{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:05:38Z","timestamp":1780067138307,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To identify predictors regarding the type and severity of malocclusion that affect total Invisalign treatment duration based on an intraoral digital scan.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n The subjects of this retrospective clinical cohort were 116 patients treated with Invisalign. A deep learning method was used for automated tooth segmentation and landmark identification of the initial and final digital models. The changes in the six degrees of freedom (DOF), representing types of malalignment, were measured. Linear regression was performed to find the contributing factors associated with treatment time. In addition, the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) score and a composite score combining 6 DOF were correlated separately to the treatment time.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The number of trays differed between sexes (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .0015). The absolute maximum torque was marginally associated with the total number of trays (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .0518), while the rest of the orthodontic tooth movement showed no correlation. The composite score showed a higher correlation with the total number of trays (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .0045) than did individual tooth movement. Pretreatment upper and lower anterior segment PAR scores were positively associated with the treatment time (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n There is not enough evidence to conclude that certain types of tooth movement affect the total aligner treatment time. A composite score seems to be a better predictor for total treatment time than do individual malalignment factors in aligner treatment. Upper and lower anterior malalignment factors have a significant effect on the treatment duration.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/031622-225.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T13:45:43Z","timestamp":1667483143000},"page":"144-150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessment of malalignment factors related to Invisalign treatment time aided by automated imaging processes"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Sanghee","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai-Hsien","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toru","family":"Deguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-En","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumeet","family":"Minhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaun","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Chang","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"724","article-title":"Adult patients' adjustability to orthodontic appliances. Part I: a comparison between labial, lingual, and Invisalign","volume":"34","author":"Shalish","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shalish\n M,\n \n \n Cooper-Kazaz\n R,\n \n \n Ivgi\n I,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Adult patients' adjustability to orthodontic appliances. Part I: a comparison between labial, lingual, and Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;34:724\u2013730."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b02","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effectiveness of clear aligner therapy for orthodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Robertson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robertson\n L,\n \n \n Kaur\n H,\n \n \n Fagundes\n NCF,\n \n \n Romanyk\n D,\n \n \n Major\n P,\n \n \n Flores Mir\n C.\n \n \n Effectiveness of clear aligner therapy for orthodontic treatment: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;23:133\u2013142."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"881","article-title":"Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Rossini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossini\n G,\n \n \n Parrini\n S,\n \n \n Castroflorio\n T,\n \n \n Deregibus\n A,\n \n \n Debernardi\n CL.\n \n \n Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;85:881\u2013889."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"292","article-title":"Outcome assessment of Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment compared with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system","volume":"128","author":"Djeu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Djeu\n G,\n \n \n Shelton\n C,\n \n \n Maganzini\n A.\n \n \n Outcome assessment of Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment compared with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;128:292\u2013298;\n\t\t\t\t\tdiscussion 298."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluation of effectiveness and stability of aligner treatments using the Peer Assessment Rating Index","volume":"82","author":"Graf","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graf\n I,\n \n \n Puppe\n C,\n \n \n Schwarze\n J,\n \n \n Hofer\n K,\n \n \n Christ\n H,\n \n \n Braumann\n B.\n \n \n Evaluation of effectiveness and stability of aligner treatments using the Peer Assessment Rating Index.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;82:23\u201331."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"27","article-title":"How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign","volume":"135","author":"Kravitz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kravitz\n ND,\n \n \n Kusnoto\n B,\n \n \n BeGole\n E,\n \n \n Obrez\n A,\n \n \n Agran\n B.\n \n \n How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;135:27\u201335."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b07","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"68","article-title":"Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization","volume":"14","author":"Simon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Simon\n M,\n \n \n Keilig\n L,\n \n \n Schwarze\n J,\n \n \n Jung\n BA,\n \n \n Bourauel\n C.\n \n \n Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;14:68."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b08","series-title":"Are predicted tooth positions achieved? Angle Orthod","first-page":"809","article-title":"How accurate is Invisalign in nonextraction cases?","volume":"87","author":"Grunheid","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grunheid\n T,\n \n \n Loh\n C,\n \n \n Larson\n BE.\n \n \n How accurate is Invisalign in nonextraction cases?\n Are predicted tooth positions achieved? Angle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;87:809\u2013815."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"420","article-title":"Has Invisalign improved? A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign","volume":"158","author":"Haouili","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haouili\n N,\n \n \n Kravitz\n ND,\n \n \n Vaid\n NR,\n \n \n Ferguson\n DJ,\n \n \n Makki\n L.\n \n \n Has Invisalign improved? A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;158:420\u2013425."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"259","article-title":"Evaluation of Invisalign treatment effectiveness and efficiency compared with conventional fixed appliances using the Peer Assessment Rating Index","volume":"151","author":"Gu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gu\n J,\n \n \n Tang\n JS,\n \n \n Skulski\n B,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Evaluation of Invisalign treatment effectiveness and efficiency compared with conventional fixed appliances using the Peer Assessment Rating Index.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;151:259\u2013266."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"173","article-title":"Differences in finished case quality between Invisalign and traditional fixed appliances","volume":"92","author":"Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin\n E,\n \n \n Julien\n K,\n \n \n Kesterke\n M,\n \n \n Buschang\n PH.\n \n \n Differences in finished case quality between Invisalign and traditional fixed appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2022;92:173\u2013179."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b12","series-title":"Machine learning in orthodontics: application review. Embracing novel technologies in dentistry and orthodontics. Paper presented at: 46th Annual Moyers Symposium and the 44th Annual International Conference on Craniofacial Research; March 1\u20133,","author":"Ko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ko\n CC,\n \n \n Tanikawa\n C,\n \n \n Wu\n TH,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Machine learning in orthodontics: application review. Embracing novel technologies in dentistry and orthodontics. Paper presented at: 46th Annual Moyers Symposium and the 44th Annual International Conference on Craniofacial Research; March 1\u20133,\n 2019;\n\t\t\t\t\tAnn Arbor, Mich."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"180","article-title":"The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","unstructured":"Richmond\n S,\n \n \n Shaw\n WC,\n \n \n Roberts\n CT,\n \n \n Andrews\n M.\n \n \n The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1992;14:180\u2013187."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b14","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"70","article-title":"Stable region for maxillary dental cast superimposition in adults, studied with the aid of stable miniscrews","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen\n G,\n \n \n Chen\n S,\n \n \n Zhang\n XY,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Stable region for maxillary dental cast superimposition in adults, studied with the aid of stable miniscrews.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;14:70\u201379."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b15","author":"Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu\n T-H,\n \n \n Lian\n C,\n \n \n Lee\n S,\n \n \n Pastewait\n M,\n \n \n Piers\n C,\n \n \n Liu\n J,\n \n \n Wang\n F,\n \n \n Li\n Wang,\n \n \n Chiu\n C-Y,\n \n \n Wang\n W,\n \n \n Jackson\n C,\n \n \n Chao\n W-L,\n \n \n Shen\n D,\n \n \n Ko\n CC.\n \n \n Two-stage mesh deep learning for automated tooth segmentation and landmark localization on 3D intraoral scans. IEEE Trans Med Imaging.\n 2022.\n\t\t\t\t\thttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2109.11942022."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"113","article-title":"A mathematic-geometric model to calculate variation in mandibular arch form","volume":"22","author":"Mutinelli","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mutinelli\n S,\n \n \n Manfredi\n M,\n \n \n Cozzani\n M.\n \n \n A mathematic-geometric model to calculate variation in mandibular arch form.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;22:113\u2013125."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b17","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"525","article-title":"Complex orthodontic treatment using a new protocol for the Invisalign appliance","volume":"41","author":"Boyd","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boyd\n RL.\n \n \n Complex orthodontic treatment using a new protocol for the Invisalign appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;41:525\u2013547;\n\t\t\t\t\tquiz 523."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b18","series-title":"ISRN Dent","first-page":"657973","article-title":"Orthodontic tooth movement with clear aligners","volume":"2012","author":"Drake","year":"2012","unstructured":"Drake\n CT,\n \n \n McGorray\n SP,\n \n \n Dolce\n C,\n \n \n Nair\n M,\n \n \n Wheeler\n TT.\n \n \n Orthodontic tooth movement with clear aligners.\n\t\t\t\t\tISRN Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;2012:657973."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b19","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluation of open bite closure using clear aligners: a retrospective study","volume":"21","author":"Harris","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harris\n K,\n \n \n Ojima\n K,\n \n \n Dan\n C,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Evaluation of open bite closure using clear aligners: a retrospective study.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;21:23."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"724","article-title":"Adult patients' adjustability to orthodontic appliances. Part I: a comparison between labial, lingual, and Invisalign","volume":"34","author":"Shalish","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shalish\n M,\n \n \n Cooper-Kazaz\n R,\n \n \n Ivgi\n I,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Adult patients' adjustability to orthodontic appliances. Part I: a comparison between labial, lingual, and Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;34:724\u2013730."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b02","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"133","article-title":"Effectiveness of clear aligner therapy for orthodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Robertson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Robertson\n L,\n \n \n Kaur\n H,\n \n \n Fagundes\n NCF,\n \n \n Romanyk\n D,\n \n \n Major\n P,\n \n \n Flores Mir\n C.\n \n \n Effectiveness of clear aligner therapy for orthodontic treatment: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;23:133\u2013142."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"881","article-title":"Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Rossini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossini\n G,\n \n \n Parrini\n S,\n \n \n Castroflorio\n T,\n \n \n Deregibus\n A,\n \n \n Debernardi\n CL.\n \n \n Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;85:881\u2013889."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"292","article-title":"Outcome assessment of Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment compared with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system","volume":"128","author":"Djeu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Djeu\n G,\n \n \n Shelton\n C,\n \n \n Maganzini\n A.\n \n \n Outcome assessment of Invisalign and traditional orthodontic treatment compared with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;128:292\u2013298;\n\t\t\t\t\tdiscussion 298."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluation of effectiveness and stability of aligner treatments using the Peer Assessment Rating Index","volume":"82","author":"Graf","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graf\n I,\n \n \n Puppe\n C,\n \n \n Schwarze\n J,\n \n \n Hofer\n K,\n \n \n Christ\n H,\n \n \n Braumann\n B.\n \n \n Evaluation of effectiveness and stability of aligner treatments using the Peer Assessment Rating Index.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;82:23\u201331."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"27","article-title":"How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign","volume":"135","author":"Kravitz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kravitz\n ND,\n \n \n Kusnoto\n B,\n \n \n BeGole\n E,\n \n \n Obrez\n A,\n \n \n Agran\n B.\n \n \n How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;135:27\u201335."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b07","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"68","article-title":"Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization","volume":"14","author":"Simon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Simon\n M,\n \n \n Keilig\n L,\n \n \n Schwarze\n J,\n \n \n Jung\n BA,\n \n \n Bourauel\n C.\n \n \n Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;14:68."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b08","series-title":"Are predicted tooth positions achieved? Angle Orthod","first-page":"809","article-title":"How accurate is Invisalign in nonextraction cases?","volume":"87","author":"Grunheid","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grunheid\n T,\n \n \n Loh\n C,\n \n \n Larson\n BE.\n \n \n How accurate is Invisalign in nonextraction cases?\n Are predicted tooth positions achieved? Angle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;87:809\u2013815."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"420","article-title":"Has Invisalign improved? A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign","volume":"158","author":"Haouili","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haouili\n N,\n \n \n Kravitz\n ND,\n \n \n Vaid\n NR,\n \n \n Ferguson\n DJ,\n \n \n Makki\n L.\n \n \n Has Invisalign improved? A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;158:420\u2013425."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"259","article-title":"Evaluation of Invisalign treatment effectiveness and efficiency compared with conventional fixed appliances using the Peer Assessment Rating Index","volume":"151","author":"Gu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gu\n J,\n \n \n Tang\n JS,\n \n \n Skulski\n B,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Evaluation of Invisalign treatment effectiveness and efficiency compared with conventional fixed appliances using the Peer Assessment Rating Index.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;151:259\u2013266."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"173","article-title":"Differences in finished case quality between Invisalign and traditional fixed appliances","volume":"92","author":"Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lin\n E,\n \n \n Julien\n K,\n \n \n Kesterke\n M,\n \n \n Buschang\n PH.\n \n \n Differences in finished case quality between Invisalign and traditional fixed appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2022;92:173\u2013179."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b12","series-title":"Machine learning in orthodontics: application review. Embracing novel technologies in dentistry and orthodontics. Paper presented at: 46th Annual Moyers Symposium and the 44th Annual International Conference on Craniofacial Research; March 1\u20133,","author":"Ko","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ko\n CC,\n \n \n Tanikawa\n C,\n \n \n Wu\n TH,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Machine learning in orthodontics: application review. Embracing novel technologies in dentistry and orthodontics. Paper presented at: 46th Annual Moyers Symposium and the 44th Annual International Conference on Craniofacial Research; March 1\u20133,\n 2019;\n\t\t\t\t\tAnn Arbor, Mich."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"180","article-title":"The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","unstructured":"Richmond\n S,\n \n \n Shaw\n WC,\n \n \n Roberts\n CT,\n \n \n Andrews\n M.\n \n \n The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1992;14:180\u2013187."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b14","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"70","article-title":"Stable region for maxillary dental cast superimposition in adults, studied with the aid of stable miniscrews","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen\n G,\n \n \n Chen\n S,\n \n \n Zhang\n XY,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Stable region for maxillary dental cast superimposition in adults, studied with the aid of stable miniscrews.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;14:70\u201379."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-2-144-b15","author":"Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu\n T-H,\n \n \n Lian\n C,\n \n \n Lee\n S,\n \n \n Pastewait\n M,\n \n \n Piers\n C,\n \n \n Liu\n J,\n \n \n Wang\n F,\n \n \n Li\n Wang,\n \n \n Chiu\n C-Y,\n \n \n Wang\n W,\n \n \n Jackson\n C,\n \n \n Chao\n W-L,\n \n \n Shen\n D,\n \n \n Ko\n CC.\n \n \n Two-stage mesh deep learning for automated tooth segmentation and landmark localization on 3D intraoral scans. 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