{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:40:32Z","timestamp":1791409232426,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide clinical information on overcorrection to be included in the initial digital setup to make clear aligner therapy (CAT) more efficient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prescription data for 150 patients (80 women and 70 men; mean age 33.7 \u00b1 12.7 years) treated successfully with CAT (F22 Aligners, Sweden &amp; Martina, Due Carrare, Italy) and requiring only a single, minimal finishing phase were acquired retrospectively. The inclusion criteria were Class I dental malocclusion with only minimal crowding (\u22643 mm), 12\u201320 aligner steps per arch, no use of auxiliaries or interarch elastics, and rotations \u226425\u00b0 for round-shaped teeth. The prescribed and corrective movements to be achieved in the main and finishing treatment phases, respectively, were quantified by the dedicated clear aligner setup software. The magnitudes of inclination (buccal-lingual crown tipping), angulation (mesial-distal crown tipping), rotation, intrusion, and extrusion were extracted and analyzed by tooth type, maxilla and mandible, and both arches. Descriptive statistics, that is, mean, standard deviation, and percentage, were calculated for each movement investigated. Classification and regression trees (CART) were generated using the model-based recursive partitioning approach, and the corrective movements were correlated with respect to both the amount of the movements prescribed and the tooth type. Statistical significance was set at 5%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inclination and rotation required the greatest correction, whereas angulation, intrusion, and extrusion required only minimal correction. Expressed as a percentage of prescribed movement, mean corrective movements were 20.5% for inclination, 14.5% angulation, 28.4% rotation, 11.7% extrusion, and 22% intrusion. According to CART, all corrective movements except extrusion depended on both tooth type and the magnitude of prescribed movement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To achieve more efficient CAT, approximately 20% overcorrection should be added to the initial planning phase when planning challenging movements such as inclination and rotation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/052022-371.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T12:09:35Z","timestamp":1665576575000},"page":"11-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Analysis of overcorrection to be included for planning clear aligner therapy: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Palone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Pignotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Morin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Pancari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio Alfredo","family":"Spedicato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Cremonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"27","article-title":"How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign","volume":"135","author":"Kravitz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kravitz\n              ND,\n            \n            \n              Kusnoto\n              B,\n            \n            \n              BeGole\n              E,\n            \n            \n              Obrez\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Agran\n              B.\n            \n          \n          How well does Invisalign work? A prospective clinical study evaluating the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t135(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t27\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t35."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"420","article-title":"Has Invisalign improved? A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign","volume":"158","author":"Haouili","year":"2020","unstructured":"Haouili\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Kravitz\n              ND,\n            \n            \n              Vaid\n              NR,\n            \n            \n              Ferguson\n              DJ,\n            \n            \n              Makki\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Has Invisalign improved? A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t158(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t420\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t425."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b03","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"68","article-title":"Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization","volume":"14","author":"Simon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Simon\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Keilig\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Schwarze\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Jung\n              BA,\n            \n            \n              Bourauel\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t14:\n\t\t\t\t\t68."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"47","article-title":"Accuracy of clear aligners: a retrospective study of patients who needed refinement","volume":"154","author":"Charalampakis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Charalampakis\n              O,\n            \n            \n              Iliadi\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Ueno\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Oliver\n              DR,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              KB.\n            \n          \n          Accuracy of clear aligners: a retrospective study of patients who needed refinement.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t154(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t47\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t54."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b05","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac 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Invisalign","volume":"89","author":"Dai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dai\n              FF,\n            \n            \n              Xu\n              TM,\n            \n            \n              Shu\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Comparison of achieved and predicted tooth movement of maxillary first molars and central incisors: first premolar extraction treatment with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t89(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t679\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t687."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"691","article-title":"Management of overbite with the Invisalign appliance","volume":"151","author":"Khosravi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khosravi\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Cohanim\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Hujoel\n              P,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Management of 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Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t881\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t889."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b10","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"12","article-title":"Accuracy evaluation of orthodontic movements with aligners: a prospective observational study","volume":"23","author":"Bilello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bilello\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Fazio\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Amato\n              E,\n            \n            \n              Crivello\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Galvano\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Curr\u00f2\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Accuracy evaluation of orthodontic movements with aligners: a prospective observational study.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2022;\n\t\t\t\t\t23(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t12."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"157","article-title":"Effect of clear aligner wear protocol on the efficacy of tooth movement","volume":"91","author":"Al-Nadawi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Nadawi\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Kravitz\n              ND,\n            \n            \n              Hansa\n              I,\n            \n            \n              Makki\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Ferguson\n              DJ,\n            \n            \n              Vaid\n              NR.\n            \n          \n          Effect of clear aligner wear protocol on the efficacy of tooth movement.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;\n\t\t\t\t\t91(2):\n\t\t\t\t\t157\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t163."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b12","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"269","article-title":"Estimating arch length discrepancy through Little's Irregularity Index for epidemiological use","volume":"28","author":"Bernab\u00e8","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bernab\u00e8\n              E,\n            \n            \n              Flores-Mir\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Estimating arch length discrepancy through Little's Irregularity Index for epidemiological use.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t28:\n\t\t\t\t\t269\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t273."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b13","series-title":"Contemporary Orthodontics. 6th ed","author":"Proffit","year":"2018","unstructured":"Proffit\n              W,\n            \n            \n              Fields\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Larson\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Sarver\n              D.\n            \n          \n          \n            Contemporary Orthodontics. 6th ed.\n\t\t\t\t\tMaryland Heights, MO:\n\t\t\t\t\tMosby;2018."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b14","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"35","article-title":"Predictability of orthodontic movement with orthodontic aligners: a retrospective study","volume":"18","author":"Lombardo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lombardo\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Arreghini\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Ramina\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Huanca Ghislanzoni\n              LT,\n            \n            \n              Siciliani\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Predictability of orthodontic movement with orthodontic aligners: a retrospective study.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t18(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t35."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b15","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"275","article-title":"Integrated three-dimensional digital assessment of accuracy of anterior tooth movement using clear aligners","volume":"45","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang\n              XJ,\n            \n            \n              He\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Guo\n              HM,\n            \n            \n              Tian\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Bai\n              YX,\n            \n            \n              Li\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Integrated three-dimensional digital assessment of accuracy of anterior tooth movement using clear aligners.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t45(6):\n\t\t\t\t\t275\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t281."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"453","article-title":"Outcomes of clear aligner treatment with and without dental monitoring: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"159","author":"Hansa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hansa\n              I,\n            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Proceedings of the Illinois Society of Orthodontists; Oak Brook, Ill; March 7, 2005.","author":"Boyd","unstructured":"Boyd\n              RL.\n            \n          \n          Increasing the predictability of quality results with Invisalign. Proceedings of the Illinois Society of Orthodontists; Oak Brook, Ill; March 7, 2005.\n          Available at: http:\/\/www.gpso.org\/events\/2003_outline.pdf. Accessed March 10, 2005."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"27","article-title":"How well does Invisalign work? 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A prospective follow-up study on the efficacy of tooth movement with Invisalign.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;\n\t\t\t\t\t158(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t420\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t425."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b03","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"68","article-title":"Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization","volume":"14","author":"Simon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Simon\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Keilig\n              L,\n            \n            \n              Schwarze\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Jung\n              BA,\n            \n            \n              Bourauel\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Treatment outcome and efficacy of an aligner technique\u2014regarding incisor torque, premolar derotation and molar distalization.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t14:\n\t\t\t\t\t68."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"47","article-title":"Accuracy of clear aligners: a retrospective study of patients who needed refinement","volume":"154","author":"Charalampakis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Charalampakis\n              O,\n            \n            \n              Iliadi\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Ueno\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Oliver\n              DR,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              KB.\n            \n          \n          Accuracy of clear aligners: a retrospective study of patients who needed refinement.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t154(1):\n\t\t\t\t\t47\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t54."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b05","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac 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tipping, controlled tipping, translation, and torque.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;\n\t\t\t\t\t159(5):\n\t\t\t\t\t635\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t643."},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-93-1-11-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"881","article-title":"Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"85","author":"Rossini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossini\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Parrini\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Castroflorio\n              T,\n            \n            \n              Deregibus\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Debernardi\n              CL.\n            \n          \n          Efficacy of clear aligners in controlling orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle 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