{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:06:59Z","timestamp":1780067219212,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A 20-year-old female patient with severe maxillary crowding and skeletal Class III malocclusion was successfully treated using an enhanced pendulum appliance. Camouflage treatment was chosen because the patient refused surgical intervention. Detailed examination and analysis revealed that labial inclination of the maxillary anterior teeth could provide the alignment space necessary after tooth extraction in the maxillary arch but it would not be beneficial esthetically and would increase the moment perpendicular to the tooth long axis as well as increase the risk of bone dehiscence. Therefore, lingual inclination of the mandibular anterior teeth was performed. To create space for aligning the maxillary arch, an enhanced pendulum appliance was utilized, in addition to premolar extraction. The enhanced pendulum appliance had one mesial and one distal helix on each spring, exerting opposing forces in the buccolingual direction and reducing the buccolingual inclination of the molars. In addition, miniscrews were integrated into the Nance arch of the enhanced pendulum appliance to provide skeletal anchorage, minimizing the reciprocal movement of anchorage teeth. This modification not only enhanced control over tooth movement but also improved treatment efficiency. During the entire treatment duration of 17 months, substantial improvement in facial and occlusal aspects were noted. Additionally, the patient retained these positive changes until the subsequent 2-year follow-up period.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/031424-217.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T20:00:40Z","timestamp":1720468840000},"page":"126-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced pendulum appliance utilizing temporary anchorage device-based Nance arch and modified springs for optimized molar distalization control: a case report"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Chuanxi","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Algahefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"467","article-title":"Long- and short-term effects of headgear traction with and without the maxillary second molars","volume":"146","author":"Shpack","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shpack\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Brosh\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Mazor\n              Y,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Long- and short-term effects of headgear traction with and without the maxillary second molars. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014;146:467\u2013476."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b02","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"706","article-title":"The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy","volume":"26","author":"Hilgers","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hilgers\n              JJ.\n            \n          \n          The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy. J Clin Orthod. 1992;26:706\u2013714."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"502","article-title":"Sagittal, vertical, and transverse changes consequent to maxillary molar distalization with the pendulum appliance","volume":"130","author":"Fuziy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fuziy\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Rodrigues de Almeida\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Janson\n              G,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Sagittal, vertical, and transverse changes consequent to maxillary molar distalization with the pendulum appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:502\u2013510."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b04","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"154","article-title":"Bipendulum and quad pendulum for non-compliance molar distalization in adult patients","volume":"63","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Fritz\n              U,\n            \n            \n              Diedrich\n              P.\n            \n          \n          Bipendulum and quad pendulum for non-compliance molar distalization in adult patients. J Orofac Orthop. 2002;63:154\u2013162."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b05","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"374","article-title":"The distal jet for upper molar distalization","volume":"30","author":"Carano","year":"1996","unstructured":"Carano\n              A.\n            \n          \n          The distal jet for upper molar distalization. J Clin Orthod. 1996;30:374\u2013380."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"264","article-title":"Distalization of maxillary first and second molars simultaneously with repelling magnets","volume":"14","author":"Bondemark","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bondemark\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Kurol\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Distalization of maxillary first and second molars simultaneously with repelling magnets. Eur J Orthod. 1992;14:264\u2013272."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"189","article-title":"Repelling magnets versus superelastic nickel-titanium coils in simultaneous distal movement of maxillary first and second molars","volume":"64","author":"Bondemark","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bondemark\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Kurol\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Bernhold\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Repelling magnets versus superelastic nickel-titanium coils in simultaneous distal movement of maxillary first and second molars. Angle Orthod. 1994;64:189\u2013198."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"547","article-title":"molar distalization with static repelling magnets. Part II","volume":"108","author":"Steger","year":"1995","unstructured":"Steger\n              E R,\n            \n            \n              Blechman\n              A M.\n            \n          \n          molar distalization with static repelling magnets. Part II. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;108:547\u2013555."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b09","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"119","article-title":"Molar distalization with the Herbst appliance","volume":"6","author":"Lai","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lai\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Molar distalization with the Herbst appliance. Semin Orthod. 2000;6:119\u2013128."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"138","article-title":"Treatment effects of the Herbst appliance","volume":"95","author":"Valant","year":"1989","unstructured":"Valant\n              JR,\n            \n            \n              Sinclair\n              PM.\n            \n          \n          Treatment effects of the Herbst appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;95:138\u2013147."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"558","article-title":"Treatment effects of intraoral appliances with conventional anchorage designs for non-compliance maxillary molar distalization. A literature review","volume":"30","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n              GSM,\n            \n            \n              Eren\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Diedrich\n              PR.\n            \n          \n          Treatment effects of intraoral appliances with conventional anchorage designs for non-compliance maxillary molar distalization. A literature review. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:558\u2013571."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b12","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"171","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy using pendulum and distal screw appliances","volume":"45","author":"Caprioglio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Caprioglio\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Cafagna\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Fontana\n              M,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy using pendulum and distal screw appliances. Korean J Orthod. 2015;45:171\u2013179."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"249","article-title":"Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 1: Clinical and radiological evaluation","volume":"67","author":"Byloff","year":"1997","unstructured":"Byloff\n              FK,\n            \n            \n              Darendeliler\n              MA.\n            \n          \n          Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 1: Clinical and radiological evaluation. Angle Orthod. 1997;67:249\u2013260."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"261","article-title":"Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 2: the effects of maxillary molar root uprighting bends","volume":"67","author":"Byloff","year":"1997","unstructured":"Byloff\n              FK,\n            \n            \n              Darendeliler\n              MA,\n            \n            \n              Clar\n              E,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 2: the effects of maxillary molar root uprighting bends. Angle Orthod. 1997;67:261\u2013270."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b15","series-title":"J Orofacial Orthop","first-page":"175","article-title":"Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of class-II malocclusion in children and adolescents","volume":"61","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Fuhrmann\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Gross\n              U,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of class-II malocclusion in children and adolescents. J Orofacial Orthop. 2000;61:175\u2013190."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"277","article-title":"The effectiveness of a single osteointegrated implant combined with pendulum springs for molar distalization","volume":"131","author":"Oncag","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oncag\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Akyalcin\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Arikan\n              F.\n            \n          \n          The effectiveness of a single osteointegrated implant combined with pendulum springs for molar distalization. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131:277\u2013284. 17276871"},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b17","series-title":"Orthod Fr","first-page":"265","article-title":"The pendulis appliance: a palatal miniscrew supported molar distalization device","volume":"85","author":"Nappee-Mievilly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nappee-Mievilly\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Nappee\n              FJ,\n            \n            \n              Kerbrat\n              JB,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          The pendulis appliance: a palatal miniscrew supported molar distalization device. Orthod Fr. 2014;85:265\u2013273. 25158749"},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b18","series-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital","first-page":"386","article-title":"Association between oral habits, mouth breathing and malocclusion","volume":"36","author":"Grippaudo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grippaudo\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Paolantonio\n              EG,\n            \n            \n              Antonini\n              G,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Association between oral habits, mouth breathing and malocclusion. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2016;36:386\u2013394."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b19","series-title":"Front Pub Health","first-page":"929165","article-title":"The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: a concise review","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Zhao\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Qin\n              D,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: a concise review. Front Pub Health. 2022;10:929165."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"948","article-title":"Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns","volume":"83","author":"Molina-Berlanga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Molina-Berlanga\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Llopis-Perez\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Flores-Mir\n              C,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:948\u2013955."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"226","article-title":"Eruption of third permanent molars after the extraction of second permanent molars. Part 1: assessment of third molar position and size","volume":"119","author":"Orton-Gibbs","year":"2001","unstructured":"Orton-Gibbs\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Crow\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Orton\n              HS.\n            \n          \n          Eruption of third permanent molars after the extraction of second permanent molars. Part 1: assessment of third molar position and size. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001;119:226\u2013238."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"467","article-title":"Long- and short-term effects of headgear traction with and without the maxillary second molars","volume":"146","author":"Shpack","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shpack\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Brosh\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Mazor\n              Y,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Long- and short-term effects of headgear traction with and without the maxillary second molars. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014;146:467\u2013476."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b02","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"706","article-title":"The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy","volume":"26","author":"Hilgers","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hilgers\n              JJ.\n            \n          \n          The pendulum appliance for Class II non-compliance therapy. J Clin Orthod. 1992;26:706\u2013714."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"502","article-title":"Sagittal, vertical, and transverse changes consequent to maxillary molar distalization with the pendulum appliance","volume":"130","author":"Fuziy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fuziy\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Rodrigues de Almeida\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Janson\n              G,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Sagittal, vertical, and transverse changes consequent to maxillary molar distalization with the pendulum appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:502\u2013510."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b04","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"154","article-title":"Bipendulum and quad pendulum for non-compliance molar distalization in adult patients","volume":"63","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Fritz\n              U,\n            \n            \n              Diedrich\n              P.\n            \n          \n          Bipendulum and quad pendulum for non-compliance molar distalization in adult patients. J Orofac Orthop. 2002;63:154\u2013162."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b05","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"374","article-title":"The distal jet for upper molar distalization","volume":"30","author":"Carano","year":"1996","unstructured":"Carano\n              A.\n            \n          \n          The distal jet for upper molar distalization. J Clin Orthod. 1996;30:374\u2013380."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"264","article-title":"Distalization of maxillary first and second molars simultaneously with repelling magnets","volume":"14","author":"Bondemark","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bondemark\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Kurol\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Distalization of maxillary first and second molars simultaneously with repelling magnets. Eur J Orthod. 1992;14:264\u2013272."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"189","article-title":"Repelling magnets versus superelastic nickel-titanium coils in simultaneous distal movement of maxillary first and second molars","volume":"64","author":"Bondemark","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bondemark\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Kurol\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Bernhold\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Repelling magnets versus superelastic nickel-titanium coils in simultaneous distal movement of maxillary first and second molars. Angle Orthod. 1994;64:189\u2013198."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"547","article-title":"molar distalization with static repelling magnets. Part II","volume":"108","author":"Steger","year":"1995","unstructured":"Steger\n              E R,\n            \n            \n              Blechman\n              A M.\n            \n          \n          molar distalization with static repelling magnets. Part II. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;108:547\u2013555."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b09","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"119","article-title":"Molar distalization with the Herbst appliance","volume":"6","author":"Lai","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lai\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Molar distalization with the Herbst appliance. Semin Orthod. 2000;6:119\u2013128."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"138","article-title":"Treatment effects of the Herbst appliance","volume":"95","author":"Valant","year":"1989","unstructured":"Valant\n              JR,\n            \n            \n              Sinclair\n              PM.\n            \n          \n          Treatment effects of the Herbst appliance. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;95:138\u2013147."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"558","article-title":"Treatment effects of intraoral appliances with conventional anchorage designs for non-compliance maxillary molar distalization. A literature review","volume":"30","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n              GSM,\n            \n            \n              Eren\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Diedrich\n              PR.\n            \n          \n          Treatment effects of intraoral appliances with conventional anchorage designs for non-compliance maxillary molar distalization. A literature review. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:558\u2013571."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b12","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"171","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy using pendulum and distal screw appliances","volume":"45","author":"Caprioglio","year":"2015","unstructured":"Caprioglio\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Cafagna\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Fontana\n              M,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy using pendulum and distal screw appliances. Korean J Orthod. 2015;45:171\u2013179."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"249","article-title":"Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 1: Clinical and radiological evaluation","volume":"67","author":"Byloff","year":"1997","unstructured":"Byloff\n              FK,\n            \n            \n              Darendeliler\n              MA.\n            \n          \n          Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 1: Clinical and radiological evaluation. Angle Orthod. 1997;67:249\u2013260."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"261","article-title":"Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 2: the effects of maxillary molar root uprighting bends","volume":"67","author":"Byloff","year":"1997","unstructured":"Byloff\n              FK,\n            \n            \n              Darendeliler\n              MA,\n            \n            \n              Clar\n              E,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Distal molar movement using the pendulum appliance. Part 2: the effects of maxillary molar root uprighting bends. Angle Orthod. 1997;67:261\u2013270."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b15","series-title":"J Orofacial Orthop","first-page":"175","article-title":"Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of class-II malocclusion in children and adolescents","volume":"61","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Fuhrmann\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Gross\n              U,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Modified pendulum appliance including distal screw and uprighting activation for non-compliance therapy of class-II malocclusion in children and adolescents. J Orofacial Orthop. 2000;61:175\u2013190."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"277","article-title":"The effectiveness of a single osteointegrated implant combined with pendulum springs for molar distalization","volume":"131","author":"Oncag","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oncag\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Akyalcin\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Arikan\n              F.\n            \n          \n          The effectiveness of a single osteointegrated implant combined with pendulum springs for molar distalization. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131:277\u2013284. 17276871"},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b17","series-title":"Orthod Fr","first-page":"265","article-title":"The pendulis appliance: a palatal miniscrew supported molar distalization device","volume":"85","author":"Nappee-Mievilly","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nappee-Mievilly\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Nappee\n              FJ,\n            \n            \n              Kerbrat\n              JB,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          The pendulis appliance: a palatal miniscrew supported molar distalization device. Orthod Fr. 2014;85:265\u2013273. 25158749"},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b18","series-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital","first-page":"386","article-title":"Association between oral habits, mouth breathing and malocclusion","volume":"36","author":"Grippaudo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grippaudo\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Paolantonio\n              EG,\n            \n            \n              Antonini\n              G,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Association between oral habits, mouth breathing and malocclusion. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2016;36:386\u2013394."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b19","series-title":"Front Pub Health","first-page":"929165","article-title":"The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: a concise review","volume":"10","author":"Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Zhao\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Qin\n              D,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          The impact of mouth breathing on dentofacial development: a concise review. Front Pub Health. 2022;10:929165."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"948","article-title":"Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns","volume":"83","author":"Molina-Berlanga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Molina-Berlanga\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Llopis-Perez\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Flores-Mir\n              C,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:948\u2013955."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-1-126-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"226","article-title":"Eruption of third permanent molars after the extraction of second permanent molars. Part 1: assessment of third molar position and size","volume":"119","author":"Orton-Gibbs","year":"2001","unstructured":"Orton-Gibbs\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Crow\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Orton\n              HS.\n            \n          \n          Eruption of third permanent molars after the extraction of second permanent molars. Part 1: assessment of third molar position and size. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2001;119:226\u2013238."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/95\/1\/article-p126.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/95\/1\/126\/3465705\/i1945-7103-95-1-126.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/95\/1\/article-p126.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/95\/1\/article-p126.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:46:05Z","timestamp":1780065965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/95\/1\/article-p126.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/031424-217.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}}}