{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:18:23Z","timestamp":1784675903717,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the relation of maxillary permanent central incisor rotation with the primary palatal margin (PPM) and overjet in the mixed dentition in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (cUCLP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Dental casts and preorthodontic records taken before alveolar bone grafting were examined to exclude patients having permanent teeth distal to the cleft side maxillary central incisor (CS1) and mesial to the cleft. Maxillary central incisor rotation, the angle between PPM and midline, proximity of the lingual surface of the central incisor to PPM, and overjet were measured from standardized occlusal photographs of the dental casts of 54 children with repaired cUCLP (38 M, 16 F; aged 8.7 \u00b1 1.0 years). Descriptive analysis and correlation statistics were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Rotations were noted in 92.6% of the CS1. Their magnitude (111.2 \u00b1 24.2\u00b0) was significantly greater than the noncleft side maxillary central incisor (NCS1) rotations (76.7 \u00b1 15.7\u00b0). Rotations were predominantly distolabial for the CS1 and distopalatal for the NCS1. The PPM was located within 2 mm of the lingual surface of the CS1 in 35.2% of the sample. Severe CS1 rotation existed in 48.2% of the sample and was significantly correlated with the PPM angle (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.3;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .046) and when its proximity to the PPM was within 2 mm (\u03c6 = 0.3;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .028). Overjet was not significantly correlated with the magnitude of rotation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The angle between PPM and the midline and its proximity to CS1 are associated with the severity of CS1 rotation in repaired cUCLP. Orthodontic implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/040724-278.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T08:06:57Z","timestamp":1755158817000},"page":"60-67","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Relation of maxillary permanent central incisor rotations with the primary palatal margin and overjet in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Sunjay","family":"Suri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Director, Graduate Orthodontics; and Director, Burlington Growth Centre, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto; and Staff Orthodontist, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suteeta","family":"Disthaporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Clinical Orthodontic Fellow, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Head, Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto; and Department of Plastic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b01","series-title":"Proc Finn Dent Soc","first-page":"345","article-title":"On the development of central incisors and canines situated adjacent to the cleft in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases","volume":"67","author":"Ranta","year":"1971","unstructured":"Ranta R. On the development of central incisors and canines situated adjacent to the cleft in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases. Proc Finn Dent Soc. 1971;67:345\u2013349."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b02","series-title":"Cleft Lip and Palate","author":"Ross","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ross RB,\nJohnston MC. Cleft Lip and Palate. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1972."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b03","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"219","article-title":"Position of upper permanent central incisors prior to eruption in unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"33","author":"Smahel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Smahel Z,\nTomanov\u00e1 M,\nM\u00fcllerov\u00e1 Z. Position of upper permanent central incisors prior to eruption in unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1996;33:219\u2013224."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b04","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"154","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormalities in dental structure, position, and eruption pattern in a population of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"45","author":"Tortora","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tortora C,\nMeazzini MC,\nGarattini G,\nBrusati R. Prevalence of abnormalities in dental structure, position, and eruption pattern in a population of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2008;45:154\u2013162."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b05","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"58","article-title":"Abnormalities of maxillary anterior teeth in Chinese children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"46","author":"Lai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lai MC,\nKing NM,\nWong HM. Abnormalities of maxillary anterior teeth in Chinese children with cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2009;46:58\u201364."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"561","article-title":"The prevalence of various dental characteristics in the primary and mixed dentition in patients born with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate","volume":"34","author":"Pegelow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pegelow M,\nAlqadi N,\nKarsten AL. The prevalence of various dental characteristics in the primary and mixed dentition in patients born with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:561\u2013570."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b07","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"1695","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"24","author":"Eslami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eslami N,\nMajidi MR,\nAliakbarian M,\nHasanzadeh N. Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip and palate. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24:1695\u20131698."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b08","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"210","article-title":"Optimization of dental status improves long-term outcome after alveolar bone grafting in unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"52","author":"Jabbari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jabbari F,\nSkoog V,\nReiser E,\nHakelius M,\nNowinski D. Optimization of dental status improves long-term outcome after alveolar bone grafting in unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2015;52:210\u2013218."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b09","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"229","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in children with cleft lip and unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"16","author":"Rullo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rullo R,\nFesta VM,\nRullo R, et al. Prevalence of dental anomalies in children with cleft lip and unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2015;16:229\u2013232."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b10","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"23597","article-title":"Difference in the surgical outcome of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with and without pre-alveolar bone graft orthodontic treatment","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang C-S,\nWallace CG,\nHsiao Y-C, et al. Difference in the surgical outcome of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with and without pre-alveolar bone graft orthodontic treatment. Sci Rep. 2016;6:23597."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"567","article-title":"Permanent maxillary central incisor and first molar rotations in the mixed dentition in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and their relationship with absence of teeth in their vicinity","volume":"88","author":"Suri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suri S,\nDisthaporn S,\nRoss B, et al. Permanent maxillary central incisor and first molar rotations in the mixed dentition in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and their relationship with absence of teeth in their vicinity. Angle Orthod. 2018;88:567\u2013574."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b12","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"582","article-title":"Secondary dentition characteristics in children with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate: a retrospective study","volume":"55","author":"Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan ELY,\nKuek MC,\nWong HC,\nOng SAK,\nYow M. Secondary dentition characteristics in children with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate: a retrospective study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2018;55:582\u2013589."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b13","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"73","article-title":"Dental anomalies in permanent teeth associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in a group of Colombian children","volume":"57","author":"Yezioro-Rubinsky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yezioro-Rubinsky S,\nEslava-Schmalbach JH,\nOtero L, et al. Dental anomalies in permanent teeth associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in a group of Colombian children. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2020;57:73\u201379."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b14","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"431","article-title":"Cleft complications: severely rotated maxillary permanent central incisors","volume":"50","author":"Hameed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hameed O,\nGood S. Cleft complications: severely rotated maxillary permanent central incisors. J Orthod. 2023;50:431\u2013438."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b15","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"429","article-title":"Effects of visible and invisible orofacial defects on self-perception and adjustment across developmental eras and gender","volume":"31","author":"Broder","year":"1994","unstructured":"Broder HL,\nSmith FB,\nStrauss RP. Effects of visible and invisible orofacial defects on self-perception and adjustment across developmental eras and gender. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1994;31:429\u2013436."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b16","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"226","article-title":"Satisfaction with facial appearance among subjects affected by a cleft","volume":"34","author":"Thomas","year":"1997","unstructured":"Thomas PT,\nTurner SR,\nRumsey N,\nDowell T,\nSandy JR. Satisfaction with facial appearance among subjects affected by a cleft. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1997;34:226\u2013231."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b17","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"292","article-title":"Assessment of patients\u2019 level of satisfaction with cleft treatment using the Cleft Evaluation Profile","volume":"44","author":"Noor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Noor SN,\nMusa S. Assessment of patients\u2019 level of satisfaction with cleft treatment using the Cleft Evaluation Profile. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007;44:292\u2013303."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b18","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"837","article-title":"A histological study of tissue response to simulated cleft palate surgery at different ages in beagle dogs","volume":"36","author":"Wijdeveld","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wijdeveld MG,\nMaltha JC,\nGrupping EM,\nDe Jonge J,\nKuijpers-Jagtman AM. A histological study of tissue response to simulated cleft palate surgery at different ages in beagle dogs. Arch Oral Biol. 1991;36:837\u2013843."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b19","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"450","article-title":"Dentoalveolar growth inhibition induced by bone denudation on palates: a study of two isolated cleft palates with asymmetric scar tissue distribution","volume":"36","author":"Ishikawa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ishikawa H,\nIwasaki H,\nTsukada H,\nChu S,\nNakamura S,\nYamamoto K. Dentoalveolar growth inhibition induced by bone denudation on palates: a study of two isolated cleft palates with asymmetric scar tissue distribution. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1999;36:450\u2013456."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b20","series-title":"Ups J Med Sci","first-page":"33","article-title":"Correlations between initial cleft size and dental anomalies in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients after alveolar bone grafting","volume":"121","author":"Jabbari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jabbari F,\nReiser E,\nThor A,\nHakelius M,\nNowinski D. Correlations between initial cleft size and dental anomalies in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients after alveolar bone grafting. Ups J Med Sci. 2016;121:33\u201337."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b21","series-title":"Ann Plast Surg","first-page":"407","article-title":"Dental rotation in cleft lip","volume":"1","author":"D\u2019Ottaviano","year":"1978","unstructured":"D\u2019Ottaviano N,\nBaroudi R,\nKeppke EM. Dental rotation in cleft lip. Ann Plast Surg. 1978;1:407\u2013410."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b22","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"376","article-title":"Craniofacial morphology of adult unoperated complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"30","author":"Capelozza","year":"1993","unstructured":"Capelozza L Jr,\nTaniguchi SM,\nda Silva OG Jr. Craniofacial morphology of adult unoperated complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1993;30:376\u2013381."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b23","series-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of oral orbicular muscle deformation after cleft lip reconstruction: an ultrasound elastography study","volume":"28","author":"de Korte","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Korte CL,\nvan Hees N,\nLopata RG,\nWeijers G,\nKatsaros C,\nThijssen JM. Quantitative assessment of oral orbicular muscle deformation after cleft lip reconstruction: an ultrasound elastography study. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2009;28:1217\u20131222."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b24","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"607","article-title":"Functional outcomes of cleft lip surgery. Part II: quantification of nasolabial movement","volume":"44","author":"Trotman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Trotman CA,\nFaraway JJ,\nLosken HW,\nvan Aalst JA. Functional outcomes of cleft lip surgery. Part II: quantification of nasolabial movement. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007;44:607\u2013616."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b25","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"315","article-title":"Facial soft tissue dynamics before and after primary lip repair","volume":"50","author":"Trotman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Trotman CA,\nFaraway J,\nSoltmann R,\nHartman T,\nvan Aalst J. Facial soft tissue dynamics before and after primary lip repair. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2013;50:315\u2013322."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b26","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"791","article-title":"Comparison of alveolar bone grafting outcomes using CBCT in individuals with UCLP based on the presurgical orthodontic treatment methods","volume":"61","author":"Ko","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ko J,\nRustia S,\nAlkharafi L,\nGanguly R,\nYen SL,\nOberoi S. Comparison of alveolar bone grafting outcomes using CBCT in individuals with UCLP based on the presurgical orthodontic treatment methods. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2024;61:791\u2013800."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b01","series-title":"Proc Finn Dent Soc","first-page":"345","article-title":"On the development of central incisors and canines situated adjacent to the cleft in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases","volume":"67","author":"Ranta","year":"1971","unstructured":"Ranta R. On the development of central incisors and canines situated adjacent to the cleft in unilateral cleft lip and palate cases. Proc Finn Dent Soc. 1971;67:345\u2013349."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b02","series-title":"Cleft Lip and Palate","author":"Ross","year":"1972","unstructured":"Ross RB,\nJohnston MC. Cleft Lip and Palate. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins; 1972."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b03","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"219","article-title":"Position of upper permanent central incisors prior to eruption in unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"33","author":"Smahel","year":"1996","unstructured":"Smahel Z,\nTomanov\u00e1 M,\nM\u00fcllerov\u00e1 Z. Position of upper permanent central incisors prior to eruption in unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1996;33:219\u2013224."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b04","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"154","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormalities in dental structure, position, and eruption pattern in a population of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"45","author":"Tortora","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tortora C,\nMeazzini MC,\nGarattini G,\nBrusati R. Prevalence of abnormalities in dental structure, position, and eruption pattern in a population of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2008;45:154\u2013162."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b05","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"58","article-title":"Abnormalities of maxillary anterior teeth in Chinese children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"46","author":"Lai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lai MC,\nKing NM,\nWong HM. Abnormalities of maxillary anterior teeth in Chinese children with cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2009;46:58\u201364."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"561","article-title":"The prevalence of various dental characteristics in the primary and mixed dentition in patients born with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate","volume":"34","author":"Pegelow","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pegelow M,\nAlqadi N,\nKarsten AL. The prevalence of various dental characteristics in the primary and mixed dentition in patients born with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:561\u2013570."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b07","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"1695","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"24","author":"Eslami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eslami N,\nMajidi MR,\nAliakbarian M,\nHasanzadeh N. Prevalence of dental anomalies in patients with cleft lip and palate. J Craniofac Surg. 2013;24:1695\u20131698."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b08","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"210","article-title":"Optimization of dental status improves long-term outcome after alveolar bone grafting in unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"52","author":"Jabbari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jabbari F,\nSkoog V,\nReiser E,\nHakelius M,\nNowinski D. Optimization of dental status improves long-term outcome after alveolar bone grafting in unilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2015;52:210\u2013218."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b09","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"229","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in children with cleft lip and unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"16","author":"Rullo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rullo R,\nFesta VM,\nRullo R, et al. Prevalence of dental anomalies in children with cleft lip and unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2015;16:229\u2013232."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b10","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"23597","article-title":"Difference in the surgical outcome of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with and without pre-alveolar bone graft orthodontic treatment","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chang C-S,\nWallace CG,\nHsiao Y-C, et al. Difference in the surgical outcome of unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with and without pre-alveolar bone graft orthodontic treatment. Sci Rep. 2016;6:23597."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"567","article-title":"Permanent maxillary central incisor and first molar rotations in the mixed dentition in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and their relationship with absence of teeth in their vicinity","volume":"88","author":"Suri","year":"2018","unstructured":"Suri S,\nDisthaporn S,\nRoss B, et al. Permanent maxillary central incisor and first molar rotations in the mixed dentition in repaired complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and their relationship with absence of teeth in their vicinity. Angle Orthod. 2018;88:567\u2013574."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b12","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"582","article-title":"Secondary dentition characteristics in children with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate: a retrospective study","volume":"55","author":"Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan ELY,\nKuek MC,\nWong HC,\nOng SAK,\nYow M. Secondary dentition characteristics in children with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate: a retrospective study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2018;55:582\u2013589."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b13","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"73","article-title":"Dental anomalies in permanent teeth associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in a group of Colombian children","volume":"57","author":"Yezioro-Rubinsky","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yezioro-Rubinsky S,\nEslava-Schmalbach JH,\nOtero L, et al. Dental anomalies in permanent teeth associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in a group of Colombian children. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2020;57:73\u201379."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b14","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"431","article-title":"Cleft complications: severely rotated maxillary permanent central incisors","volume":"50","author":"Hameed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hameed O,\nGood S. Cleft complications: severely rotated maxillary permanent central incisors. J Orthod. 2023;50:431\u2013438."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b15","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"429","article-title":"Effects of visible and invisible orofacial defects on self-perception and adjustment across developmental eras and gender","volume":"31","author":"Broder","year":"1994","unstructured":"Broder HL,\nSmith FB,\nStrauss RP. Effects of visible and invisible orofacial defects on self-perception and adjustment across developmental eras and gender. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1994;31:429\u2013436."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b16","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"226","article-title":"Satisfaction with facial appearance among subjects affected by a cleft","volume":"34","author":"Thomas","year":"1997","unstructured":"Thomas PT,\nTurner SR,\nRumsey N,\nDowell T,\nSandy JR. Satisfaction with facial appearance among subjects affected by a cleft. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1997;34:226\u2013231."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b17","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"292","article-title":"Assessment of patients\u2019 level of satisfaction with cleft treatment using the Cleft Evaluation Profile","volume":"44","author":"Noor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Noor SN,\nMusa S. Assessment of patients\u2019 level of satisfaction with cleft treatment using the Cleft Evaluation Profile. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007;44:292\u2013303."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b18","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"837","article-title":"A histological study of tissue response to simulated cleft palate surgery at different ages in beagle dogs","volume":"36","author":"Wijdeveld","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wijdeveld MG,\nMaltha JC,\nGrupping EM,\nDe Jonge J,\nKuijpers-Jagtman AM. A histological study of tissue response to simulated cleft palate surgery at different ages in beagle dogs. Arch Oral Biol. 1991;36:837\u2013843."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b19","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"450","article-title":"Dentoalveolar growth inhibition induced by bone denudation on palates: a study of two isolated cleft palates with asymmetric scar tissue distribution","volume":"36","author":"Ishikawa","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ishikawa H,\nIwasaki H,\nTsukada H,\nChu S,\nNakamura S,\nYamamoto K. Dentoalveolar growth inhibition induced by bone denudation on palates: a study of two isolated cleft palates with asymmetric scar tissue distribution. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1999;36:450\u2013456."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b20","series-title":"Ups J Med Sci","first-page":"33","article-title":"Correlations between initial cleft size and dental anomalies in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients after alveolar bone grafting","volume":"121","author":"Jabbari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jabbari F,\nReiser E,\nThor A,\nHakelius M,\nNowinski D. Correlations between initial cleft size and dental anomalies in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients after alveolar bone grafting. Ups J Med Sci. 2016;121:33\u201337."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b21","series-title":"Ann Plast Surg","first-page":"407","article-title":"Dental rotation in cleft lip","volume":"1","author":"D\u2019Ottaviano","year":"1978","unstructured":"D\u2019Ottaviano N,\nBaroudi R,\nKeppke EM. Dental rotation in cleft lip. Ann Plast Surg. 1978;1:407\u2013410."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b22","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"376","article-title":"Craniofacial morphology of adult unoperated complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"30","author":"Capelozza","year":"1993","unstructured":"Capelozza L Jr,\nTaniguchi SM,\nda Silva OG Jr. Craniofacial morphology of adult unoperated complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1993;30:376\u2013381."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-1-60-b23","series-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of oral orbicular muscle deformation after cleft lip reconstruction: an ultrasound elastography study","volume":"28","author":"de Korte","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Korte CL,\nvan Hees N,\nLopata RG,\nWeijers G,\nKatsaros C,\nThijssen JM. 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