{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T16:04:30Z","timestamp":1780070670834,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To identify dentofacial anatomic traits associated with lower incisor cancellous bone thickness (LICBT) and then to assess their separate contributions and their combined contributions to the variation in LICBT.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A consecutive sample of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data taken in a university hospital within the same setting was retrospectively reviewed. Within the sample, CBCT data of 252 eligible subjects were reconstructed and measured for LICBT, facial traits, and mandibular symphyseal traits. A backward multiple linear regression was employed to explore the association between LICBT and seven representative dentofacial traits.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Four dentofacial traits (vertical facial pattern, transverse jaw relationship, lower incisor cervical diameter, and mandibular symphyseal width) were identified as significantly associated with LICBT. The combination of these four factors could predict 64.3% of variations in LICBT (adjusted\n R<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n = 0.643). Further comparison of LICBT among different transverse jaw relationships suggested that the LICBT of the normal (5.94 \u00b1 1.58 mm) group and the inferior convergent group (5.38 \u00b1 1.32 mm) were significantly larger than that of the crossbite group (4.34 \u00b1 1.27 mm) and the superior convergent group (4.53 \u00b1 1.67 mm).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The bony support of lower incisors is significantly associated with several dentofacial traits. Reduced lower incisor bony support was statistically associated with increased vertical facial pattern, transverse jaw discrepancy, thinner mandibular symphyseal width, and smaller lower incisor cervical diameter.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/041816-314.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,10]],"date-time":"2016-10-10T09:49:20Z","timestamp":1476092960000},"page":"409-415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Dentofacial traits in association with lower incisor alveolar cancellous bone thickness: A multiple regression analysis"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Xuhong","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student, Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student, Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyuan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student, Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"95","article-title":"The anterior alveolus: its importance in limiting orthodontic treatment and its influence on the occurrence of iatrogenic sequelae","volume":"66","author":"Handelman \n CS.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Handelman \n CS. \n \n \n The anterior alveolus: its importance in limiting orthodontic treatment and its influence on the occurrence of iatrogenic sequelae. Angle Orthod. 1996;66:95\u2013109."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"324","article-title":"Use of an incisor diagnostic triangle for evaluating incisor positions relative to the APo line","volume":"76","author":"Riger \n MJ.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Riger \n MJ. \n \n \n Use of an incisor diagnostic triangle for evaluating incisor positions relative to the APo line. Am J Orthod. 1979;76:324\u2013338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b03","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"33","article-title":"Lower incisor position in treatment planning","volume":"13","author":"Williams \n P.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Williams \n P. \n \n \n Lower incisor position in treatment planning. Br J Orthod. 1986;13:33\u201341."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"498","article-title":"The RP, Tuinzing DB. Alveolar and skeletal dimensions associated with lower face height","volume":"113","author":"Beckmann \n SH,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Beckmann \n SH, \n \n \n Kuitert \n RB, \n \n \n Prahl-Andersen \n B, \n \n \n Segner \n D, \n \n \n The RP, Tuinzing DB. Alveolar and skeletal dimensions associated with lower face height. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:498\u2013506."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e377","article-title":"Cross-sectional human mandibular morphology as assessed in vivo by cone-beam computed tomography in patients with different vertical facial dimensions","volume":"139","author":"Swasty \n D,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Swasty \n D, \n \n \n Lee \n J, \n \n \n Huang \n JC, \n \n et al. \n Cross-sectional human mandibular morphology as assessed in vivo by cone-beam computed tomography in patients with different vertical facial dimensions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:e377\u2013e389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"194","article-title":"Alveolar bone mapping in subjects with different vertical facial dimensions","volume":"37","author":"Sadek \n MM,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sadek \n MM, \n \n \n Sabet \n NE, \n \n \n Hassan \n IT. \n \n \n Alveolar bone mapping in subjects with different vertical facial dimensions. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:194\u2013201."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b07","series-title":"PloS One","first-page":"e81287","article-title":"Short faces, big tongues: developmental origin of the human chin","volume":"8","author":"Coquerelle \n M,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coquerelle \n M, \n \n \n Prados-Frutos \n JC, \n \n \n Rojo \n R, \n \n \n Mitteroecker \n P, \n \n \n Bastir \n M. \n \n \n Short faces, big tongues: developmental origin of the human chin. PloS One. 2013;8:e81287."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"304","article-title":"Mandibular symphysis morphology and dimensions in different anteroposterior jaw relationships","volume":"84","author":"Al-Khateeb \n SN,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Khateeb \n SN, \n \n \n Al Maaitah \n EF, \n \n \n Abu Alhaija \n ES, \n \n \n Badran \n SA. \n \n \n Mandibular symphysis morphology and dimensions in different anteroposterior jaw relationships. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:304\u2013309."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"948","article-title":"Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns","volume":"83","author":"Molina-Berlanga \n N,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Molina-Berlanga \n N, \n \n \n Llopis-Perez \n J, \n \n \n Flores-Mir \n C, \n \n \n Puigdollers \n A. \n \n \n Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:948\u2013955."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b10","series-title":"Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods","author":"Kleinbaum \n DG,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kleinbaum \n DG, \n \n \n Kupper \n LL, \n \n \n Nizam \n A, \n \n \n Rosenberg \n ES. \n \n \n Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods. Boston, Mass: Cengage Learning;2013."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b11","series-title":"Biostatistics: The Bare Essentials","author":"Norman \n GR.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Norman \n GR. \n \n \n Biostatistics: The Bare Essentials. Shelton, Conn: People's Medical Publishing House\u2013USA;2014."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"300","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography transverse analysis. Part I: normative data","volume":"142","author":"Miner \n RM,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miner \n RM, \n \n \n Al Qabandi \n S, \n \n \n Rigali \n PH, \n \n \n Will \n LA. \n \n \n Cone-beam computed tomography transverse analysis. Part I: normative data. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:300\u2013307."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"37","article-title":"Mandibular morphology and growth with and without hypodontia in subjects with Pierre Robin sequence","volume":"130","author":"Suri \n S,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suri \n S, \n \n \n Ross \n RB, \n \n \n Tompson \n BD. \n \n \n Mandibular morphology and growth with and without hypodontia in subjects with Pierre Robin sequence. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:37\u201346."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"38","article-title":"Morphological characteristics of the symphyseal region in adult skeletal Class III crossbite and openbite malocclusions","volume":"78","author":"Chung \n CJ,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chung \n CJ, \n \n \n Jung \n S, \n \n \n Baik \n HS. \n \n \n Morphological characteristics of the symphyseal region in adult skeletal Class III crossbite and openbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:38\u201343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b15","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod","first-page":"534","article-title":"Accuracy of measurements of mandibular anatomy in cone beam computed tomography images","volume":"103","author":"Ludlow \n JB,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ludlow \n JB, \n \n \n Laster \n WS, \n \n \n See \n M, \n \n \n Bailey \n LJ, \n \n \n Hershey \n HG. \n \n \n Accuracy of measurements of mandibular anatomy in cone beam computed tomography images. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;103:534\u2013542."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"150","article-title":"Linear accuracy of cone beam CT derived 3D images","volume":"79","author":"Brown \n AA,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brown \n AA, \n \n \n Scarfe \n WC, \n \n \n Scheetz \n JP, \n \n \n Silveira \n AM, \n \n \n Farman \n AG. \n \n \n Linear accuracy of cone beam CT derived 3D images. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:150\u2013157."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"17e11","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of linear cephalometric measurements from cone-beam computed tomography scans of a dry human skull","volume":"136","author":"Berco \n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Berco \n M, \n \n \n Rigali \n PH\n Jr, \n \n \n Miner \n RM, \n \n \n DeLuca \n S, \n \n \n Anderson \n NK, \n \n \n Will \n LA. \n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of linear cephalometric measurements from cone-beam computed tomography scans of a dry human skull. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:17e11\u201317e19; discussion 17\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b18","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"263","article-title":"Consistency and precision of landmark identification in three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography scans","volume":"34","author":"Schlicher \n W,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schlicher \n W, \n \n \n Nielsen \n I, \n \n \n Huang \n JC, \n \n \n Maki \n K, \n \n \n Hatcher \n DC, \n \n \n Miller \n AJ. \n \n \n Consistency and precision of landmark identification in three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography scans. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:263\u2013275."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e25","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography to detect erosions of the temporomandibular joint: effect of field of view and voxel size on diagnostic efficacy and effective dose","volume":"140","author":"Librizzi \n ZT,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Librizzi \n ZT, \n \n \n Tadinada \n AS, \n \n \n Valiyaparambil \n JV, \n \n \n Lurie \n AG, \n \n \n Mallya \n SM. \n \n \n Cone-beam computed tomography to detect erosions of the temporomandibular joint: effect of field of view and voxel size on diagnostic efficacy and effective dose. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:e25\u2013e30."},{"issue":"4 suppl","key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S109","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for measuring alveolar bone height and detecting bony dehiscences and fenestrations","volume":"137","author":"Leung \n CC,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leung \n CC, \n \n \n Palomo \n L, \n \n \n Griffith \n R, \n \n \n Hans \n MG. \n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for measuring alveolar bone height and detecting bony dehiscences and fenestrations. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137(4 suppl):S109\u2013S119."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"734","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of buccal bone height and thickness measurements from cone-beam computed tomography imaging","volume":"140","author":"Timock \n AM,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Timock \n AM, \n \n \n Cook \n V, \n \n \n McDonald \n T, \n \n et al. \n Accuracy and reliability of buccal bone height and thickness measurements from cone-beam computed tomography imaging. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:734\u2013744."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b22","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"86","article-title":"The validity of transverse intermaxillary analysis by traditional PA cephalometry compared with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"29","author":"Cheung \n G,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheung \n G, \n \n \n Goonewardene \n MS, \n \n \n Islam \n SM, \n \n \n Murray \n K, \n \n \n Koong \n B. \n \n \n The validity of transverse intermaxillary analysis by traditional PA cephalometry compared with cone-beam computed tomography. Aust Orthod J. 2013;29:86\u201395."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b23","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"715","article-title":"Comparison of transverse analysis between posteroanterior cephalogram and cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"84","author":"Lee \n KM,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee \n KM, \n \n \n Hwang \n HS, \n \n \n Cho \n JH. \n \n \n Comparison of transverse analysis between posteroanterior cephalogram and cone-beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:715\u2013719."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b24","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"132","article-title":"The reliability of using postero-anterior cephalometry and cone-beam CT to determine transverse dimensions in clinical practice","volume":"30","author":"Tai \n B,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tai \n B, \n \n \n Goonewardene \n MS, \n \n \n Murray \n K, \n \n \n Koong \n B, \n \n \n Islam \n SM. \n \n \n The reliability of using postero-anterior cephalometry and cone-beam CT to determine transverse dimensions in clinical practice. Aust Orthod J. 2014;30:132\u2013142."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"95","article-title":"The anterior alveolus: its importance in limiting orthodontic treatment and its influence on the occurrence of iatrogenic sequelae","volume":"66","author":"Handelman \n CS.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Handelman \n CS. \n \n \n The anterior alveolus: its importance in limiting orthodontic treatment and its influence on the occurrence of iatrogenic sequelae. Angle Orthod. 1996;66:95\u2013109."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"324","article-title":"Use of an incisor diagnostic triangle for evaluating incisor positions relative to the APo line","volume":"76","author":"Riger \n MJ.","year":"1979","unstructured":"Riger \n MJ. \n \n \n Use of an incisor diagnostic triangle for evaluating incisor positions relative to the APo line. Am J Orthod. 1979;76:324\u2013338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b03","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"33","article-title":"Lower incisor position in treatment planning","volume":"13","author":"Williams \n P.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Williams \n P. \n \n \n Lower incisor position in treatment planning. Br J Orthod. 1986;13:33\u201341."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"498","article-title":"The RP, Tuinzing DB. Alveolar and skeletal dimensions associated with lower face height","volume":"113","author":"Beckmann \n SH,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Beckmann \n SH, \n \n \n Kuitert \n RB, \n \n \n Prahl-Andersen \n B, \n \n \n Segner \n D, \n \n \n The RP, Tuinzing DB. Alveolar and skeletal dimensions associated with lower face height. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;113:498\u2013506."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e377","article-title":"Cross-sectional human mandibular morphology as assessed in vivo by cone-beam computed tomography in patients with different vertical facial dimensions","volume":"139","author":"Swasty \n D,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Swasty \n D, \n \n \n Lee \n J, \n \n \n Huang \n JC, \n \n et al. \n Cross-sectional human mandibular morphology as assessed in vivo by cone-beam computed tomography in patients with different vertical facial dimensions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:e377\u2013e389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"194","article-title":"Alveolar bone mapping in subjects with different vertical facial dimensions","volume":"37","author":"Sadek \n MM,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sadek \n MM, \n \n \n Sabet \n NE, \n \n \n Hassan \n IT. \n \n \n Alveolar bone mapping in subjects with different vertical facial dimensions. Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:194\u2013201."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b07","series-title":"PloS One","first-page":"e81287","article-title":"Short faces, big tongues: developmental origin of the human chin","volume":"8","author":"Coquerelle \n M,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coquerelle \n M, \n \n \n Prados-Frutos \n JC, \n \n \n Rojo \n R, \n \n \n Mitteroecker \n P, \n \n \n Bastir \n M. \n \n \n Short faces, big tongues: developmental origin of the human chin. PloS One. 2013;8:e81287."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"304","article-title":"Mandibular symphysis morphology and dimensions in different anteroposterior jaw relationships","volume":"84","author":"Al-Khateeb \n SN,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al-Khateeb \n SN, \n \n \n Al Maaitah \n EF, \n \n \n Abu Alhaija \n ES, \n \n \n Badran \n SA. \n \n \n Mandibular symphysis morphology and dimensions in different anteroposterior jaw relationships. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:304\u2013309."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"948","article-title":"Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns","volume":"83","author":"Molina-Berlanga \n N,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Molina-Berlanga \n N, \n \n \n Llopis-Perez \n J, \n \n \n Flores-Mir \n C, \n \n \n Puigdollers \n A. \n \n \n Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:948\u2013955."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b10","series-title":"Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods","author":"Kleinbaum \n DG,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kleinbaum \n DG, \n \n \n Kupper \n LL, \n \n \n Nizam \n A, \n \n \n Rosenberg \n ES. \n \n \n Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods. Boston, Mass: Cengage Learning;2013."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b11","series-title":"Biostatistics: The Bare Essentials","author":"Norman \n GR.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Norman \n GR. \n \n \n Biostatistics: The Bare Essentials. Shelton, Conn: People's Medical Publishing House\u2013USA;2014."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"300","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography transverse analysis. Part I: normative data","volume":"142","author":"Miner \n RM,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miner \n RM, \n \n \n Al Qabandi \n S, \n \n \n Rigali \n PH, \n \n \n Will \n LA. \n \n \n Cone-beam computed tomography transverse analysis. Part I: normative data. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:300\u2013307."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"37","article-title":"Mandibular morphology and growth with and without hypodontia in subjects with Pierre Robin sequence","volume":"130","author":"Suri \n S,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Suri \n S, \n \n \n Ross \n RB, \n \n \n Tompson \n BD. \n \n \n Mandibular morphology and growth with and without hypodontia in subjects with Pierre Robin sequence. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:37\u201346."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"38","article-title":"Morphological characteristics of the symphyseal region in adult skeletal Class III crossbite and openbite malocclusions","volume":"78","author":"Chung \n CJ,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chung \n CJ, \n \n \n Jung \n S, \n \n \n Baik \n HS. \n \n \n Morphological characteristics of the symphyseal region in adult skeletal Class III crossbite and openbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:38\u201343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b15","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod","first-page":"534","article-title":"Accuracy of measurements of mandibular anatomy in cone beam computed tomography images","volume":"103","author":"Ludlow \n JB,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ludlow \n JB, \n \n \n Laster \n WS, \n \n \n See \n M, \n \n \n Bailey \n LJ, \n \n \n Hershey \n HG. \n \n \n Accuracy of measurements of mandibular anatomy in cone beam computed tomography images. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007;103:534\u2013542."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"150","article-title":"Linear accuracy of cone beam CT derived 3D images","volume":"79","author":"Brown \n AA,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Brown \n AA, \n \n \n Scarfe \n WC, \n \n \n Scheetz \n JP, \n \n \n Silveira \n AM, \n \n \n Farman \n AG. \n \n \n Linear accuracy of cone beam CT derived 3D images. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:150\u2013157."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"17e11","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of linear cephalometric measurements from cone-beam computed tomography scans of a dry human skull","volume":"136","author":"Berco \n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Berco \n M, \n \n \n Rigali \n PH\n Jr, \n \n \n Miner \n RM, \n \n \n DeLuca \n S, \n \n \n Anderson \n NK, \n \n \n Will \n LA. \n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of linear cephalometric measurements from cone-beam computed tomography scans of a dry human skull. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:17e11\u201317e19; discussion 17\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-409-b18","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"263","article-title":"Consistency and precision of landmark identification in three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography scans","volume":"34","author":"Schlicher \n W,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schlicher \n W, \n \n \n Nielsen \n I, \n \n \n Huang \n JC, \n \n \n Maki \n K, \n \n \n Hatcher \n DC, \n \n \n Miller \n AJ. \n \n \n Consistency and precision of landmark identification in three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography scans. 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