{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T10:59:14Z","timestamp":1791543554800,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To explore how orthodontic treatment affects different aspects of life, such as self-esteem, well-being, and social interactions and, additionally, to identify the long-term challenges that orthodontic patients experience after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n This qualitative study involved in-depth semistructured face-to-face interviews. A purposive sampling strategy aimed to recruit a representative cohort of orthodontic patients who had their orthodontic treatment in adolescence and had their treatment concluded at least 5 years previously. Twenty-one patients (13 females and 8 males) were interviewed using a prepiloted topic guide. These interviews were transcribed and analyzed verbatim, using the general inductive method of data analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The thematic analysis revealed four key themes and related subthemes: (1) self-confidence and interpersonal communication, (2) social and professional opportunities, (3) oral health and function, and (4) challenges. In-depth analysis revealed positive treatment outcomes regarding enhanced self-confidence, social interactions, and perceived improvement in oral health and function. It also highlighted ongoing challenges with retainers and dissatisfaction with relapse.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Orthodontic treatment can significantly impact patient lives. Orthodontic patients described direct long-term positive effects on their social lives and well-being. However, it is equally important to remain mindful of the long-term challenges that may arise after treatment, especially with retainer choices and relapse, enabling proactive measures to mitigate their impact.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/031424-216.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,19]],"date-time":"2024-12-19T19:01:00Z","timestamp":1734634860000},"page":"205-211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Patients\u2019 perspectives of the long-term impact of orthodontic treatment: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Hisham","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Morsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Wafaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben K.","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Farella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"575","article-title":"Orthodontics about face: the re-emergence of the esthetic paradigm","volume":"117","author":"Sarver","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sarver\n DM,\n \n \n Ackerman\n JL.\n \n \n Orthodontics about face: the re-emergence of the esthetic paradigm. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:575\u2013576."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"181","article-title":"Long-term stability of orthodontic treatment and patient satisfaction: a systematic review","volume":"77","author":"Bondemark","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bondemark\n L,\n \n \n Holm\n AK,\n \n \n Hansen\n K,\n \n et al.\n Long-term stability of orthodontic treatment and patient satisfaction: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2007;77:181\u2013191."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b03","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"294","article-title":"Perceptions of outcomes of orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients: a qualitative study","volume":"41","author":"Alquraini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alquraini\n N,\n \n \n Shah\n R,\n \n \n Cunningham\n SJ.\n \n \n Perceptions of outcomes of orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients: a qualitative study. Eur J Orthod. 2019;41:294\u2013300."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"441","article-title":"Psychosocial reward of orthodontic treatment in adult patients","volume":"32","author":"Gazit-Rappaport","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gazit-Rappaport\n T,\n \n \n Haisraeli-Shalish\n M,\n \n \n Gazit\n E.\n \n \n Psychosocial reward of orthodontic treatment in adult patients. Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:441\u2013446."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b05","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"93","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of affect in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment","volume":"36","author":"Pe\u00f1acoba","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1acoba\n C,\n \n \n Gonz\u00e1lez\n MJ,\n \n \n Santos\n N,\n \n \n Romero\n M.\n \n \n Psychosocial predictors of affect in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2014;36:93\u201398."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"24","article-title":"Effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with functional appliances on mandibular growth in the short term","volume":"139","author":"Marsico","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marsico\n E,\n \n \n Gatto\n E,\n \n \n Burrascano\n M,\n \n \n Matarese\n G,\n \n \n Cordasco\n G.\n \n \n Effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with functional appliances on mandibular growth in the short term. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:24\u201336."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b07","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"542","article-title":"Evaluation of orthodontic treatment after 1 year of retention\u2013a randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Edman Tynelius","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edman Tynelius\n G,\n \n \n Bondemark\n L,\n \n \n Lilja-Karlander\n E.\n \n \n Evaluation of orthodontic treatment after 1 year of retention\u2013a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:542\u2013547."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b08","series-title":"J Oral Rehabil","first-page":"244","article-title":"Accounts of bullying on Twitter in relation to dentofacial features and orthodontic treatment","volume":"44","author":"Chan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chan\n A,\n \n \n Antoun\n J,\n \n \n Morgaine\n K,\n \n \n Farella\n M.\n \n \n Accounts of bullying on Twitter in relation to dentofacial features and orthodontic treatment. J Oral Rehabil. 2017;44:244\u2013250."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e263","article-title":"Assessment of motivation and psychological characteristics of adult orthodontic patients","volume":"140","author":"Pabari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pabari\n S,\n \n \n Moles\n DR,\n \n \n Cunningham\n SJ.\n \n \n Assessment of motivation and psychological characteristics of adult orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:e263\u2013e272."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e345","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 perception of malocclusion, their motivations, and expectations concerning the orthodontic treatment. Is it all about attractiveness? A qualitative study","volume":"161","author":"Prado","year":"2022","unstructured":"Prado\n LH,\n \n \n Previato\n K,\n \n \n Delgado\n RZR,\n \n et al.\n Adolescents\u2019 perception of malocclusion, their motivations, and expectations concerning the orthodontic treatment. Is it all about attractiveness? A qualitative study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022;161:e345\u2013e352."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"41","article-title":"Professional consensus on orthodontic risks: what orthodontists should tell their patients","volume":"159","author":"Perry","year":"2021","unstructured":"Perry\n J,\n \n \n Popat\n H,\n \n \n Johnson\n I,\n \n \n Farnell\n D,\n \n \n Morgan\n MZ.\n \n \n Professional consensus on orthodontic risks: what orthodontists should tell their patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2021;159:41\u201352."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"369","article-title":"A qualitative meta-synthesis of research into patients\u2019 past experiences and perceptions of orthodontic treatment outcomes","volume":"44","author":"Mohammed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohammed\n H,\n \n \n Daniel\n BK,\n \n \n Skilbeck\n M,\n \n et al.\n A qualitative meta-synthesis of research into patients\u2019 past experiences and perceptions of orthodontic treatment outcomes. Eur J Orthod. 2022;44:369\u2013376."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b13","series-title":"Int J Qual Health Care","first-page":"349","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tong\n A,\n \n \n Sainsbury\n P,\n \n \n Craig\n J.\n \n \n Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19:349\u2013357."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b14","series-title":"Am J Eval","first-page":"237","article-title":"A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data","volume":"27","author":"Thomas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thomas\n DR.\n \n \n A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data. Am J Eval. 2006;27:237\u2013246."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b15","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"233","article-title":"The impact of orthodontic treatment on quality of life and self-esteem in adult patients","volume":"37","author":"Johal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Johal\n A,\n \n \n Alyaqoobi\n I,\n \n \n Patel\n R,\n \n \n Cox\n S.\n \n \n The impact of orthodontic treatment on quality of life and self-esteem in adult patients. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:233\u2013237."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"257","article-title":"The evolution of self-esteem before, during and after orthodontic treatment in adolescents with dental malocclusion, a prospective cohort study","volume":"42","author":"Avontroodt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Avontroodt\n S,\n \n \n Lemiere\n J,\n \n \n Cadenas de Llano-P\u00e9rula\n M,\n \n et al.\n The evolution of self-esteem before, during and after orthodontic treatment in adolescents with dental malocclusion, a prospective cohort study. Eur J Orthod. 2020;42:257\u2013262."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b17","series-title":"Eur J Dent Educ","first-page":"166","article-title":"The impact of orthodontic treatment on choosing a career in dentistry","volume":"26","author":"Rouhiainen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rouhiainen\n V,\n \n \n Karaharju\u2010Suvanto\n T,\n \n \n Waltimo\u2010Sir\u00e9n\n J.\n \n \n The impact of orthodontic treatment on choosing a career in dentistry. Eur J Dent Educ. 2022;26:166\u2013173."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"338","article-title":"The influence of mobile applications and social media-based interventions in producing behavior change among orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"161","author":"Al-Moghrabi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Moghrabi\n D,\n \n \n Alkadhimi\n A,\n \n \n Tsichlaki\n A,\n \n \n Pandis\n N,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n The influence of mobile applications and social media-based interventions in producing behavior change among orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022;161:338\u2013354."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"443","article-title":"Dental crowding as a caries risk factor: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Hafez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hafez\n HS,\n \n \n Shaarawy\n SM,\n \n \n Al-Sakiti\n AA,\n \n \n Mostafa\n YA.\n \n \n Dental crowding as a caries risk factor: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:443\u2013450."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b20","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"212","article-title":"Factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear: a qualitative study","volume":"46","author":"Al-Moghrabi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Moghrabi\n D,\n \n \n Colonio Salazar\n FB,\n \n \n Johal\n A,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n Factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear: a qualitative study. J Orthod. 2019;46:212\u2013219."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"575","article-title":"Orthodontics about face: the re-emergence of the esthetic paradigm","volume":"117","author":"Sarver","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sarver\n DM,\n \n \n Ackerman\n JL.\n \n \n Orthodontics about face: the re-emergence of the esthetic paradigm. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:575\u2013576."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"181","article-title":"Long-term stability of orthodontic treatment and patient satisfaction: a systematic review","volume":"77","author":"Bondemark","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bondemark\n L,\n \n \n Holm\n AK,\n \n \n Hansen\n K,\n \n et al.\n Long-term stability of orthodontic treatment and patient satisfaction: a systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2007;77:181\u2013191."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b03","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"294","article-title":"Perceptions of outcomes of orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients: a qualitative study","volume":"41","author":"Alquraini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alquraini\n N,\n \n \n Shah\n R,\n \n \n Cunningham\n SJ.\n \n \n Perceptions of outcomes of orthodontic treatment in adolescent patients: a qualitative study. Eur J Orthod. 2019;41:294\u2013300."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"441","article-title":"Psychosocial reward of orthodontic treatment in adult patients","volume":"32","author":"Gazit-Rappaport","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gazit-Rappaport\n T,\n \n \n Haisraeli-Shalish\n M,\n \n \n Gazit\n E.\n \n \n Psychosocial reward of orthodontic treatment in adult patients. Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:441\u2013446."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b05","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"93","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of affect in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment","volume":"36","author":"Pe\u00f1acoba","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pe\u00f1acoba\n C,\n \n \n Gonz\u00e1lez\n MJ,\n \n \n Santos\n N,\n \n \n Romero\n M.\n \n \n Psychosocial predictors of affect in adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2014;36:93\u201398."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"24","article-title":"Effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with functional appliances on mandibular growth in the short term","volume":"139","author":"Marsico","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marsico\n E,\n \n \n Gatto\n E,\n \n \n Burrascano\n M,\n \n \n Matarese\n G,\n \n \n Cordasco\n G.\n \n \n Effectiveness of orthodontic treatment with functional appliances on mandibular growth in the short term. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:24\u201336."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b07","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"542","article-title":"Evaluation of orthodontic treatment after 1 year of retention\u2013a randomized controlled trial","volume":"32","author":"Edman Tynelius","year":"2010","unstructured":"Edman Tynelius\n G,\n \n \n Bondemark\n L,\n \n \n Lilja-Karlander\n E.\n \n \n Evaluation of orthodontic treatment after 1 year of retention\u2013a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:542\u2013547."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b08","series-title":"J Oral Rehabil","first-page":"244","article-title":"Accounts of bullying on Twitter in relation to dentofacial features and orthodontic treatment","volume":"44","author":"Chan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chan\n A,\n \n \n Antoun\n J,\n \n \n Morgaine\n K,\n \n \n Farella\n M.\n \n \n Accounts of bullying on Twitter in relation to dentofacial features and orthodontic treatment. J Oral Rehabil. 2017;44:244\u2013250."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e263","article-title":"Assessment of motivation and psychological characteristics of adult orthodontic patients","volume":"140","author":"Pabari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pabari\n S,\n \n \n Moles\n DR,\n \n \n Cunningham\n SJ.\n \n \n Assessment of motivation and psychological characteristics of adult orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:e263\u2013e272."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e345","article-title":"Adolescents\u2019 perception of malocclusion, their motivations, and expectations concerning the orthodontic treatment. Is it all about attractiveness? A qualitative study","volume":"161","author":"Prado","year":"2022","unstructured":"Prado\n LH,\n \n \n Previato\n K,\n \n \n Delgado\n RZR,\n \n et al.\n Adolescents\u2019 perception of malocclusion, their motivations, and expectations concerning the orthodontic treatment. Is it all about attractiveness? A qualitative study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022;161:e345\u2013e352."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"41","article-title":"Professional consensus on orthodontic risks: what orthodontists should tell their patients","volume":"159","author":"Perry","year":"2021","unstructured":"Perry\n J,\n \n \n Popat\n H,\n \n \n Johnson\n I,\n \n \n Farnell\n D,\n \n \n Morgan\n MZ.\n \n \n Professional consensus on orthodontic risks: what orthodontists should tell their patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2021;159:41\u201352."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"369","article-title":"A qualitative meta-synthesis of research into patients\u2019 past experiences and perceptions of orthodontic treatment outcomes","volume":"44","author":"Mohammed","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mohammed\n H,\n \n \n Daniel\n BK,\n \n \n Skilbeck\n M,\n \n et al.\n A qualitative meta-synthesis of research into patients\u2019 past experiences and perceptions of orthodontic treatment outcomes. Eur J Orthod. 2022;44:369\u2013376."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b13","series-title":"Int J Qual Health Care","first-page":"349","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tong\n A,\n \n \n Sainsbury\n P,\n \n \n Craig\n J.\n \n \n Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19:349\u2013357."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b14","series-title":"Am J Eval","first-page":"237","article-title":"A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data","volume":"27","author":"Thomas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thomas\n DR.\n \n \n A general inductive approach for analyzing qualitative evaluation data. Am J Eval. 2006;27:237\u2013246."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b15","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"233","article-title":"The impact of orthodontic treatment on quality of life and self-esteem in adult patients","volume":"37","author":"Johal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Johal\n A,\n \n \n Alyaqoobi\n I,\n \n \n Patel\n R,\n \n \n Cox\n S.\n \n \n The impact of orthodontic treatment on quality of life and self-esteem in adult patients. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:233\u2013237."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"257","article-title":"The evolution of self-esteem before, during and after orthodontic treatment in adolescents with dental malocclusion, a prospective cohort study","volume":"42","author":"Avontroodt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Avontroodt\n S,\n \n \n Lemiere\n J,\n \n \n Cadenas de Llano-P\u00e9rula\n M,\n \n et al.\n The evolution of self-esteem before, during and after orthodontic treatment in adolescents with dental malocclusion, a prospective cohort study. Eur J Orthod. 2020;42:257\u2013262."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b17","series-title":"Eur J Dent Educ","first-page":"166","article-title":"The impact of orthodontic treatment on choosing a career in dentistry","volume":"26","author":"Rouhiainen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rouhiainen\n V,\n \n \n Karaharju\u2010Suvanto\n T,\n \n \n Waltimo\u2010Sir\u00e9n\n J.\n \n \n The impact of orthodontic treatment on choosing a career in dentistry. Eur J Dent Educ. 2022;26:166\u2013173."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"338","article-title":"The influence of mobile applications and social media-based interventions in producing behavior change among orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"161","author":"Al-Moghrabi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Al-Moghrabi\n D,\n \n \n Alkadhimi\n A,\n \n \n Tsichlaki\n A,\n \n \n Pandis\n N,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n The influence of mobile applications and social media-based interventions in producing behavior change among orthodontic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2022;161:338\u2013354."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"443","article-title":"Dental crowding as a caries risk factor: a systematic review","volume":"142","author":"Hafez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hafez\n HS,\n \n \n Shaarawy\n SM,\n \n \n Al-Sakiti\n AA,\n \n \n Mostafa\n YA.\n \n \n Dental crowding as a caries risk factor: a systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:443\u2013450."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-2-205-b20","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"212","article-title":"Factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear: a qualitative study","volume":"46","author":"Al-Moghrabi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Moghrabi\n D,\n \n \n Colonio Salazar\n FB,\n \n \n Johal\n A,\n \n \n Fleming\n PS.\n \n \n Factors influencing adherence to vacuum-formed retainer wear: a qualitative study. J Orthod. 2019;46:212\u2013219."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/95\/2\/article-p205.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/95\/2\/205\/3488940\/i1945-7103-95-2-205.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/95\/2\/article-p205.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/95\/2\/article-p205.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:44:48Z","timestamp":1780065888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/95\/2\/article-p205.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/031424-216.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}}}