{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:12:39Z","timestamp":1791889959180,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To test the hypothesis that young people's esthetic perception of dentition midline deviation or the threshold below which they find the deviation \u201cacceptable\u201d depends on the gender and face type of the person with the deviation and the gender of the evaluator.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Facial images of six young subjects with three different face types were captured, and their dentition midlines were altered digitally. The images were evaluated by young people with no dental training. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the threshold for acceptable dentition midline deviation and factors influencing perception.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The mean value for the threshold below which a deviation was judged \u201cacceptable\u201d was 2.403 mm (95% confidence interval, 2.315\u20132.491). The preferences of evaluators did not significantly depend on the direction of the deviation. Both male and female evaluators were significantly less tolerant of deviation in female subjects than in male subjects. However, female evaluators were significantly more tolerant of midline deviations in male subjects than were male evaluators. In addition, the same degree of deviation was most noticeable in male subjects with a tapered face type and least noticeable in female subjects with a square face type.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The gender and face type of an individual with dentition midline deviation and the gender of the evaluator do affect young people's esthetic perception of a dentition midline deviation and the threshold below which they find the deviation \u201cacceptable.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/052209-286.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,5]],"date-time":"2010-01-05T15:19:40Z","timestamp":1262704780000},"page":"515-520","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Young People's Esthetic Perception of Dental Midline Deviation"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Yi-fan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student-Graduate, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student-Graduate, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-ran","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student-Graduate, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihe","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Department Chair, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology and State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"395","article-title":"Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning\u2014Part II.","volume":"103","author":"Arnett, W. G.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Arnett, W. G. and R. T.Bergman. Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning\u2014Part II.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop1990. 103:395\u2013411."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"89","article-title":"Dental and facial asymmetries: a review.","volume":"64","author":"Bishara, S. E.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bishara, S. E., P. S.Burkey, and J. G.Kharouf. Dental and facial asymmetries: a review.Angle Orthod1994. 64:89\u201397."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b03","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"84","article-title":"Treatment strategies for midline discrepancies.","volume":"2","author":"Nanda, R.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nanda, R. and M. J.Margolis. Treatment strategies for midline discrepancies.Semin Orthod1996. 2:84\u201389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b04","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"146","article-title":"Evaluation of dental midline position.","volume":"4","author":"Beyer, J. W.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Beyer, J. W. and S. J.Lindauer. Evaluation of dental midline position.Semin Orthod1998. 4:146\u2013152."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b05","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"517","article-title":"The influence of dental to facial midline discrepancies on dental attractiveness ratings.","volume":"21","author":"Johnston, C. D.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Johnston, C. D., D. J.Burden, and M. R.Stevenson. The influence of dental to facial midline discrepancies on dental attractiveness ratings.Eur J Orthod1999. 21:517\u2013522."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"748","article-title":"Impact of dental asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics.","volume":"132","author":"Pinho, S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pinho, S., C.Ciriaco, J.Faber, and M. A.Lenza. Impact of dental asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2007. 132:748\u2013753."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b07","series-title":"Proc Biol Sci","first-page":"1727","article-title":"A feature-based model of symmetry detection.","volume":"270","author":"Scognamillo, R.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Scognamillo, R., G.Rhodes, C.Morrone, and D.Burr. A feature-based model of symmetry detection.Proc Biol Sci2003. 270:1727\u20131733."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b08","series-title":"Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci","first-page":"221","article-title":"Feature detection in human vision\u2014a phase-dependent energy model.","volume":"235","author":"Morrone, M. C.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Morrone, M. C. and D. C.Burr. Feature detection in human vision\u2014a phase-dependent energy model.Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci1988. 235:221\u2013245."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b09","series-title":"Zhong Guo Mei Rong Yi Xue","first-page":"723","article-title":"A preliminary investigation into the correlation between forms of face, maxillary arch and incisor.","volume":"14","author":"Mo, S. X.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mo, S. X., Y. X.Chen, and Z. H.Li. A preliminary investigation into the correlation between forms of face, maxillary arch and incisor.Zhong Guo Mei Rong Yi Xue2005. 14:723\u2013726."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b10","series-title":"Zhong Guo Shi Yong Mei Rong Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi","first-page":"296","article-title":"Researches and advancements of smile esthetics.","volume":"16","author":"Shao, J. L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Shao, J. L. and Z.Jiang. Researches and advancements of smile esthetics.Zhong Guo Shi Yong Mei Rong Zheng Xing Wai Ke Za Zhi2005. 16:296\u2013298."},{"key":"i0003-3219-80-3-515-b11","series-title":"Sex Roles","first-page":"123","article-title":"Physical attractiveness and its relationship to sex-role stereotyping.","volume":"2","author":"Bar-Tal, D.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bar-Tal, D. and L.Saxe. Physical attractiveness and its relationship to sex-role stereotyping.Sex Roles1976. 2:123\u2013133."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/80\/3\/article-p515.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/80\/3\/article-p515.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/80\/3\/article-p515.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:50:47Z","timestamp":1747356647000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/80\/3\/article-p515.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/052209-286.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}}}