{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:51:46Z","timestamp":1787025106622,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To compare soft and hard tissue responses based on the degree of maxillary incisor retraction using maximum anchorage in patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This retrospective study sample was divided into moderate retraction (&lt;8.0 mm; n = 28) and maximum retraction (\u22658.0 mm; n = 29) groups based on the amount of maxillary incisor retraction after extraction of the maxillary and mandibular first premolars for camouflage treatment. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    There were 2.3 mm and 3.0 mm of upper and lower lip retraction, respectively, in the moderate group; and 4.0 mm and 5.3 mm, respectively, in the maximum group. In the moderate group, the upper lip was most influenced by posterior movement of the cervical point of the maxillary incisor (\u03b2 = 0.94). The lower lip was most influenced by posterior movement of B-point (\u03b2 = 0.84) and the cervical point of the mandibular incisor (\u03b2 = 0.83). Prediction was difficult in the maximum group; no variable showed a significant influence on upper lip changes. The lower lip was highly influenced by posterior movement of the cervical point of the maxillary incisor (\u03b2 = 0.50), but this correlation was weak in the maximum group.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Posterior movement of the cervical point of the anterior teeth is necessary for increased lip retraction. However, periodic evaluation of the lip profile is needed during maximum retraction of the anterior teeth because of limitations in predicting soft tissue responses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/042516-332.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,21]],"date-time":"2016-10-21T16:14:03Z","timestamp":1477066443000},"page":"230-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Unpredictability of soft tissue changes after camouflage treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusion with maximum anterior retraction using miniscrews"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Kayoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Hwan","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun-Hee","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Researcher, Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon-Jeong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Ju","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Yul","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"795","article-title":"Measurement of three-dimensional perioral soft tissue changes in dentoalveolar protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment using a structured light scanner","volume":"84","author":"Ahn \n              HW,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahn \n              HW, \n            \n            \n              Chang \n              YJ, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              KA, \n            \n            \n              Joo \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Park \n              YG, \n            \n            \n              Park \n              KH. \n            \n          \n          Measurement of three-dimensional perioral soft tissue changes in dentoalveolar protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment using a structured light scanner. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:795\u2013802."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b02","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"65","article-title":"Soft tissue profile change prediction in maxillary incisor retraction based on cephalometrics","volume":"27","author":"Choi \n              JH,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Choi \n              JH, \n            \n            \n              Lee \n              JW, \n            \n            \n              Cha \n              KS. \n            \n          \n          Soft tissue profile change prediction in maxillary incisor retraction based on cephalometrics. Korean J Orthod. 1997;27:65\u201378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"413","article-title":"Prediction of lip response to four first premolar extractions in white female adolescents and adults","volume":"79","author":"Hodges \n              A,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hodges \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Rossouw \n              PE, \n            \n            \n              Campbell \n              PM, \n            \n            \n              Boley \n              JC, \n            \n            \n              Alexander \n              RA, \n            \n            \n              Buschang \n              PH. \n            \n          \n          Prediction of lip response to four first premolar extractions in white female adolescents and adults. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:413\u2013421."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"419","article-title":"Effects of retraction of anterior teeth and initial soft tissue variables on lip changes in Japanese adults","volume":"33","author":"Hayashida \n              H,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hayashida \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Ioi \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Nakata \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Takahashi \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Counts \n              AL. \n            \n          \n          Effects of retraction of anterior teeth and initial soft tissue variables on lip changes in Japanese adults. Eur J Orthod. 2011;33:419\u2013426."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b05","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"281","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of upper lip positional changes according to simulated maxillary anterior tooth movements by white light scanning","volume":"44","author":"Kim \n              HH,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim \n              HH, \n            \n            \n              Lee \n              JW, \n            \n            \n              Cha \n              KS, \n            \n            \n              Chung \n              DH, \n            \n            \n              Lee \n              SM. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional assessment of upper lip positional changes according to simulated maxillary anterior tooth movements by white light scanning. Korean J Orthod. 2014;44:281\u2013293."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"302","article-title":"Class II malocclusion treated with miniscrew anchorage: comparison with traditional orthodontic mechanics outcomes","volume":"135","author":"Kuroda \n              S,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kuroda \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Yamada \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Deguchi \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Kyung \n              HM, \n            \n            \n              Takano-Yamamoto \n              T. \n            \n          \n          Class II malocclusion treated with miniscrew anchorage: comparison with traditional orthodontic mechanics outcomes. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:302\u2013309."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"207","article-title":"Apical root resorption in orthodontic patients with en-masse maxillary anterior retraction and intrusion with miniscrews","volume":"137","author":"Liou \n              EJ,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liou \n              EJ, \n            \n            \n              Chang \n              PM. \n            \n          \n          Apical root resorption in orthodontic patients with en-masse maxillary anterior retraction and intrusion with miniscrews. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:207\u2013212."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"218","article-title":"Three-dimensional soft-tissue and hard-tissue changes in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion","volume":"144","author":"Solem \n              RC,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Solem \n              RC, \n            \n            \n              Marasco \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Guiterrez-Pulido \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Nielsen \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Nelson \n              G. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional soft-tissue and hard-tissue changes in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;144:218\u2013228."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"421","article-title":"Proportional profile changes concurrent with orthodontic therapy","volume":"50","author":"Rudee \n              DA.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Rudee \n              DA. \n            \n          \n          Proportional profile changes concurrent with orthodontic therapy. Am J Orthod. 1964;50:421\u2013434."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"59","article-title":"Soft tissue changes after upper premolar extraction in Class II camouflage therapy","volume":"76","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scott Conley R, Jernigan C. Soft tissue changes after upper premolar extraction in Class II camouflage therapy. Angle Orthod. 2006;76:59\u201365."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"385","article-title":"Soft-tissue profile changes resulting from retraction of maxillary incisors","volume":"91","author":"Talass \n              MF,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Talass \n              MF, \n            \n            \n              Talass \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Baker \n              RC. \n            \n          \n          Soft-tissue profile changes resulting from retraction of maxillary incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987;91:385\u2013394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"208","article-title":"Long-term profile changes associated with successfully treated extraction and nonextraction Class II Division 1 malocclusions","volume":"70","author":"Zierhut \n              EC,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zierhut \n              EC, \n            \n            \n              Joondeph \n              DR, \n            \n            \n              Artun \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Little \n              RM. \n            \n          \n          Long-term profile changes associated with successfully treated extraction and nonextraction Class II Division 1 malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 2000;70:208\u2013219."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"499","article-title":"Pinto Ados S, Bowman SJ. Upper lip changes correlated to maxillary incisor retraction\u2014a metallic implant study","volume":"75","author":"Ramos \n              AL,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramos \n              AL, \n            \n            \n              Sakima \n              MT, \n            \n          \n          Pinto Ados S, Bowman SJ. Upper lip changes correlated to maxillary incisor retraction\u2014a metallic implant study. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:499\u2013505."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"The influence of extraction treatment on Holdaway soft-tissue measurements","volume":"74","author":"Basciftci \n              FA,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Basciftci \n              FA, \n            \n            \n              Uysal \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Buyukerkmen \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Demir \n              A. \n            \n          \n          The influence of extraction treatment on Holdaway soft-tissue measurements. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:167\u2013173."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"795","article-title":"Measurement of three-dimensional perioral soft tissue changes in dentoalveolar protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment using a structured light scanner","volume":"84","author":"Ahn \n              HW,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahn \n              HW, \n            \n            \n              Chang \n              YJ, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              KA, \n            \n            \n              Joo \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Park \n              YG, \n            \n            \n              Park \n              KH. \n            \n          \n          Measurement of three-dimensional perioral soft tissue changes in dentoalveolar protrusion patients after orthodontic treatment using a structured light scanner. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:795\u2013802."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b02","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"65","article-title":"Soft tissue profile change prediction in maxillary incisor retraction based on cephalometrics","volume":"27","author":"Choi \n              JH,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Choi \n              JH, \n            \n            \n              Lee \n              JW, \n            \n            \n              Cha \n              KS. \n            \n          \n          Soft tissue profile change prediction in maxillary incisor retraction based on cephalometrics. Korean J Orthod. 1997;27:65\u201378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"413","article-title":"Prediction of lip response to four first premolar extractions in white female adolescents and adults","volume":"79","author":"Hodges \n              A,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hodges \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Rossouw \n              PE, \n            \n            \n              Campbell \n              PM, \n            \n            \n              Boley \n              JC, \n            \n            \n              Alexander \n              RA, \n            \n            \n              Buschang \n              PH. \n            \n          \n          Prediction of lip response to four first premolar extractions in white female adolescents and adults. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:413\u2013421."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"419","article-title":"Effects of retraction of anterior teeth and initial soft tissue variables on lip changes in Japanese adults","volume":"33","author":"Hayashida \n              H,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hayashida \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Ioi \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Nakata \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Takahashi \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Counts \n              AL. \n            \n          \n          Effects of retraction of anterior teeth and initial soft tissue variables on lip changes in Japanese adults. Eur J Orthod. 2011;33:419\u2013426."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b05","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"281","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of upper lip positional changes according to simulated maxillary anterior tooth movements by white light scanning","volume":"44","author":"Kim \n              HH,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim \n              HH, \n            \n            \n              Lee \n              JW, \n            \n            \n              Cha \n              KS, \n            \n            \n              Chung \n              DH, \n            \n            \n              Lee \n              SM. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional assessment of upper lip positional changes according to simulated maxillary anterior tooth movements by white light scanning. Korean J Orthod. 2014;44:281\u2013293."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"302","article-title":"Class II malocclusion treated with miniscrew anchorage: comparison with traditional orthodontic mechanics outcomes","volume":"135","author":"Kuroda \n              S,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kuroda \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Yamada \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Deguchi \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Kyung \n              HM, \n            \n            \n              Takano-Yamamoto \n              T. \n            \n          \n          Class II malocclusion treated with miniscrew anchorage: comparison with traditional orthodontic mechanics outcomes. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:302\u2013309."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"207","article-title":"Apical root resorption in orthodontic patients with en-masse maxillary anterior retraction and intrusion with miniscrews","volume":"137","author":"Liou \n              EJ,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liou \n              EJ, \n            \n            \n              Chang \n              PM. \n            \n          \n          Apical root resorption in orthodontic patients with en-masse maxillary anterior retraction and intrusion with miniscrews. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:207\u2013212."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"218","article-title":"Three-dimensional soft-tissue and hard-tissue changes in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion","volume":"144","author":"Solem \n              RC,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Solem \n              RC, \n            \n            \n              Marasco \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Guiterrez-Pulido \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Nielsen \n              I, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              SH, \n            \n            \n              Nelson \n              G. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional soft-tissue and hard-tissue changes in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;144:218\u2013228."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"421","article-title":"Proportional profile changes concurrent with orthodontic therapy","volume":"50","author":"Rudee \n              DA.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Rudee \n              DA. \n            \n          \n          Proportional profile changes concurrent with orthodontic therapy. Am J Orthod. 1964;50:421\u2013434."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"59","article-title":"Soft tissue changes after upper premolar extraction in Class II camouflage therapy","volume":"76","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scott Conley R, Jernigan C. Soft tissue changes after upper premolar extraction in Class II camouflage therapy. Angle Orthod. 2006;76:59\u201365."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"385","article-title":"Soft-tissue profile changes resulting from retraction of maxillary incisors","volume":"91","author":"Talass \n              MF,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Talass \n              MF, \n            \n            \n              Talass \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Baker \n              RC. \n            \n          \n          Soft-tissue profile changes resulting from retraction of maxillary incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987;91:385\u2013394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"208","article-title":"Long-term profile changes associated with successfully treated extraction and nonextraction Class II Division 1 malocclusions","volume":"70","author":"Zierhut \n              EC,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zierhut \n              EC, \n            \n            \n              Joondeph \n              DR, \n            \n            \n              Artun \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Little \n              RM. \n            \n          \n          Long-term profile changes associated with successfully treated extraction and nonextraction Class II Division 1 malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 2000;70:208\u2013219."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"499","article-title":"Pinto Ados S, Bowman SJ. Upper lip changes correlated to maxillary incisor retraction\u2014a metallic implant study","volume":"75","author":"Ramos \n              AL,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramos \n              AL, \n            \n            \n              Sakima \n              MT, \n            \n          \n          Pinto Ados S, Bowman SJ. Upper lip changes correlated to maxillary incisor retraction\u2014a metallic implant study. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:499\u2013505."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-2-230-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"The influence of extraction treatment on Holdaway soft-tissue measurements","volume":"74","author":"Basciftci \n              FA,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Basciftci \n              FA, \n            \n            \n              Uysal \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Buyukerkmen \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Demir \n              A. \n            \n          \n          The influence of extraction treatment on Holdaway soft-tissue measurements. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:167\u2013173."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/87\/2\/article-p230.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/87\/2\/230\/1392326\/042516-332_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/87\/2\/article-p230.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/87\/2\/article-p230.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:18:13Z","timestamp":1780067893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/87\/2\/article-p230.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/042516-332.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}}}