{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:10:31Z","timestamp":1788930631456,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To measure the root lengths of maxillary central incisors (U1) and evaluate the relationship among U1 root length, tooth movement, and type of treatment appliance in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate over a long-term follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Occlusal radiographs of 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, acquired less than 6 months before secondary alveolar bone grafting (SBG, T1) and after edgewise treatment (T2), were measured for U1 root length (R1 and R2, root lengths at T1 and T2, respectively). Frontal and lateral cephalometric radiographs acquired at eruption of U1 (T0), T1, and T2 were evaluated to determine the inclination and position of U1.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The average values of R1 and R2 on the cleft side were significantly lower than those on the noncleft side. Frontal cephalometric analysis revealed that the horizontal distance of the root apex from the median vertical line at T0 on the cleft side was significantly smaller than that on the noncleft side and was correlated with short U1 root length on the cleft side. On the other hand, R1 in patients treated with maxillary protraction appliances between T0 and T1 was significantly shorter than that in patients without maxillary protraction appliances. However, none of the changes in cephalometric measurements were correlated with root length.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n In patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, the short root length of cleft-adjacent central incisors might be associated with the horizontal position of the root apex. In addition, orthodontic treatment with a maxillary protraction appliance before secondary alveolar bone grafting might be associated with short U1 root length.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/031317-188.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,14]],"date-time":"2017-09-14T09:34:56Z","timestamp":1505381696000},"page":"855-862","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation of maxillary central incisors on the noncleft and cleft sides in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate\u2014Part 1: Relationship between root length and orthodontic tooth movement"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Aya","family":"Maeda-Iino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanako","family":"Marutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minami","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoko","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangho","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiro","family":"Kibe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Advanced Therapeutics Course, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Tezuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Advanced Therapeutics Course, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norifumi","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Department Chair, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Advanced Therapeutics Course, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouichi","family":"Miyawaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Department Chair, Field of Developmental Medicine, Health Research Course, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Crown-root ratio of permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"80","author":"Al-Jamal \n GA.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Al-Jamal \n GA.\n \n \n Hazza'a \n AM.\n \n \n Rawashdeh \n MA.\n \n \n Crown-root ratio of permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate patients. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:1122\u20131128."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"543","article-title":"Development of permanent tooth length in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"99","author":"Brouwers \n HJ.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brouwers \n HJ.\n \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman \n AM.\n \n \n Development of permanent tooth length in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;99:543\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b03","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"90","article-title":"Dental development in children with cleft lip and palate: a comparison between unilateral and bilateral clefts","volume":"10","author":"Hazza'a \n AM.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hazza'a \n AM.\n \n \n Rawashdeh \n MA.\n \n \n Al-Jamal \n G.\n \n \n Al-Nimri \n KS.\n \n \n Dental development in children with cleft lip and palate: a comparison between unilateral and bilateral clefts. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2009;10:90\u201394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b04","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"193","article-title":"Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"39","author":"Ribeiro \n LL.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ribeiro \n LL.\n \n \n das Neves \n LT.\n \n \n Costa \n B.\n \n \n Gomide \n MR.\n \n \n Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2002;39:193\u2013196."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b05","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"320","article-title":"Maxillary dental development in complete unilateral alveolar clefts","volume":"35","author":"Solis \n A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Solis \n A.\n \n \n Figueroa \n AA.\n \n \n Cohen \n M.\n \n \n Polley \n JW.\n \n \n Evans \n CA.\n \n \n Maxillary dental development in complete unilateral alveolar clefts. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1998;35:320\u2013328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"11","article-title":"A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate","volume":"90","author":"Ranta \n R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ranta \n R.\n \n \n A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:11\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b07","series-title":"Hum Biol","first-page":"211","article-title":"A new system of dental age assessment","volume":"45","author":"Demirjian \n A.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Demirjian \n A.\n \n \n Goldstein \n H.\n \n \n Tanner \n JM.\n \n \n A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973;45:211\u2013227."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b08","series-title":"J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"The development of the permanent teeth","volume":"27","author":"Nolla \n C.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Nolla \n C.\n \n \n The development of the permanent teeth. J Dent Child. 1960;27:254\u2013266."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"339","article-title":"Association analysis of clinical aspects and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with external apical root resorption in orthodontic patients","volume":"142","author":"Fontana \n ML.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fontana \n ML.\n \n \n de Souza \n CM.\n \n \n Bernardino \n JF.\n \n et al. \n Association analysis of clinical aspects and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with external apical root resorption in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:339\u2013347."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b10","series-title":"Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students","first-page":"122","author":"Dahlberg \n G.","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg \n G.\n \n \n Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students. London: Allen and Unwin;1940; 122\u2013132."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"466","article-title":"Cone beam computed tomography for assessment of root length and marginal bone level during orthodontic treatment","volume":"80","author":"Lund \n H.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lund \n H.\n \n \n Gr\u00f6ndahl \n K.\n \n \n Gr\u00f6ndahl \n HG.\n \n \n Cone beam computed tomography for assessment of root length and marginal bone level during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:466\u2013473."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"650","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of severely resorbed maxillary incisors after resolution of an etiologically associated impacted canine","volume":"127","author":"Becker \n A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Becker \n A.\n \n \n Chaushu \n S.\n \n \n Long-term follow-up of severely resorbed maxillary incisors after resolution of an etiologically associated impacted canine. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;127:650\u2013654."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"85","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of maxillary incisors with severe apical root resorption","volume":"22","author":"Levander \n E.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Levander \n E.\n \n \n Malmgren \n O.\n \n \n Long-term follow-up of maxillary incisors with severe apical root resorption. Eur J Orthod. 2000;22:85\u201392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b14","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"374","article-title":"Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls","volume":"38","author":"Eerens \n K.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eerens \n K.\n \n \n Vlietinck \n R.\n \n \n Heidb\u00fcchel \n K.\n \n et al. \n Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2001;38:374\u2013378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b15","series-title":"Acta Chir Plast","first-page":"154","article-title":"Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"35","author":"Peterka \n M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Peterka \n M.\n \n \n Tvrdek \n M.\n \n \n M\u00fcllerov\u00e1 \n Z.\n \n \n Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate. Acta Chir Plast. 1993;35:154\u2013158."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"159","article-title":"Continuous vs. discontinuous force application and root resorption","volume":"69","author":"Acar \n A.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Acar \n A.\n \n \n Cany\u00fcrek \n U.\n \n \n Kocaaga \n M.\n \n \n Erverdi \n N.\n \n \n Continuous vs. discontinuous force application and root resorption. Angle Orthod. 1999;69:159\u2013163."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"8.e1","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 11. Continuous vs intermittent controlled orthodontic forces on root resorption. A microcomputed-tomography study","volume":"136","author":"Ballard \n DJ.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ballard \n DJ.\n \n \n Jones \n AS.\n \n \n Petocz \n P.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Physical properties of root cementum: part 11. Continuous vs intermittent controlled orthodontic forces on root resorption. A microcomputed-tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:8.e1\u2013e8."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"654","article-title":"Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear","volume":"133","author":"Deguchi \n T.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Deguchi \n T.\n \n \n Murakami \n T.\n \n \n Kuroda \n S.\n \n \n Yabuuchi \n T.\n \n \n Kamioka \n H.\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto \n T.\n \n \n Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:654\u2013660."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b19","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"228","article-title":"Comparisons of orthodontic root resorption under heavy and jiggling reciprocating forces during experimental tooth movement in a rat model","volume":"46","author":"Hikida \n T.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hikida \n T.\n \n \n Yamaguchi \n M.\n \n \n Shimizu \n M.\n \n \n Kikuta \n J.\n \n \n Yoshino \n T.\n \n \n Kasai \n K.\n \n \n Comparisons of orthodontic root resorption under heavy and jiggling reciprocating forces during experimental tooth movement in a rat model. Korean J Orthod. 2016:46:228\u2013241."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Crown-root ratio of permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"80","author":"Al-Jamal \n GA.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Al-Jamal \n GA.\n \n \n Hazza'a \n AM.\n \n \n Rawashdeh \n MA.\n \n \n Crown-root ratio of permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate patients. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:1122\u20131128."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"543","article-title":"Development of permanent tooth length in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"99","author":"Brouwers \n HJ.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Brouwers \n HJ.\n \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman \n AM.\n \n \n Development of permanent tooth length in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;99:543\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b03","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"90","article-title":"Dental development in children with cleft lip and palate: a comparison between unilateral and bilateral clefts","volume":"10","author":"Hazza'a \n AM.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hazza'a \n AM.\n \n \n Rawashdeh \n MA.\n \n \n Al-Jamal \n G.\n \n \n Al-Nimri \n KS.\n \n \n Dental development in children with cleft lip and palate: a comparison between unilateral and bilateral clefts. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2009;10:90\u201394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b04","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"193","article-title":"Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"39","author":"Ribeiro \n LL.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ribeiro \n LL.\n \n \n das Neves \n LT.\n \n \n Costa \n B.\n \n \n Gomide \n MR.\n \n \n Dental development of permanent lateral incisor in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2002;39:193\u2013196."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b05","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"320","article-title":"Maxillary dental development in complete unilateral alveolar clefts","volume":"35","author":"Solis \n A.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Solis \n A.\n \n \n Figueroa \n AA.\n \n \n Cohen \n M.\n \n \n Polley \n JW.\n \n \n Evans \n CA.\n \n \n Maxillary dental development in complete unilateral alveolar clefts. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1998;35:320\u2013328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"11","article-title":"A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate","volume":"90","author":"Ranta \n R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ranta \n R.\n \n \n A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:11\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b07","series-title":"Hum Biol","first-page":"211","article-title":"A new system of dental age assessment","volume":"45","author":"Demirjian \n A.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Demirjian \n A.\n \n \n Goldstein \n H.\n \n \n Tanner \n JM.\n \n \n A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973;45:211\u2013227."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b08","series-title":"J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"The development of the permanent teeth","volume":"27","author":"Nolla \n C.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Nolla \n C.\n \n \n The development of the permanent teeth. J Dent Child. 1960;27:254\u2013266."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"339","article-title":"Association analysis of clinical aspects and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with external apical root resorption in orthodontic patients","volume":"142","author":"Fontana \n ML.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fontana \n ML.\n \n \n de Souza \n CM.\n \n \n Bernardino \n JF.\n \n et al. \n Association analysis of clinical aspects and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with external apical root resorption in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:339\u2013347."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b10","series-title":"Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students","first-page":"122","author":"Dahlberg \n G.","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg \n G.\n \n \n Statistical Methods for Medical and Biological Students. London: Allen and Unwin;1940; 122\u2013132."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"466","article-title":"Cone beam computed tomography for assessment of root length and marginal bone level during orthodontic treatment","volume":"80","author":"Lund \n H.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lund \n H.\n \n \n Gr\u00f6ndahl \n K.\n \n \n Gr\u00f6ndahl \n HG.\n \n \n Cone beam computed tomography for assessment of root length and marginal bone level during orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:466\u2013473."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"650","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of severely resorbed maxillary incisors after resolution of an etiologically associated impacted canine","volume":"127","author":"Becker \n A.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Becker \n A.\n \n \n Chaushu \n S.\n \n \n Long-term follow-up of severely resorbed maxillary incisors after resolution of an etiologically associated impacted canine. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;127:650\u2013654."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"85","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of maxillary incisors with severe apical root resorption","volume":"22","author":"Levander \n E.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Levander \n E.\n \n \n Malmgren \n O.\n \n \n Long-term follow-up of maxillary incisors with severe apical root resorption. Eur J Orthod. 2000;22:85\u201392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b14","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"374","article-title":"Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls","volume":"38","author":"Eerens \n K.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eerens \n K.\n \n \n Vlietinck \n R.\n \n \n Heidb\u00fcchel \n K.\n \n et al. \n Hypodontia and tooth formation in groups of children with cleft, siblings without cleft, and nonrelated controls. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2001;38:374\u2013378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b15","series-title":"Acta Chir Plast","first-page":"154","article-title":"Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"35","author":"Peterka \n M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Peterka \n M.\n \n \n Tvrdek \n M.\n \n \n M\u00fcllerov\u00e1 \n Z.\n \n \n Tooth eruption in patients with cleft lip and palate. Acta Chir Plast. 1993;35:154\u2013158."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"159","article-title":"Continuous vs. discontinuous force application and root resorption","volume":"69","author":"Acar \n A.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Acar \n A.\n \n \n Cany\u00fcrek \n U.\n \n \n Kocaaga \n M.\n \n \n Erverdi \n N.\n \n \n Continuous vs. discontinuous force application and root resorption. Angle Orthod. 1999;69:159\u2013163."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"8.e1","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 11. Continuous vs intermittent controlled orthodontic forces on root resorption. A microcomputed-tomography study","volume":"136","author":"Ballard \n DJ.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ballard \n DJ.\n \n \n Jones \n AS.\n \n \n Petocz \n P.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Physical properties of root cementum: part 11. Continuous vs intermittent controlled orthodontic forces on root resorption. A microcomputed-tomography study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:8.e1\u2013e8."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"654","article-title":"Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear","volume":"133","author":"Deguchi \n T.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Deguchi \n T.\n \n \n Murakami \n T.\n \n \n Kuroda \n S.\n \n \n Yabuuchi \n T.\n \n \n Kamioka \n H.\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto \n T.\n \n \n Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:654\u2013660."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-6-855-b19","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"228","article-title":"Comparisons of orthodontic root resorption under heavy and jiggling reciprocating forces during experimental tooth movement in a rat model","volume":"46","author":"Hikida \n T.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hikida \n T.\n \n \n Yamaguchi \n M.\n \n \n Shimizu \n M.\n \n \n Kikuta \n J.\n \n \n Yoshino \n T.\n \n \n Kasai \n K.\n \n \n Comparisons of orthodontic root resorption under heavy and jiggling reciprocating forces during experimental tooth movement in a rat model. 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