{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T21:46:11Z","timestamp":1793051171631,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between dental malocclusion and speech to understand the etiology of speech sound disorders (SSD) in schoolchildren and to make a correct diagnosis and treatment plan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Articulation and dental occlusion, oromyofunctional evaluation with orofacial praxis and musculature, resting tongue position, and swallowing pattern were analyzed in 290 schoolchildren between the ages of 4 and 7 years. Statistical tests were considered significant for\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A significant association between dental malocclusions (Angle Class II and III, anterior open bite, edge-to-edge bite, overjet and anterior crossbite) and phonetic alterations (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .008) was observed. Sigmatisms and rhotacisms were the most frequent disorders. Malocclusions also showed a significant association with oral habits and with orofacial praxis and muscle activity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The presence of malocclusion can cause imbalances in the functions involved in the stomatognathic system. Awareness of this relationship in young children would help professionals to implement preventive measures for the optimum development of children's oral health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/043021-342.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T15:18:17Z","timestamp":1647011897000},"page":"505-511","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Association between malocclusion and articulation of phonemes in early childhood"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Omaya","family":"Amr-Rey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purificaci\u00f3n","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Salvador-Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Cibri\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Paredes-Gallardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b01","unstructured":"American Speech-Language Hearing Association ASHA (2021).\n          Available at: https:\/\/www.asha.org\/Practice-Portal\/Clinical-Topics\/Articulation-and-Phonology\/. Accessed January 18, 2021."},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b02","series-title":"J Appl Oral Sci Rev FOB","first-page":"493","article-title":"Speech evaluation in children with temporomandibular disorders","volume":"19","author":"Pizolato","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pizolato\n              RA,\n            \n            \n              Fernandes\n              FS de F,\n            \n            \n              Gavi\u00e3o\n              MBD.\n            \n          \n          Speech evaluation in children with temporomandibular disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Appl Oral Sci Rev FOB.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t19(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t493\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t499.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/S1678-77572011000500010"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"54","article-title":"Appraisal of speech defects in dental anomalies with reference to speech improvement","volume":"29","author":"Rathbone","year":"1959","unstructured":"Rathbone\n              JS,\n            \n            \n              Snidecor\n              JC.\n            \n          \n          Appraisal of speech defects in dental anomalies with reference to speech improvement.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1959;\n\t\t\t\t\t29(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t54\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t59.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1959)029<0054:AOSDID>2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"144","article-title":"Associations between articulatory disorders in speech and occlusal anomalies","volume":"9","author":"Laine","year":"1987","unstructured":"Laine\n              T.\n            \n          \n          Associations between articulatory disorders in speech and occlusal anomalies.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1987;\n\t\t\t\t\t9(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t144\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t150.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1093\/ejo\/9.2.144"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"462","article-title":"Interrelation between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition","volume":"68","author":"Grabowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grabowski\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Kundt\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Stahl\n              F.\n            \n          \n          Interrelation between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t68:\n\t\t\t\t\t462\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t476.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1007\/s00056-007-0717-y"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b06","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"13","article-title":"Correlations between malocclusions and dyslalias","volume":"13","author":"Farronato","year":"2012","unstructured":"Farronato\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Giannini\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Riva\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Galbiati\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Maspero\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Correlations between malocclusions and dyslalias.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Paediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t13(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t13\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t18."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"10","article-title":"A radiographic study of tongue posture at rest and during the phonation of \/s\/ in class III malocclusion","volume":"48","author":"Guay","year":"1978","unstructured":"Guay\n              AH,\n            \n            \n              Maxwell\n              DL,\n            \n            \n              Beecher\n              R.\n            \n          \n          A radiographic study of tongue posture at rest and during the phonation of \/s\/ in class III malocclusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1978;\n\t\t\t\t\t48:\n\t\t\t\t\t10\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t22."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b08","series-title":"Int J Orofac Myology","first-page":"20","article-title":"Relationship between malocclusion and fonoarticulatory disorders","volume":"24","author":"Farret","year":"1998","unstructured":"Farret\n              MM,\n            \n            \n              Jurach\n              EM,\n            \n            \n              Brand\u00e3o\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Moraes\n              DC,\n            \n            \n              Brand\u00e3o\n              SR,\n            \n            \n              Santos\n              SL.\n            \n          \n          Relationship between malocclusion and fonoarticulatory disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Orofac Myology.\n\t\t\t\t\t1998;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t20\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t26."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b09","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"1200","article-title":"Speech defect associated with Class III jaw relationship","volume":"99","author":"Taher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taher\n              A.\n            \n          \n          Speech defect associated with Class III jaw relationship.\n\t\t\t\t\tPlast Reconstr Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t1997;\n\t\t\t\t\t99(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t1200."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b10","series-title":"J Oral Med","first-page":"47","article-title":"The relationship of malocclusion and faulty speech articulation","volume":"22","author":"Lubit","year":"1967","unstructured":"Lubit\n              EC.\n            \n          \n          The relationship of malocclusion and faulty speech articulation.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Oral Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t1967;\n\t\t\t\t\t22(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t47\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t55."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b11","series-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent","first-page":"33","article-title":"Relationship of tongue-thrust swallowing and anterior open bite with articulation disorders: a clinical study","volume":"17","author":"Khinda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Khinda\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Grewal\n              N.\n            \n          \n          Relationship of tongue-thrust swallowing and anterior open bite with articulation disorders: a clinical study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t17(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t33\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t39."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b12","series-title":"Braz Oral Res","first-page":"247","article-title":"Vertical interincisal trespass assessment in children with speech disorders","volume":"22","author":"Sahad M de G,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sahad M de G,\n              Nah\u00e1s ACR,\n            \n            \n              Scavone-Junior\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Jabur\n              LB,\n            \n            \n              Guedes-Pinto\n              E.\n            \n          \n          Vertical interincisal trespass assessment in children with speech disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tBraz Oral Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t22(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t247\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t251.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/S1806-83242008000300010"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b13","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"77","article-title":"Prevalence of dyslalias in 8 to 16 year-old students with anterior open bite in the municipality of Envigado, Colombia","volume":"15","author":"Ocampo-Parra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ocampo-Parra\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Escobar-Toro\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Sierra-Alzate\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Rueda\n              ZV,\n            \n            \n              Lema\n              MC.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence of dyslalias in 8 to 16 year-old students with anterior open bite in the municipality of Envigado, Colombia.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t15:\n\t\t\t\t\t77.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1186\/s12903-015-0063-1"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b14","series-title":"Fono Rev Atualizacao Cient","first-page":"293","article-title":"[Etiological aspects of anterior open bite and its implications to the oral functions]","volume":"17","author":"Maciel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maciel\n              CTV,\n            \n            \n              Leite\n              ICG.\n            \n          \n          [Etiological aspects of anterior open bite and its implications to the oral functions].\n\t\t\t\t\tFono Rev Atualizacao Cient.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t17(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t293\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t302.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/s0104-56872005000300003"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"116","article-title":"Malocclusion and its relationship to speech sound production: redefining the effect of malocclusal traits on sound production","volume":"150","author":"Leavy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leavy\n              KM,\n            \n            \n              Cisneros\n              GJ,\n            \n            \n              LeBlanc\n              EM.\n            \n          \n          Malocclusion and its relationship to speech sound production: redefining the effect of malocclusal traits on sound production.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t150(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t116\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t123.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.12.015."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"232","article-title":"Anterior open bite and oral port constriction","volume":"46","author":"Klechak","year":"1976","unstructured":"Klechak\n              TL,\n            \n            \n              Bradley\n              DP,\n            \n            \n              Warren\n              DW.\n            \n          \n          Anterior open bite and oral port constriction.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1976;\n\t\t\t\t\t46(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t232\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t242.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1976)046<0232:AOBAOP>2.0.CO;2."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b17","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"119","article-title":"Effect of premature loss of primary maxillary incisors on speech","volume":"7","author":"Riekman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Riekman\n              GA,\n            \n            \n              el Badrawy\n              HE.\n            \n          \n          Effect of premature loss of primary maxillary incisors on speech.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t1985;\n\t\t\t\t\t7(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t119\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t122."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"234","article-title":"Tongue size, oral cavity size and speech","volume":"56","author":"Oliver","year":"1986","unstructured":"Oliver\n              RG,\n            \n            \n              Evans\n              SP.\n            \n          \n          Tongue size, oral cavity size and speech.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1986;\n\t\t\t\t\t56(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t234\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t243.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1986)056<0234:TSOCSA>2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b19","series-title":"Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc","first-page":"538","article-title":"Dislalias asociadas a maloclusi\u00f3n dental en escolares","volume":"52","author":"V\u00e1zquez-Reyes","year":"2014","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Reyes\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Moyaho-Bernal\n              \u00c1,\n            \n            \n              Moreno-Garc\u00eda\n              A,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Dislalias asociadas a maloclusi\u00f3n dental en escolares.\n\t\t\t\t\tRev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t52(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t538\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t542."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b20","series-title":"Oral Dis","first-page":"483","article-title":"Articulation and oromyofunctional behavior in children seeking orthodontic treatment","volume":"21","author":"Van Lierde","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Lierde\n              KM,\n            \n            \n              Luyten\n              A,\n            \n            \n              D'Haeseleer\n              E,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Articulation and oromyofunctional behavior in children seeking orthodontic treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tOral Dis.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t21(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t483\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t492.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1111\/odi.12307"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"728","article-title":"Prevalence and change of malocclusions from primary to early permanent dentition: a longitudinal study","volume":"85","author":"Dimberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dimberg\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Lennartsson\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Arnrup\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Bondemark\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence and change of malocclusions from primary to early permanent dentition: a longitudinal study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t728\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t734.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.2319\/080414-542.1."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b22","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"552","article-title":"Effects of different pacifiers on the primary dentition and oral myofunctional structures of preschool children","volume":"24","author":"Zardetto,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zardetto,\n              CG del C,\n            \n            \n              Rodrigues\n              CRMD,\n            \n            \n              Stefani\n              FM.\n            \n          \n          Effects of different pacifiers on the primary dentition and oral myofunctional structures of preschool children.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2002;\n\t\t\t\t\t24(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t552\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t560."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b23","series-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent","first-page":"380","article-title":"Electromyographic muscular activity improvement in Class II patients treated with the pre-orthodontic trainer","volume":"38","author":"Satygo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Satygo\n              EA,\n            \n            \n              Silin\n              AV,\n            \n            \n              Ramirez-Ya\u00f1ez\n              GO.\n            \n          \n          Electromyographic muscular activity improvement in Class II patients treated with the pre-orthodontic trainer.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Pediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t38(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t380\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t384.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.17796\/jcpd.38.4.2vh1603n62878673"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b24","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"2","article-title":"Comparison of soft-tissue, dental, and skeletal characteristics in children with and without tongue thrusting habit","volume":"4","author":"Dixit","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dixit\n              UB,\n            \n            \n              Shetty\n              RM.\n            \n          \n          Comparison of soft-tissue, dental, and skeletal characteristics in children with and without tongue thrusting habit.\n\t\t\t\t\tContemp Clin Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t4(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t2\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t6.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4103\/0976-237X.111585."},{"issue":"(29)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b25","series-title":"Onom\u00e1zein Rev Ling\u00fc\u00edst Filol Trad","first-page":"129","article-title":"Speech production in two occlusal classes","volume":"29","author":"Jesus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jesus\n              LMT,\n            \n            \n              Ara\u00fajo\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Costa\n              IM.\n            \n          \n          Speech production in two occlusal classes.\n\t\t\t\t\tOnom\u00e1zein Rev Ling\u00fc\u00edst Filol Trad.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t29(29):\n\t\t\t\t\t129\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t151.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.7764\/onomazein.29.12"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b26","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"74","article-title":"Relationship between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition Part II: prevalence of orofacial dysfunctions","volume":"68","author":"Stahl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stahl\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Grabowski\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Gaebel\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Kundt\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Relationship between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition Part II: prevalence of orofacial dysfunctions.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t68(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t74\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t90.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1007\/s00056-007-2606-9"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b27","series-title":"Adoraci\u00f3n Ju\u00e1rez S\u00e1nchez, Juanmiguel S. Quir\u00f3s. Registro Fonol\u00f3gico Inducido. Madrid: Ciencias de la Educac\u00f3n Preescolar y Especial;","author":"Monfort","year":"1989","unstructured":"Monfort\n              Marc,\n            \n          \n          Adoraci\u00f3n Ju\u00e1rez S\u00e1nchez, Juanmiguel S. Quir\u00f3s. Registro Fonol\u00f3gico Inducido. Madrid: Ciencias de la Educac\u00f3n Preescolar y Especial;\n          1989."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b28","series-title":"Int Orthod","first-page":"733","article-title":"Lingual function in children with anterior open bite: a case-control study","volume":"16","author":"Botero-Mariaca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Botero-Mariaca\n              P,\n            \n            \n              Sierra-Alzate\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Rueda\n              ZV,\n            \n            \n              Gonzalez\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Lingual function in children with anterior open bite: a case-control study.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t16(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t733\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t743.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1016\/j.ortho.2018.09.009"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b01","unstructured":"American Speech-Language Hearing Association ASHA (2021).\n          Available at: https:\/\/www.asha.org\/Practice-Portal\/Clinical-Topics\/Articulation-and-Phonology\/. Accessed January 18, 2021."},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b02","series-title":"J Appl Oral Sci Rev FOB","first-page":"493","article-title":"Speech evaluation in children with temporomandibular disorders","volume":"19","author":"Pizolato","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pizolato\n              RA,\n            \n            \n              Fernandes\n              FS de F,\n            \n            \n              Gavi\u00e3o\n              MBD.\n            \n          \n          Speech evaluation in children with temporomandibular disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Appl Oral Sci Rev FOB.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t19(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t493\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t499.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/S1678-77572011000500010"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"54","article-title":"Appraisal of speech defects in dental anomalies with reference to speech improvement","volume":"29","author":"Rathbone","year":"1959","unstructured":"Rathbone\n              JS,\n            \n            \n              Snidecor\n              JC.\n            \n          \n          Appraisal of speech defects in dental anomalies with reference to speech improvement.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1959;\n\t\t\t\t\t29(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t54\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t59.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1959)029<0054:AOSDID>2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"144","article-title":"Associations between articulatory disorders in speech and occlusal anomalies","volume":"9","author":"Laine","year":"1987","unstructured":"Laine\n              T.\n            \n          \n          Associations between articulatory disorders in speech and occlusal anomalies.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1987;\n\t\t\t\t\t9(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t144\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t150.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1093\/ejo\/9.2.144"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"462","article-title":"Interrelation between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition","volume":"68","author":"Grabowski","year":"2007","unstructured":"Grabowski\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Kundt\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Stahl\n              F.\n            \n          \n          Interrelation between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t68:\n\t\t\t\t\t462\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t476.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1007\/s00056-007-0717-y"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b06","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"13","article-title":"Correlations between malocclusions and dyslalias","volume":"13","author":"Farronato","year":"2012","unstructured":"Farronato\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Giannini\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Riva\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Galbiati\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Maspero\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Correlations between malocclusions and dyslalias.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Paediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t13(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t13\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t18."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"10","article-title":"A radiographic study of tongue posture at rest and during the phonation of \/s\/ in class III malocclusion","volume":"48","author":"Guay","year":"1978","unstructured":"Guay\n              AH,\n            \n            \n              Maxwell\n              DL,\n            \n            \n              Beecher\n              R.\n            \n          \n          A radiographic study of tongue posture at rest and during the phonation of \/s\/ in class III malocclusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1978;\n\t\t\t\t\t48:\n\t\t\t\t\t10\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t22."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b08","series-title":"Int J Orofac Myology","first-page":"20","article-title":"Relationship between malocclusion and fonoarticulatory disorders","volume":"24","author":"Farret","year":"1998","unstructured":"Farret\n              MM,\n            \n            \n              Jurach\n              EM,\n            \n            \n              Brand\u00e3o\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Moraes\n              DC,\n            \n            \n              Brand\u00e3o\n              SR,\n            \n            \n              Santos\n              SL.\n            \n          \n          Relationship between malocclusion and fonoarticulatory disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Orofac Myology.\n\t\t\t\t\t1998;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t20\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t26."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b09","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"1200","article-title":"Speech defect associated with Class III jaw relationship","volume":"99","author":"Taher","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taher\n              A.\n            \n          \n          Speech defect associated with Class III jaw relationship.\n\t\t\t\t\tPlast Reconstr Surg.\n\t\t\t\t\t1997;\n\t\t\t\t\t99(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t1200."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b10","series-title":"J Oral Med","first-page":"47","article-title":"The relationship of malocclusion and faulty speech articulation","volume":"22","author":"Lubit","year":"1967","unstructured":"Lubit\n              EC.\n            \n          \n          The relationship of malocclusion and faulty speech articulation.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Oral Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t1967;\n\t\t\t\t\t22(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t47\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t55."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b11","series-title":"J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent","first-page":"33","article-title":"Relationship of tongue-thrust swallowing and anterior open bite with articulation disorders: a clinical study","volume":"17","author":"Khinda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Khinda\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Grewal\n              N.\n            \n          \n          Relationship of tongue-thrust swallowing and anterior open bite with articulation disorders: a clinical study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t1999;\n\t\t\t\t\t17(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t33\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t39."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b12","series-title":"Braz Oral Res","first-page":"247","article-title":"Vertical interincisal trespass assessment in children with speech disorders","volume":"22","author":"Sahad M de G,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sahad M de G,\n              Nah\u00e1s ACR,\n            \n            \n              Scavone-Junior\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Jabur\n              LB,\n            \n            \n              Guedes-Pinto\n              E.\n            \n          \n          Vertical interincisal trespass assessment in children with speech disorders.\n\t\t\t\t\tBraz Oral Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t22(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t247\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t251.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/S1806-83242008000300010"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b13","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"77","article-title":"Prevalence of dyslalias in 8 to 16 year-old students with anterior open bite in the municipality of Envigado, Colombia","volume":"15","author":"Ocampo-Parra","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ocampo-Parra\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Escobar-Toro\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Sierra-Alzate\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Rueda\n              ZV,\n            \n            \n              Lema\n              MC.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence of dyslalias in 8 to 16 year-old students with anterior open bite in the municipality of Envigado, Colombia.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t15:\n\t\t\t\t\t77.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1186\/s12903-015-0063-1"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b14","series-title":"Fono Rev Atualizacao Cient","first-page":"293","article-title":"[Etiological aspects of anterior open bite and its implications to the oral functions]","volume":"17","author":"Maciel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maciel\n              CTV,\n            \n            \n              Leite\n              ICG.\n            \n          \n          [Etiological aspects of anterior open bite and its implications to the oral functions].\n\t\t\t\t\tFono Rev Atualizacao Cient.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t17(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t293\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t302.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/s0104-56872005000300003"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"116","article-title":"Malocclusion and its relationship to speech sound production: redefining the effect of malocclusal traits on sound production","volume":"150","author":"Leavy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leavy\n              KM,\n            \n            \n              Cisneros\n              GJ,\n            \n            \n              LeBlanc\n              EM.\n            \n          \n          Malocclusion and its relationship to speech sound production: redefining the effect of malocclusal traits on sound production.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t150(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t116\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t123.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.12.015."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"232","article-title":"Anterior open bite and oral port constriction","volume":"46","author":"Klechak","year":"1976","unstructured":"Klechak\n              TL,\n            \n            \n              Bradley\n              DP,\n            \n            \n              Warren\n              DW.\n            \n          \n          Anterior open bite and oral port constriction.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1976;\n\t\t\t\t\t46(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t232\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t242.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1976)046<0232:AOBAOP>2.0.CO;2."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b17","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"119","article-title":"Effect of premature loss of primary maxillary incisors on speech","volume":"7","author":"Riekman","year":"1985","unstructured":"Riekman\n              GA,\n            \n            \n              el Badrawy\n              HE.\n            \n          \n          Effect of premature loss of primary maxillary incisors on speech.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t1985;\n\t\t\t\t\t7(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t119\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t122."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"234","article-title":"Tongue size, oral cavity size and speech","volume":"56","author":"Oliver","year":"1986","unstructured":"Oliver\n              RG,\n            \n            \n              Evans\n              SP.\n            \n          \n          Tongue size, oral cavity size and speech.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1986;\n\t\t\t\t\t56(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t234\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t243.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1986)056<0234:TSOCSA>2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b19","series-title":"Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc","first-page":"538","article-title":"Dislalias asociadas a maloclusi\u00f3n dental en escolares","volume":"52","author":"V\u00e1zquez-Reyes","year":"2014","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Reyes\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Moyaho-Bernal\n              \u00c1,\n            \n            \n              Moreno-Garc\u00eda\n              A,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Dislalias asociadas a maloclusi\u00f3n dental en escolares.\n\t\t\t\t\tRev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t52(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t538\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t542."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b20","series-title":"Oral Dis","first-page":"483","article-title":"Articulation and oromyofunctional behavior in children seeking orthodontic treatment","volume":"21","author":"Van Lierde","year":"2015","unstructured":"Van Lierde\n              KM,\n            \n            \n              Luyten\n              A,\n            \n            \n              D'Haeseleer\n              E,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Articulation and oromyofunctional behavior in children seeking orthodontic treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tOral Dis.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t21(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t483\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t492.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1111\/odi.12307"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"728","article-title":"Prevalence and change of malocclusions from primary to early permanent dentition: a longitudinal study","volume":"85","author":"Dimberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dimberg\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Lennartsson\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Arnrup\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Bondemark\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence and change of malocclusions from primary to early permanent dentition: a longitudinal study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t728\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t734.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.2319\/080414-542.1."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b22","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"552","article-title":"Effects of different pacifiers on the primary dentition and oral myofunctional structures of preschool children","volume":"24","author":"Zardetto,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zardetto,\n              CG del C,\n            \n            \n              Rodrigues\n              CRMD,\n            \n            \n              Stefani\n              FM.\n            \n          \n          Effects of different pacifiers on the primary dentition and oral myofunctional structures of preschool children.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2002;\n\t\t\t\t\t24(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t552\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t560."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b23","series-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent","first-page":"380","article-title":"Electromyographic muscular activity improvement in Class II patients treated with the pre-orthodontic trainer","volume":"38","author":"Satygo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Satygo\n              EA,\n            \n            \n              Silin\n              AV,\n            \n            \n              Ramirez-Ya\u00f1ez\n              GO.\n            \n          \n          Electromyographic muscular activity improvement in Class II patients treated with the pre-orthodontic trainer.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Pediatr Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t38(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t380\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t384.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.17796\/jcpd.38.4.2vh1603n62878673"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b24","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"2","article-title":"Comparison of soft-tissue, dental, and skeletal characteristics in children with and without tongue thrusting habit","volume":"4","author":"Dixit","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dixit\n              UB,\n            \n            \n              Shetty\n              RM.\n            \n          \n          Comparison of soft-tissue, dental, and skeletal characteristics in children with and without tongue thrusting habit.\n\t\t\t\t\tContemp Clin Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t4(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t2\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t6.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.4103\/0976-237X.111585."},{"issue":"(29)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b25","series-title":"Onom\u00e1zein Rev Ling\u00fc\u00edst Filol Trad","first-page":"129","article-title":"Speech production in two occlusal classes","volume":"29","author":"Jesus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jesus\n              LMT,\n            \n            \n              Ara\u00fajo\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Costa\n              IM.\n            \n          \n          Speech production in two occlusal classes.\n\t\t\t\t\tOnom\u00e1zein Rev Ling\u00fc\u00edst Filol Trad.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t29(29):\n\t\t\t\t\t129\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t151.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.7764\/onomazein.29.12"},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b26","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"74","article-title":"Relationship between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition Part II: prevalence of orofacial dysfunctions","volume":"68","author":"Stahl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stahl\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Grabowski\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Gaebel\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Kundt\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Relationship between occlusal findings and orofacial myofunctional status in primary and mixed dentition Part II: prevalence of orofacial dysfunctions.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t68(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t74\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t90.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1007\/s00056-007-2606-9"},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b27","series-title":"Adoraci\u00f3n Ju\u00e1rez S\u00e1nchez, Juanmiguel S. Quir\u00f3s. Registro Fonol\u00f3gico Inducido. Madrid: Ciencias de la Educac\u00f3n Preescolar y Especial;","author":"Monfort","year":"1989","unstructured":"Monfort\n              Marc,\n            \n          \n          Adoraci\u00f3n Ju\u00e1rez S\u00e1nchez, Juanmiguel S. Quir\u00f3s. Registro Fonol\u00f3gico Inducido. Madrid: Ciencias de la Educac\u00f3n Preescolar y Especial;\n          1989."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-92-4-505-b28","series-title":"Int Orthod","first-page":"733","article-title":"Lingual function in children with anterior open bite: a case-control study","volume":"16","author":"Botero-Mariaca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Botero-Mariaca\n              P,\n            \n            \n              Sierra-Alzate\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Rueda\n              ZV,\n            \n            \n              Gonzalez\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Lingual function in children with anterior open bite: a case-control study.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t16(4):\n\t\t\t\t\t733\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t743.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1016\/j.ortho.2018.09.009"}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/92\/4\/article-p505.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/92\/4\/505\/3077283\/i1945-7103-92-4-505.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/92\/4\/article-p505.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/92\/4\/article-p505.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:34:33Z","timestamp":1780065273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/92\/4\/article-p505.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/043021-342.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}