{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:42:31Z","timestamp":1791218551303,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To describe the mandibular rotation and remodeling of younger children.<\/jats:p>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold> The sample included 43 males and 43 females who participated in the Bolton-Brush Growth Study at Case Western Reserve University in Ohio. They were chosen on the basis of having Class I (n = 45) or Class II (n = 41) molar relationships and longitudinal lateral cephalograms at three developmental stages of the dentition: late primary (T1: 5.7 \u00b1 0.5 y), early mixed (T2: 8.4 \u00b1 0.6 y), and full permanent dentition (T3: 15.4 \u00b1 0.5 y). Each subject's cephalograms were traced and four landmarks were digitized. Cranial base and mandibular superimpositions were performed with the use of natural reference structures.<\/jats:p>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Yearly rates of true rotation, apparent rotation, and angular remodeling showed significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05) changes throughout. True rotation was moderately correlated with angular remodeling and apparent rotation. Although no significant sex differences in annual rates of rotation were noted, subjects with Class I molar relationships showed significantly more angular remodeling from T2-T3 than did subjects with Class II molar relationships. Rates of true forward rotation were significantly greater with T1-T2 than with T2-T3 (1.3 and 0.7 degrees\/y, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n        <jats:p>\n          <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Although significant amounts of true mandibular rotation and angular remodeling occur during childhood and adolescence, true rotation is greatest during the transition from late primary to early mixed dentition. (<jats:italic>Angle Orthod.<\/jats:italic> 2009:79; )<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/022808-118.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,24]],"date-time":"2008-09-24T19:34:38Z","timestamp":1222284878000},"page":"271-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Mandibular Rotation and Remodeling Changes during Early Childhood"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Malanie K.","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"a\u2009Private Practice, Rancho Santa Margarita, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.","family":"Buschang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"b\u2009Professor and Director of Orthodontic Research, Department of Orthodontics, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Behrents","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"c\u2009Professor and Department Chair, Center for Advanced Dental Education, St Louis University, St Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b1","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Mandibular rotations: concepts and terminology.","volume":"10","author":"Solow, B.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Solow, B. and W. J.Houston. Mandibular rotations: concepts and terminology.Eur J Orthod1988. 10:177\u2013179."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b2","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"9","article-title":"Facial growth in man, studied with the aid of metallic implants.","volume":"13","author":"Bj\u00f6rk, A.","year":"1955","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rk, A.\n          \n          Facial growth in man, studied with the aid of metallic implants.\n          Acta Odontol Scand\n          1955. 13:9\u201334."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b3","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"400","article-title":"Variations in the growth pattern of the human mandible: longitudinal radiographic study by the implant method.","volume":"42","author":"Bj\u00f6rk, A.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rk, A.\n          \n          Variations in the growth pattern of the human mandible: longitudinal radiographic study by the implant method.\n          J Dent Res\n          1963. 42:400\u2013411."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b4","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"Normal and abnormal growth of the mandible: a synthesis of longitudinal cephalometric implant studies over a period of 25 years.","volume":"5","author":"Bj\u00f6rk, A.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rk, A. and V.Skieller. 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T.\n          \n          Craniofacial growth differences between low and high MP-SN angle males: a longitudinal study.\n          Angle Orthod\n          1995. 65:341\u2013350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"448","article-title":"Mandibular rotation studies with the aid of metal implants.","volume":"58","author":"\u00d8degaard, J.","year":"1970","unstructured":"\u00d8degaard, J.\n          \n          Mandibular rotation studies with the aid of metal implants.\n          Am J Orthod\n          1970. 58:448\u2013454."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b14","series-title":"Scand J Dent Res","first-page":"185","article-title":"Operational definitions of mandibular morphogenetic and positional rotations.","volume":"85","author":"Lavergne, J.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Lavergne, J. and N.Gasson. Operational definitions of mandibular morphogenetic and positional rotations.Scand J Dent Res1977. 85:185\u2013192."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"146","article-title":"Dentofacial maturation of untreated normals.","volume":"88","author":"Sinclair, P. M.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sinclair, P. M. and R. M.Little. Dentofacial maturation of untreated normals.Am J Orthod1985. 88:146\u2013156."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Incremental growth charts for condylar growth between 6 and 16 years of age.","volume":"21","author":"Buschang, P. H.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Buschang, P. H., A.Santos-Pinto, and A.Demirjian. Incremental growth charts for condylar growth between 6 and 16 years of age.Eur J Orthod1999. 21:167\u2013173."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b17","article-title":"The determinants of antero-posterior movement of mandibular structures.","author":"Thompson, M. A.","unstructured":"Thompson, M. A., R. G.Buschang, R. F.Ceen, J. D.English, and R. P.Harper. The determinants of antero-posterior movement of mandibular structures.;obunpublished master's thesis;cb. Dallas, Tex: Baylor College of Dentistry Department of Orthodontics; 1997."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"317","article-title":"Early treatment of vertical skeletal dysplasia: the hyperdivergent phenotype.","volume":"118","author":"Sankey, W. L.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sankey, W. L., P. H.Buschang, J.English, and A. H.OwenIII.. 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Postsurgical growth changes in the mandible of adolescents with vertical maxillary excess growth pattern.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2001. 119:106\u2013116."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"247","article-title":"Growth patterns in subjects with long and short faces.","volume":"98","author":"Nanda, S. K.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nanda, S. K.\n          \n          Growth patterns in subjects with long and short faces.\n          Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop\n          1990. 98:247\u2013258."},{"key":"i0003-3219-079-02-0271-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"25","article-title":"A study of the postnatal growth of the human mandible.","volume":"50","author":"Enlow, D. H.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Enlow, D. H. and D. B.Harris. 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A craniofacial growth maturity gradient for males and females between 4 and 16 years of age.Am J Phys Anthropol1983. 61:373\u2013381."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/79\/2\/article-p271.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/79\/2\/271\/1388324\/022808-118_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/79\/2\/article-p271.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/79\/2\/article-p271.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:48:01Z","timestamp":1747356481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/79\/2\/article-p271.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/022808-118.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}}}