{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T08:44:45Z","timestamp":1780476285147,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To assess the immediate response of lips in three dimensions (3D) resulting from simulated maxillary incisor advancement.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n Incremental maxillary incisor advancement was simulated by placing wax of increasing thickness (+2 mm, +4 mm, +6 mm) on the incisors of 20 participants, and the induced lip changes were recorded using 3D stereophotogrammetry. The induced displacement of lip landmarks was quantified using 3D image analysis software. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) after adjusting for age and sex of the study participants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A large interindividual variation in lip response to simulated incisor advancement was observed. A significant overall effect on 3D lip changes was found for increasing values of simulated incisor advancement (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n = 13.2;\n P <<\/jats:italic>\n .001) as well as significant differences between anatomical landmarks of the lip (\n F<\/jats:italic>\n = 7.4;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .01). Most points moved outward and anterosuperiorly, except the midpoint and corners of the lip. Greatest movement was observed in the sagittal plane, followed by the vertical and transverse planes.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Maxillary incisor advancement significantly affects upper lip change in three planes of space: particularly the anteroposterior plane, in which the response to simulated advancement appears to be nonlinear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/022219-134.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T12:15:20Z","timestamp":1565352920000},"page":"118-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Three-dimensional Analysis of Lip Changes in Response To Simulated Maxillary Incisor Advancement"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Joanne","family":"Au","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Bennani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Farella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"(3)","key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"380","article-title":"Interactions of hard tissues, soft tissues, and growth over time, and their impact on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment 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retraction of anterior teeth on horizontal and vertical lip positions in Japanese adults with the bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion","volume":"65","author":"Yasutomi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yasutomi\n H,\n \n \n Ioi\n H,\n \n \n Nakata\n S,\n \n \n Nakasima\n A.\n \n \n Effects of retraction of anterior teeth on horizontal and vertical lip positions in Japanese adults with the bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Waves.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t65(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t141\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t147."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"380","article-title":"Interactions of hard tissues, soft tissues, and growth over time, and their impact on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning","volume":"148","author":"Sarver","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sarver\n D.\n \n \n Interactions of hard tissues, soft tissues, and growth over time, and their impact on orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t148(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t380\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t386."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b02","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"666","article-title":"Recognition of profile change after simulated orthognathic surgery","volume":"45","author":"Burcal","year":"1987","unstructured":"Burcal\n RG,\n \n \n Laskin\n DM,\n \n \n Sperry\n TP.\n \n \n Recognition of profile change after simulated orthognathic surgery.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Oral Maxillofac Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t1987;\n\t\t\t\t\t45:\n\t\t\t\t\t666\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t670."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"863","article-title":"Esthetic evaluation of lip position in silhouette with respect to profile divergence","volume":"149","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zarif Najafi H, Sabouri S, Ebrahimi E, Torkan S.\n\t\t\t\t\tEsthetic evaluation of lip position in silhouette with respect to profile divergence.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t149(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t863\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t870."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"631","article-title":"Soft-tissue changes in Class II malocclusion patients treated with extractions: a systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Janson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Janson\n G,\n \n \n Mendes\n L,\n \n \n Junqueira\n C,\n \n \n Garib\n D.\n \n \n Soft-tissue changes in Class II malocclusion patients treated with extractions: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t38(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t631\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t637."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"349","article-title":"Effect of different incisor movements on the soft tissue profile measured in reference to a rough-surfaced palatal implant","volume":"149","author":"Kuhn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuhn\n M,\n \n \n Markic\n G,\n \n \n Doulis\n I,\n \n \n G\u00f6llner\n P,\n \n \n Patcas\n R,\n \n \n H\u00e4nggi\n M.\n \n \n Effect of different incisor movements on the soft tissue profile measured in reference to a rough-surfaced palatal implant.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t149(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t349\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t357."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i0003-3219-90-1-118-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"413","article-title":"Prediction of lip response to four first premolar extractions in white female adolescents and adults","volume":"79","author":"Hodges","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hodges\n A,\n \n \n Rossouw\n P,\n \n \n Campbell\n P,\n \n \n Boley\n J,\n \n \n Alexander\n R,\n \n \n Buschang\n P.\n \n \n Prediction of lip response to four first premolar extractions in white female adolescents and adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle 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retraction of anterior teeth on horizontal and vertical lip positions in Japanese adults with the bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion","volume":"65","author":"Yasutomi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yasutomi\n H,\n \n \n Ioi\n H,\n \n \n Nakata\n S,\n \n \n Nakasima\n A.\n \n \n Effects of retraction of anterior teeth on horizontal and vertical lip positions in Japanese adults with the bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Waves.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t65(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t141\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t147."}],"container-title":["The Angle 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