{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T01:52:24Z","timestamp":1788227544629,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To compare treatment effects of the standard and shorty Class II Carriere Motion appliances (CMAs) on adolescent patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n Fifty adolescents with Class II malocclusion formed group 1, who were treated with shorty CMA (n = 25, 12.66 \u00b1 1.05 years), and age- and sex\u2013matched group 2, who were treated with standard CMA (n = 25, 12.73 \u00b1 1.07 years). Treatment effects were analyzed by tracing with Invivo software to compare pretreatment (T1) cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images with post-CMA (T2) CBCT images. A total of 23 measurements were compared within and between groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n In groups 1 and 2, maxillary first molars showed significant distal movement from T1 to T2 (1.83 \u00b1 2.11 mm and 2.14 \u00b1 1.34 mm, respectively), with distal tipping and rotation in group 1 (6.52\u00b0 \u00b1 3.99\u00b0 and 3.15\u00b0 \u00b1 7.52\u00b0, respectively) but only distal tipping (7.03\u00b0 \u00b1 3.45\u00b0) in group 2. Similarly, in both groups, the maxillary first premolars experienced significant distal movement with distal tipping but no significant rotation. In group 1, maxillary canines did not undergo significant distal movement. In both groups 1 and 2, mandibular first molars experienced significant mesial movement (1.85 \u00b1 1.88 mm and 2.44 \u00b1 2.02 mm, respectively). Group 1 showed statistically significantly less reduction in overjet and less canine distal movement with less distal tipping than group 2 (\u03b1 < .05).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The shorty CMA achieved Class II correction similarly to the standard CMA, with less change in overjet and distal tipping movement of the maxillary canines.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/041320-295.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T23:49:57Z","timestamp":1612914597000},"page":"423-432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography comparison of shorty and standard Class II Carriere Motion appliance"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikoleta","family":"Konstantoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki Beom","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b01","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"224","article-title":"A new Class II distalizer","volume":"38","author":"Carriere","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carriere\n L.\n \n \n A new Class II distalizer.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t224\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t231."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"630","article-title":"Distal displacement of the maxilla and the upper first molar","volume":"75","author":"Baumrind","year":"1979","unstructured":"Baumrind\n S,\n \n \n Molthen\n R,\n \n \n West\n EE,\n \n \n Miller\n DM.\n \n \n Distal displacement of the maxilla and the upper first molar.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1979;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t630\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t640."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"197","article-title":"Dental and orthopedic effects of high-pull headgear in treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion","volume":"102","author":"Firouz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Firouz\n M,\n \n \n Zernik\n J,\n \n \n Nanda\n R.\n \n \n Dental and orthopedic effects of high-pull headgear in treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1992;\n\t\t\t\t\t102:\n\t\t\t\t\t197\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t205."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"40","article-title":"Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear","volume":"113","author":"Keeling","year":"1998","unstructured":"Keeling\n SD,\n \n \n Wheeler\n TT,\n \n \n King\n GJ,\n \n et al.\n \n Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1998;\n\t\t\t\t\t113:\n\t\t\t\t\t40\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t50."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b05","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"219","article-title":"Adolescent patients' experience with the Carriere distalizer appliance","volume":"14","author":"Hamilton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hamilton\n CF,\n \n \n Saltaji\n H,\n \n \n Preston\n CB,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Tabbaa\n S.\n \n \n Adolescent patients' experience with the Carriere distalizer appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Paediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t14:\n\t\t\t\t\t219\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t224."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"383","article-title":"Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review","volume":"143","author":"Janson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Janson\n G,\n \n \n Sathler\n R,\n \n \n Fernandes\n TM,\n \n \n Branco\n NC,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR.\n \n \n Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t143:\n\t\t\t\t\t383\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b07","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Unilateral application of the Carriere distalizer","volume":"45","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rodriguez\n HL.\n \n \n Unilateral application of the Carriere distalizer.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t45:\n\t\t\t\t\t177\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t180."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b08","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"367","article-title":"Nonextraction treatment of a Class II open bite in an adult patient","volume":"46","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodriguez\n HL.\n \n \n Nonextraction treatment of a Class II open bite in an adult patient.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t46(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t367\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t371."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b09","series-title":"J Clin Diagn Res.","article-title":"Intraoral approaches for maxillary molar distalization: case series","author":"Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh\n DP,\n \n \n Arora\n S,\n \n \n Yadav\n SK,\n \n \n Kedia\n NB.\n \n \n Intraoral approaches for maxillary molar distalization: case series.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Diagn Res.2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t11:ZR01\u2013ZR04."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b10","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"449","article-title":"Long-term stability of two-phase Class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance","volume":"53","author":"Balut","year":"2019","unstructured":"Balut\n N,\n \n \n Popnikolov\n P,\n \n \n Ades\n A.\n \n \n Long-term stability of two-phase Class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t53:\n\t\t\t\t\t449\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t457."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b11","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"481","article-title":"Long-term stability of two-phase class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance","volume":"53","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodriguez\n HL.\n \n \n Long-term stability of two-phase class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t53:\n\t\t\t\t\t481\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t487."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b12","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"e49","article-title":"Treatment effects of the Carri\u00e8re distalizer using lingual arch and full fixed appliances","volume":"3","author":"Sandifer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sandifer\n CL,\n \n \n English\n JD,\n \n \n Colville\n CD,\n \n \n Gallerano\n RL,\n \n \n Akyalcin\n S.\n \n \n Treatment effects of the Carri\u00e8re distalizer using lingual arch and full fixed appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tWorld J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t3:\n\t\t\t\t\te49\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te54."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b13","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"24","article-title":"Evaluating the treatment effectiveness and efficiency of Carriere distalizer: a cephalometric and study model comparison of Class II appliances","volume":"20","author":"Yin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yin\n K,\n \n \n Han\n E,\n \n \n Guo\n J,\n \n et al.\n \n Evaluating the treatment effectiveness and efficiency of Carriere distalizer: a cephalometric and study model comparison of Class II appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t20:\n\t\t\t\t\t24."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"839","article-title":"Treatment effects of the Carriere((R)) Motion 3D appliance for the correction of Class II malocclusion in adolescents","volume":"89","author":"Kim-Berman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim-Berman\n H,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr,\n \n \n Lints\n JP,\n \n \n McMullen\n C,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Treatment effects of the Carriere((R)) Motion 3D appliance for the correction of Class II malocclusion in adolescents.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t89:\n\t\t\t\t\t839\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t846."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","article-title":"The Class II Carriere Motion appliance: a 3D CBCT evaluation of the effects on the dentition","author":"Areepong","unstructured":"Areepong\n D,\n \n \n Kim\n KB,\n \n \n Oliver\n DR,\n \n \n Ueno\n H.\n \n \n The Class II Carriere Motion appliance: a 3D CBCT evaluation of the effects on the dentition.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\tIn press."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"286","article-title":"Accuracy and landmark error calculation using cone-beam computed tomography-generated cephalograms","volume":"80","author":"Grauer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grauer\n D,\n \n \n Cevidanes\n LS,\n \n \n Styner\n MA,\n \n et al.\n \n Accuracy and landmark error calculation using cone-beam computed tomography-generated cephalograms.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t80:\n\t\t\t\t\t286\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t294."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"694","article-title":"Two different applications of Class II elastics with nonextraction segmental techniques","volume":"77","author":"Uzel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Uzel\n A,\n \n \n Uzel\n I,\n \n \n Toroglu\n MS.\n \n \n Two different applications of Class II elastics with nonextraction segmental techniques.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t77:\n\t\t\t\t\t694\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t700."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1133","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with noncompliance intramaxillary appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Antonarakis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Antonarakis\n GS,\n \n \n Kiliaridis\n S.\n \n \n Maxillary molar distalization with noncompliance intramaxillary appliances in Class II malocclusion: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t78:\n\t\t\t\t\t1133\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1140."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"678","article-title":"Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients","volume":"81","author":"Franchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Giuntini\n V,\n \n et al.\n \n Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t678\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t683."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b20","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"77","article-title":"The skeletal frog appliance for maxillary molar distalization","volume":"45","author":"Ludwig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Glasl\n B,\n \n \n Kinzinger\n GS,\n \n \n Walde\n KC,\n \n \n Lisson\n JA.\n \n \n The skeletal frog appliance for maxillary molar distalization.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t45:\n\t\t\t\t\t77\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t84."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion with miniscrew implants","author":"Papadopoulos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Papadopoulos\n MA.\n \n \n Orthodontic treatment of Class II malocclusion with miniscrew implants.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t134:604 e1\u201316."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus fatigue resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics","volume":"78","author":"Jones","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones\n G,\n \n \n Buschang\n PH,\n \n \n Kim\n KB,\n \n \n Oliver\n DR.\n \n \n Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus fatigue resistant device versus intermaxillary elastics.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t78:\n\t\t\t\t\t332\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"423","article-title":"Treatment of class II malocclusions by jumping the bite with the Herbst appliance: a cephalometric investigation","volume":"76","author":"Pancherz","year":"1979","unstructured":"Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Treatment of class II malocclusions by jumping the bite with the Herbst appliance: a cephalometric investigation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1979;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t423\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t442."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b24","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"221","article-title":"PowerScope a Class II corrector: a case report","volume":"7","author":"Paulose","year":"2016","unstructured":"Paulose\n J,\n \n \n Antony\n PJ,\n \n \n Sureshkumar\n B,\n \n et al.\n \n PowerScope a Class II corrector: a case report.\n\t\t\t\t\tContemp Clin Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t7:\n\t\t\t\t\t221\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t225."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b25","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"113","article-title":"Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Zymperdikas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zymperdikas\n VF,\n \n \n Koretsi\n V,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN,\n \n \n Papadopoulos\n MA.\n \n \n Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t113\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b01","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"224","article-title":"A new Class II distalizer","volume":"38","author":"Carriere","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carriere\n L.\n \n \n A new Class II distalizer.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t224\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t231."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"630","article-title":"Distal displacement of the maxilla and the upper first molar","volume":"75","author":"Baumrind","year":"1979","unstructured":"Baumrind\n S,\n \n \n Molthen\n R,\n \n \n West\n EE,\n \n \n Miller\n DM.\n \n \n Distal displacement of the maxilla and the upper first molar.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1979;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t630\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t640."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"197","article-title":"Dental and orthopedic effects of high-pull headgear in treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion","volume":"102","author":"Firouz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Firouz\n M,\n \n \n Zernik\n J,\n \n \n Nanda\n R.\n \n \n Dental and orthopedic effects of high-pull headgear in treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1992;\n\t\t\t\t\t102:\n\t\t\t\t\t197\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t205."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"40","article-title":"Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear","volume":"113","author":"Keeling","year":"1998","unstructured":"Keeling\n SD,\n \n \n Wheeler\n TT,\n \n \n King\n GJ,\n \n et al.\n \n Anteroposterior skeletal and dental changes after early Class II treatment with bionators and headgear.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1998;\n\t\t\t\t\t113:\n\t\t\t\t\t40\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t50."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b05","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"219","article-title":"Adolescent patients' experience with the Carriere distalizer appliance","volume":"14","author":"Hamilton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hamilton\n CF,\n \n \n Saltaji\n H,\n \n \n Preston\n CB,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Tabbaa\n S.\n \n \n Adolescent patients' experience with the Carriere distalizer appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Paediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t14:\n\t\t\t\t\t219\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t224."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"383","article-title":"Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review","volume":"143","author":"Janson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Janson\n G,\n \n \n Sathler\n R,\n \n \n Fernandes\n TM,\n \n \n Branco\n NC,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR.\n \n \n Correction of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t143:\n\t\t\t\t\t383\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b07","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Unilateral application of the Carriere distalizer","volume":"45","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rodriguez\n HL.\n \n \n Unilateral application of the Carriere distalizer.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t45:\n\t\t\t\t\t177\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t180."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b08","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"367","article-title":"Nonextraction treatment of a Class II open bite in an adult patient","volume":"46","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rodriguez\n HL.\n \n \n Nonextraction treatment of a Class II open bite in an adult patient.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t46(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t367\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t371."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b09","series-title":"J Clin Diagn Res.","article-title":"Intraoral approaches for maxillary molar distalization: case series","author":"Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh\n DP,\n \n \n Arora\n S,\n \n \n Yadav\n SK,\n \n \n Kedia\n NB.\n \n \n Intraoral approaches for maxillary molar distalization: case series.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Diagn Res.2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t11:ZR01\u2013ZR04."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b10","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"449","article-title":"Long-term stability of two-phase Class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance","volume":"53","author":"Balut","year":"2019","unstructured":"Balut\n N,\n \n \n Popnikolov\n P,\n \n \n Ades\n A.\n \n \n Long-term stability of two-phase Class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t53:\n\t\t\t\t\t449\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t457."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b11","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"481","article-title":"Long-term stability of two-phase class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance","volume":"53","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodriguez\n HL.\n \n \n Long-term stability of two-phase class II treatment with the Carriere motion appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin 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comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients","volume":"81","author":"Franchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Giuntini\n V,\n \n et al.\n \n Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t678\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t683."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-4-423-b20","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"77","article-title":"The skeletal frog appliance for maxillary molar distalization","volume":"45","author":"Ludwig","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ludwig\n B,\n \n \n Glasl\n B,\n \n \n Kinzinger\n GS,\n \n \n Walde\n KC,\n \n \n Lisson\n JA.\n \n \n The skeletal frog appliance for maxillary molar distalization.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin 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