{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:05:39Z","timestamp":1780067139290,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To compare two different therapeutic approaches for skeletal Class II patients with temporomandibular degenerative joint disease.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n A total of 47 patients were included in this study. Group anterior repositioning splint (ARS) was treated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc surgery followed by an ARS and camouflage orthodontic treatment. Group stabilization splint (SS) was treated with an SS followed by orthodontic treatment combined with orthognathic surgery. Cephalometric analysis of lateral radiographs and measurements of condylar height were evaluated before and after splints.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In group ARS, mandibular advancement was observed after treatment in 21 of 24 patients (87.5%). The SNB angle increased by an average of 1.40 \u00b1 1.01\u00b0. The ANB angle, overjet, Wits, and convexity decreased. Facial angle and soft tissue N Vert to pogonion increased. Vertically, MP-FH, MP-SN, y-axis, and vertical ratio decreased and ANS-Me\/N-Me and S-Go\/N-Me increased, suggesting a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. In group SS, 18 of 23 patients (78.3%) showed a backward change tendency. The SNB angle reduced by 0.90 \u00b1 0.93\u00b0. The ANB angle, overjet, Wits, convexity, and y-axis increased. The facial angle and soft tissue N Vert to soft tissue pogonion (ST N Vert to ST pogonion) decreased. Magnetic resonance imaging showed condylar height increased by 1.45 \u00b1 3.05 mm (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .002) in group ARS. In group SS, condylar height change was not consistent.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n TMJ disc surgery followed by ARS promoted condylar bone remodeling and regeneration. The SNB angle increased, and the severity of skeletal Class II was improved. The SS enabled the mandible to withdraw backward and revealed a retrognathic but true mandible position.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/042822-321.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T12:07:10Z","timestamp":1665576430000},"page":"49-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of two different therapeutic approaches for skeletal Class II patients with temporomandibular degenerative joint disease"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Xueyan","family":"Qin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ni","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b01","series-title":"J Oral Facial Pain Headache","first-page":"440","article-title":"Malocclusion and temporomandibular disorders: verification of the controversy","volume":"33","author":"Aboalnaga","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aboalnaga\n AA,\n \n \n 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Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"1042","article-title":"Effectiveness of occlusal splint therapy in the management of temporomandibular disorders: network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"49","author":"Al-Moraissi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al-Moraissi\n EA,\n \n \n Farea\n R,\n \n \n Qasem\n KA,\n \n \n Al-Wadeai\n MS,\n \n \n Al-Sabahi\n ME,\n \n \n Al-Iryani\n GM.\n \n \n Effectiveness of occlusal splint therapy in the management of temporomandibular disorders: network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Oral Maxillofac Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t49(8):\n\t\t\t\t\t1042\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1056."},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b15","series-title":"Cranio","first-page":"424","article-title":"Effect of the use of stabilization splint on masticatory muscle activities in TMD patients with centric relation-maximum intercuspation discrepancy and absence of anterior\/lateral 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anterior disc displacement in juvenile patients with Class II malocclusion","volume":"47","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu\n H,\n \n \n He\n D,\n \n \n Yang\n Z,\n \n \n Song\n X,\n \n \n Ellis\n E\n 3rd.\n \n \n The effect of disc repositioning and post-operative functional splint for the treatment of anterior disc displacement in juvenile patients with Class II malocclusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Craniomaxillofac Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t47(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t66\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t72."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b29","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"5219","article-title":"The magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of condylar new bone remodeling after Yang's TMJ arthroscopic surgery","volume":"11","author":"Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong\n M,\n \n \n Jiao\n Z,\n \n \n Sun\n Q,\n \n \n Tao\n X,\n \n \n Yang\n C,\n \n \n Qiu\n W.\n \n \n The magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of condylar new bone remodeling after Yang's TMJ arthroscopic 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MO:\n\t\t\t\t\tMosby,\n\t\t\t\t\t2012."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Pain","first-page":"232","article-title":"Epidemiology and treatment need for temporomandibular disorders","volume":"13","author":"Carlsson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Carlsson\n GE.\n \n \n Epidemiology and treatment need for temporomandibular disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Pain.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t13:\n\t\t\t\t\t232\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t237."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b06","series-title":"J Orofac Pain","first-page":"310","article-title":"A longitudinal epidemiologic study of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders from 15 to 35 years of age","volume":"14","author":"Magnusson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Magnusson\n T,\n \n \n Egermark\n I,\n \n \n Carlsson\n GE.\n \n \n A longitudinal epidemiologic study of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders from 15 to 35 years of age.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac 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10.1080\/00016357.2022.2036364"},{"issue":"(10)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b10","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0139743","article-title":"Cephalometric analysis of the facial skeletal morphology of female patients exhibiting skeletal Class II deformity with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen\n S,\n \n \n Lei\n J,\n \n \n Fu\n KY,\n \n \n Wang\n X,\n \n \n Yi\n B.\n \n \n Cephalometric analysis of the facial skeletal morphology of female patients exhibiting skeletal Class II deformity with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis.\n\t\t\t\t\tPLoS One.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t10(10):\n\t\t\t\t\te0139743."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b11","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"690","article-title":"The prevalence of TMJ osteoarthritis in asymptomatic patients with dentofacial deformities: a cone-beam CT study","volume":"41","author":"Krisjane","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krisjane\n Z,\n \n \n Urtane\n I,\n \n \n Krumina\n G,\n \n \n Neimane\n L,\n \n \n Ragovska\n I.\n \n \n The prevalence of TMJ osteoarthritis in asymptomatic patients with dentofacial deformities: a cone-beam CT study.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Oral Maxillofac Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t41(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t690\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t695."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b12","series-title":"J Electromyogr Kinesiol","first-page":"169","article-title":"Thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine sagittal alignment and cranio-mandibular morphology in adolescents","volume":"48","author":"Piancino","year":"2019","unstructured":"Piancino\n MG,\n \n \n Dalmasso\n P,\n \n \n Borello\n F,\n \n et al.\n \n Thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine sagittal alignment and cranio-mandibular morphology in adolescents.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Electromyogr 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adults with early-stage degenerative temporomandibular joint disease: a randomised controlled study","volume":"46","author":"Lei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lei\n J,\n \n \n Yap\n AU,\n \n \n Liu\n MQ,\n \n \n Fu\n KY.\n \n \n Condylar repair and regeneration in adolescents\/young adults with early-stage degenerative temporomandibular joint disease: a randomised controlled study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Oral Rehabil.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t46(8):\n\t\t\t\t\t704\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t714."},{"issue":"(9)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b23","series-title":"J Oral Rehabil","first-page":"664","article-title":"Physiological effects of anterior repositioning splint on temporomandibular joint disc displacement: a quantitative analysis","volume":"44","author":"Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen\n HM,\n \n \n Liu\n MQ,\n \n \n Yap\n AU,\n \n \n Fu\n KY.\n \n \n Physiological effects of anterior repositioning splint on temporomandibular joint disc displacement: a quantitative analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ 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after arthroscopic disk repositioning in adolescent anterior disk displacement with mandibular retrusion","volume":"130","author":"Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu\n Z,\n \n \n Xie\n Q,\n \n \n Yang\n C,\n \n et al.\n \n Functional orthodontics after arthroscopic disk repositioning in adolescent anterior disk displacement with mandibular retrusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tOral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t130(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t357\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t362."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-49-b28","series-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg","first-page":"66","article-title":"The effect of disc repositioning and post-operative functional splint for the treatment of anterior disc displacement in juvenile patients with Class II malocclusion","volume":"47","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhu\n H,\n \n \n He\n D,\n \n \n Yang\n Z,\n \n \n Song\n X,\n \n \n Ellis\n E\n 3rd.\n \n \n The effect of disc repositioning and post-operative functional splint 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