeletal and dentoalveolar structures.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t116:\n\t\t\t\t\t460\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t468."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"1","article-title":"The twin block technique. A functional orthopedic appliance system","volume":"93","author":"Clark","year":"1988","unstructured":"Clark\n WJ.\n \n \n The twin block technique. A functional orthopedic appliance system.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1988;\n\t\t\t\t\t93:\n\t\t\t\t\t1\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t18."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b25","series-title":"J Evid Base Dent Pract","first-page":"286","article-title":"The twin-block appliance, used during the mixed dentition in Class II Division I malocclusions, may provide psychosocial benefits","volume":"4","author":"Huang,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huang,\n G.\n \n \n The twin-block appliance, used during the mixed dentition in Class II Division I malocclusions, may provide psychosocial benefits.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Evid Base Dent Pract.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t4:\n\t\t\t\t\t286\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t287."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b26","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"180","article-title":"Treatment compliance of adolescent orthodontic patients with headgear activator and twin-block appliance assessed prospectively using microelectronic wear-time documentation","volume":"42","author":"Arponen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arponen\n H,\n \n \n Hirvensalo\n R,\n \n \n Lindgren\n V,\n \n \n Kiukkonen\n A.\n \n \n Treatment compliance of adolescent orthodontic patients with headgear activator and twin-block appliance assessed prospectively using microelectronic wear-time documentation.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t42:\n\t\t\t\t\t180\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t186.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa001"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b27","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"387","article-title":"The role of the headgear calendar in headgear compliance","volume":"104","author":"Cureton","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cureton\n SL,\n \n \n Regennitter\n FJ,\n \n \n Yancey\n JM.\n \n \n The role of the headgear calendar in headgear compliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t104:\n\t\t\t\t\t387\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b28","series-title":"Orthodontics (Chic)","first-page":"22","article-title":"Posttreatment compliance with removable maxillary retention in a teenage population: a short-term randomized clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Ackerman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ackerman\n MB,\n \n \n Thornton\n B.\n \n \n Posttreatment compliance with removable maxillary retention in a teenage population: a short-term randomized clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthodontics (Chic).\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t12:\n\t\t\t\t\t22\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t27."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b29","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"165","article-title":"Effectiveness of part-time vs full-time wear protocols of twin-block appliance on dental and skeletal changes: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"155","author":"Parekh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Parekh\n J,\n \n \n Counihan\n K,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS,\n \n \n Pandis\n N,\n \n \n Sharma\n PK.\n \n \n Effectiveness of part-time vs full-time wear protocols of twin-block appliance on dental and skeletal changes: a randomized controlled trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t155:\n\t\t\t\t\t165\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t172.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.07.016"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b30","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"175","article-title":"Equilibrium theory revisited: factors influencing position of the teeth","volume":"48","author":"Proffit","year":"1978","unstructured":"Proffit\n WR.\n \n \n Equilibrium theory revisited: factors influencing position of the teeth.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1978;\n\t\t\t\t\t48:\n\t\t\t\t\t175\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t186."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b31","series-title":"J Stoma","first-page":"321","article-title":"Application of microsensors to measure real wear time of removable orthodontic appliances","volume":"66","author":"Kawala","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kawala\n B,\n \n \n Antoszewska\n J,\n \n \n Sarul\n M,\n \n \n Kozanecka\n A.\n \n \n Application of microsensors to measure real wear time of removable orthodontic appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Stoma.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t66:\n\t\t\t\t\t321\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t330"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b32","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"155","article-title":"Microelectronic wear-time documentation of removable orthodontic devices detects heterogeneous wear behavior and individualizes treatment planning","volume":"146","author":"Schott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schott\n TC,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B.\n \n \n Microelectronic wear-time documentation of removable orthodontic devices detects heterogeneous wear behavior and individualizes treatment planning.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t146:\n\t\t\t\t\t155\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t160.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.04.020"},{"issue":"(suppl 1)","key":"i0003-3219-91-6-749-b33","series-title":"Aust Dent J","first-page":"4","article-title":"Early Class II treatment","volume":"62","author":"Brierley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brierley\n CA,\n \n \n DiBiase\n A,\n \n \n Sandler\n PJ.\n \n \n Early Class II treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tAust Dent J.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t62(suppl 1):\n\t\t\t\t\t4\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t10."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/91\/6\/article-p749.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/91\/6\/749\/2936637\/i0003-3219-91-6-749.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/91\/6\/article-p749.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/91\/6\/article-p749.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:15:48Z","timestamp":1780060548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/91\/6\/article-p749.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/021421-128.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}}}