{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T18:03:39Z","timestamp":1781201019017,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the volume, amount, and localization of root resorption in the upper first premolars by micro\u2013computed tomography (micro-CT) after three different rapid maxillary expansion appliances and two different activation rhythms.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The patients were divided into three groups; Hyrax, acrylic cap splint (ACS), and full coverage acrylic bonded (FCAB) appliances. Each group was then divided into the following two subgroups: rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and semirapid maxillary expansion (SRME). After expansion was completed, the appliances were stabilized for 12 weeks during the retention period. For each group, 10 premolars (for a total of 60 premolars) were scanned with the micro-CT (SkyScan). The reconstructed 3D images of each root sample were divided into six regions. The resorption craters on these six different root surfaces were analyzed by special CTAn (SkyScan) software for direct volumetric measurements. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n tests were used for statistical analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n The total volume of root resorption was less with FCAB than with ACS and Hyrax (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001). In all groups, a greater volume of resorption was found on the buccal surface than on the lingual surface (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001). No significant differences were found between the RME and SRME groups (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > .05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n All expansion appliances caused root resorption in the upper first premolar teeth, but FCAB may be safer in terms of root resorption. The resorption craters were generally concentrated on the buccal surface. There was no effect of activation rhythm on root resorption.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/052220-465.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,25]],"date-time":"2021-01-25T20:43:16Z","timestamp":1611607396000},"page":"293-300","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Does the rhythm and appliance type of rapid maxillary expansion have an effect on root resorption?"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"S\u0131dd\u0131k","family":"Malko\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rukiye","family":"Al\u00e7in","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asl\u0131han","family":"Uzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"71","article-title":"Semirapid maxillary expansion: a study of long-term transverse effects in older adolescents and adults","volume":"74","author":"\u0130\u015feri","year":"2004","unstructured":"\u0130\u015feri\n H,\n \n \n \u00d6zsoy\n S.\n \n \n Semirapid maxillary expansion: a study of long-term transverse effects in older adolescents and adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t74:\n\t\t\t\t\t71\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t78."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b02","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"119","article-title":"Modified bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance","volume":"4","author":"Orhan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Orhan\n M,\n \n \n \u00dcs\u00fcmez\n S,\n \n \n Malko\u00e7\n S.\n \n \n Modified bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tWorld J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2003;\n\t\t\t\t\t4:\n\t\t\t\t\t119\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t125."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"567","article-title":"Maxillary transverse deficiency","volume":"117","author":"McNamara","year":"2000","unstructured":"McNamara\n JA.\n \n \n Maxillary transverse deficiency.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t117:\n\t\t\t\t\t567\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t570."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b04","series-title":"Orthod Update","first-page":"90","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion: a review of appliance designs, biomechanics and clinical aspects","volume":"9","author":"Almuazin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Almuazin\n M,\n \n \n Short\n L,\n \n \n Isherwood\n G,\n \n \n Almuazin\n L,\n \n \n McDonald\n J.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion: a review of appliance designs, biomechanics and clinical aspects.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Update.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t90\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b05","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"261","article-title":"Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion. Part II. Forces present during treatment","volume":"34","author":"Isaacson","year":"1964","unstructured":"Isaacson\n RJ,\n \n \n Ingram\n AH.\n \n \n Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion. Part II. Forces present during treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1964;\n\t\t\t\t\t34:\n\t\t\t\t\t261\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t269."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b06","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"301","article-title":"Semi-rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"143","author":"Mew","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mew\n JR.\n \n \n Semi-rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tBr Dent J.\n\t\t\t\t\t1977;\n\t\t\t\t\t143:\n\t\t\t\t\t301\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t306."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"47","article-title":"A comparison of two different rapid palatal expansion techniques from the point of root resorption","volume":"106","author":"Erverdi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Erverdi\n N,\n \n \n Okar\n I,\n \n \n K\u00fcc\u00fckkeles\n N,\n \n \n Arbak\n S.\n \n \n A comparison of two different rapid palatal expansion techniques from the point of root resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1994;\n\t\t\t\t\t106:\n\t\t\t\t\t47\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t51."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"264","article-title":"Surface resorption following two forms of rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"13","author":"Odenrick","year":"1991","unstructured":"Odenrick\n L,\n \n \n Karlander\n EL,\n \n \n Pierce\n A,\n \n \n Fradcs\n OD,\n \n \n Kretschmar\n U.\n \n \n Surface resorption following two forms of rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1991;\n\t\t\t\t\t13:\n\t\t\t\t\t264\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t270."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod and Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"630","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study","volume":"79","author":"Barber","year":"1981","unstructured":"Barber\n AF,\n \n \n Sims\n M.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod and Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1981;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t630\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t652."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b10","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"117","article-title":"Evaluation of three-dimensional root surface changes and resorption following rapid maxillary expansion: a cone beam computed tomography investigation","volume":"18","author":"Akyalcin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akyalcin\n S,\n \n \n Alexander\n SP,\n \n \n Silva\n RM,\n \n \n English\n JD.\n \n \n Evaluation of three-dimensional root surface changes and resorption following rapid maxillary expansion: a cone beam computed tomography investigation.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t117\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"182","article-title":"Comparison of root resorption after bone-borne and tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with the use of microtomography","volume":"155","author":"Yildirim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yildirim\n M,\n \n \n Akin\n M.\n \n \n Comparison of root resorption after bone-borne and tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with the use of microtomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t155:\n\t\t\t\t\t182\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t190."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b12","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"64","article-title":"Exploring the third dimension in root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Chan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chan\n E,\n \n \n Darendeliler\n M.\n \n \n Exploring the third dimension in root resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t7:\n\t\t\t\t\t64\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t70."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b13","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"106","article-title":"Effects of orthodontic force on root surface damage caused by temporary anchorage devices contact and the repair process","volume":"49","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2019","unstructured":"G\u00fcler\n \u00d6\u00c7,\n \n \n Malko\u00e7\n S.\n \n \n Effects of orthodontic force on root surface damage caused by temporary anchorage devices contact and the repair process.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t49:\n\t\t\t\t\t106\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t115."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b14","series-title":"J Prosthodont","first-page":"553","article-title":"Micro-CT detection and characterization of porosity in luting cements","volume":"24","author":"Malko\u00e7","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malko\u00e7\n MA,\n \n \n Sevimay\n M,\n \n \n Tatar\n \u0130,\n \n \n \u00c7elik\n HH.\n \n \n Micro-CT detection and characterization of porosity in luting cements.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Prosthodont.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t553\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t561."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b15","series-title":"Eur J Dent","first-page":"437","article-title":"Evaluation of the marginal fit of full ceramic crowns by the microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) technique","volume":"8","author":"Demir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Demir\n N,\n \n \n \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\n AN,\n \n \n Malkoc\n MA.\n \n \n Evaluation of the marginal fit of full ceramic crowns by the microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) technique.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t8:\n\t\t\t\t\t437\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t444."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"483","article-title":"Microcomputed tomography evaluation of white spot lesion remineralization with various procedures","volume":"150","author":"Kucuk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kucuk\n EB,\n \n \n Malkoc\n S,\n \n \n Demir\n A.\n \n \n Microcomputed tomography evaluation of white spot lesion remineralization with various procedures.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t150:\n\t\t\t\t\t483\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t490."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b17","series-title":"Meandros Med Dent J","first-page":"33","article-title":"Comparison of dentofacial and periodontal effects of rapid and semi-rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"18","author":"G\u00f6n\u00fclda\u015f","year":"2017","unstructured":"G\u00f6n\u00fclda\u015f\n SR,\n \n \n \u00d6zsoy\n \u00d6P,\n \n \n Pamuk\u00e7u\n H,\n \n \n Kural\n F.\n \n \n Comparison of dentofacial and periodontal effects of rapid and semi-rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tMeandros Med Dent J.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t33\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t46."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b18","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"11","article-title":"Maxillary expansion in the mixed dentition: rapid or semi-rapid?","volume":"32","author":"Ramoglu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ramoglu\n SI,\n \n \n Sari\n Z.\n \n \n Maxillary expansion in the mixed dentition: rapid or semi-rapid?\n \n Eur J Orthod\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t32:\n\t\t\t\t\t11\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t18."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"846","article-title":"Effects of semirapid maxillary expansion on conductive hearing loss","volume":"133","author":"Kilic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kilic\n N,\n \n \n Oktay\n H,\n \n \n Selimo\u011flu\n E,\n \n \n Erdem\n A.\n \n \n Effects of semirapid maxillary expansion on conductive hearing loss.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t133:\n\t\t\t\t\t846\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t851."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b20","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"280","article-title":"External apical root resorption concurrent with orthodontic forces: the genetic influence","volume":"75","author":"Nieto-Nieto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nieto-Nieto\n N,\n \n \n Solano\n JE,\n \n \n Ya\u00f1ez-Vico\n R.\n \n \n External apical root resorption concurrent with orthodontic forces: the genetic influence.\n\t\t\t\t\tActa Odontol Scand.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t280\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t287."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b21","series-title":"Eur J Oral Sci","first-page":"467","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of digitized periapical radiographs validated against micro computed tomography scanning in evaluating orthodontically induced apical root resorption","volume":"116","author":"Dudic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dudic\n A,\n \n \n Giannopoulou\n C,\n \n \n Martinez\n M,\n \n \n Montet\n X,\n \n \n Kiliaridis\n S.\n \n \n Diagnostic accuracy of digitized periapical radiographs validated against micro computed tomography scanning in evaluating orthodontically induced apical root resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Oral Sci.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t116:\n\t\t\t\t\t467\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t472."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"276","article-title":"Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth","volume":"70","author":"Ericson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ericson\n S,\n \n \n Kurol\n J.\n \n \n Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t70:\n\t\t\t\t\t276\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t283."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"71","article-title":"Semirapid maxillary expansion: a study of long-term transverse effects in older adolescents and adults","volume":"74","author":"\u0130\u015feri","year":"2004","unstructured":"\u0130\u015feri\n H,\n \n \n \u00d6zsoy\n S.\n \n \n Semirapid maxillary expansion: a study of long-term transverse effects in older adolescents and adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t74:\n\t\t\t\t\t71\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t78."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b02","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"119","article-title":"Modified bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance","volume":"4","author":"Orhan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Orhan\n M,\n \n \n \u00dcs\u00fcmez\n S,\n \n \n Malko\u00e7\n S.\n \n \n Modified bonded rapid maxillary expansion appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tWorld J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2003;\n\t\t\t\t\t4:\n\t\t\t\t\t119\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t125."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"567","article-title":"Maxillary transverse deficiency","volume":"117","author":"McNamara","year":"2000","unstructured":"McNamara\n JA.\n \n \n Maxillary transverse deficiency.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t117:\n\t\t\t\t\t567\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t570."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b04","series-title":"Orthod Update","first-page":"90","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion: a review of appliance designs, biomechanics and clinical aspects","volume":"9","author":"Almuazin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Almuazin\n M,\n \n \n Short\n L,\n \n \n Isherwood\n G,\n \n \n Almuazin\n L,\n \n \n McDonald\n J.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion: a review of appliance designs, biomechanics and clinical aspects.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Update.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t90\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b05","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"261","article-title":"Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion. Part II. Forces present during treatment","volume":"34","author":"Isaacson","year":"1964","unstructured":"Isaacson\n RJ,\n \n \n Ingram\n AH.\n \n \n Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion. Part II. Forces present during treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1964;\n\t\t\t\t\t34:\n\t\t\t\t\t261\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t269."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b06","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"301","article-title":"Semi-rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"143","author":"Mew","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mew\n JR.\n \n \n Semi-rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tBr Dent J.\n\t\t\t\t\t1977;\n\t\t\t\t\t143:\n\t\t\t\t\t301\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t306."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"47","article-title":"A comparison of two different rapid palatal expansion techniques from the point of root resorption","volume":"106","author":"Erverdi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Erverdi\n N,\n \n \n Okar\n I,\n \n \n K\u00fcc\u00fckkeles\n N,\n \n \n Arbak\n S.\n \n \n A comparison of two different rapid palatal expansion techniques from the point of root resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1994;\n\t\t\t\t\t106:\n\t\t\t\t\t47\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t51."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"264","article-title":"Surface resorption following two forms of rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"13","author":"Odenrick","year":"1991","unstructured":"Odenrick\n L,\n \n \n Karlander\n EL,\n \n \n Pierce\n A,\n \n \n Fradcs\n OD,\n \n \n Kretschmar\n U.\n \n \n Surface resorption following two forms of rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1991;\n\t\t\t\t\t13:\n\t\t\t\t\t264\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t270."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod and Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"630","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study","volume":"79","author":"Barber","year":"1981","unstructured":"Barber\n AF,\n \n \n Sims\n M.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod and Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1981;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t630\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t652."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b10","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"117","article-title":"Evaluation of three-dimensional root surface changes and resorption following rapid maxillary expansion: a cone beam computed tomography investigation","volume":"18","author":"Akyalcin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akyalcin\n S,\n \n \n Alexander\n SP,\n \n \n Silva\n RM,\n \n \n English\n JD.\n \n \n Evaluation of three-dimensional root surface changes and resorption following rapid maxillary expansion: a cone beam computed tomography investigation.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t117\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"182","article-title":"Comparison of root resorption after bone-borne and tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with the use of microtomography","volume":"155","author":"Yildirim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yildirim\n M,\n \n \n Akin\n M.\n \n \n Comparison of root resorption after bone-borne and tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with the use of microtomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t155:\n\t\t\t\t\t182\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t190."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b12","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"64","article-title":"Exploring the third dimension in root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Chan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chan\n E,\n \n \n Darendeliler\n M.\n \n \n Exploring the third dimension in root resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Craniofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t7:\n\t\t\t\t\t64\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t70."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b13","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"106","article-title":"Effects of orthodontic force on root surface damage caused by temporary anchorage devices contact and the repair process","volume":"49","author":"G\u00fcler","year":"2019","unstructured":"G\u00fcler\n \u00d6\u00c7,\n \n \n Malko\u00e7\n S.\n \n \n Effects of orthodontic force on root surface damage caused by temporary anchorage devices contact and the repair process.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t49:\n\t\t\t\t\t106\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t115."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b14","series-title":"J Prosthodont","first-page":"553","article-title":"Micro-CT detection and characterization of porosity in luting cements","volume":"24","author":"Malko\u00e7","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malko\u00e7\n MA,\n \n \n Sevimay\n M,\n \n \n Tatar\n \u0130,\n \n \n \u00c7elik\n HH.\n \n \n Micro-CT detection and characterization of porosity in luting cements.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Prosthodont.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t553\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t561."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b15","series-title":"Eur J Dent","first-page":"437","article-title":"Evaluation of the marginal fit of full ceramic crowns by the microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) technique","volume":"8","author":"Demir","year":"2014","unstructured":"Demir\n N,\n \n \n \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\n AN,\n \n \n Malkoc\n MA.\n \n \n Evaluation of the marginal fit of full ceramic crowns by the microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) technique.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t8:\n\t\t\t\t\t437\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t444."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"483","article-title":"Microcomputed tomography evaluation of white spot lesion remineralization with various procedures","volume":"150","author":"Kucuk","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kucuk\n EB,\n \n \n Malkoc\n S,\n \n \n Demir\n A.\n \n \n Microcomputed tomography evaluation of white spot lesion remineralization with various procedures.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t150:\n\t\t\t\t\t483\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t490."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b17","series-title":"Meandros Med Dent J","first-page":"33","article-title":"Comparison of dentofacial and periodontal effects of rapid and semi-rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"18","author":"G\u00f6n\u00fclda\u015f","year":"2017","unstructured":"G\u00f6n\u00fclda\u015f\n SR,\n \n \n \u00d6zsoy\n \u00d6P,\n \n \n Pamuk\u00e7u\n H,\n \n \n Kural\n F.\n \n \n Comparison of dentofacial and periodontal effects of rapid and semi-rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tMeandros Med Dent J.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t33\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t46."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b18","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"11","article-title":"Maxillary expansion in the mixed dentition: rapid or semi-rapid?","volume":"32","author":"Ramoglu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ramoglu\n SI,\n \n \n Sari\n Z.\n \n \n Maxillary expansion in the mixed dentition: rapid or semi-rapid?\n \n Eur J Orthod\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t32:\n\t\t\t\t\t11\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t18."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"846","article-title":"Effects of semirapid maxillary expansion on conductive hearing loss","volume":"133","author":"Kilic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kilic\n N,\n \n \n Oktay\n H,\n \n \n Selimo\u011flu\n E,\n \n \n Erdem\n A.\n \n \n Effects of semirapid maxillary expansion on conductive hearing loss.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t133:\n\t\t\t\t\t846\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t851."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b20","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"280","article-title":"External apical root resorption concurrent with orthodontic forces: the genetic influence","volume":"75","author":"Nieto-Nieto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nieto-Nieto\n N,\n \n \n Solano\n JE,\n \n \n Ya\u00f1ez-Vico\n R.\n \n \n External apical root resorption concurrent with orthodontic forces: the genetic influence.\n\t\t\t\t\tActa Odontol Scand.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t280\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t287."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b21","series-title":"Eur J Oral Sci","first-page":"467","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of digitized periapical radiographs validated against micro computed tomography scanning in evaluating orthodontically induced apical root resorption","volume":"116","author":"Dudic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dudic\n A,\n \n \n Giannopoulou\n C,\n \n \n Martinez\n M,\n \n \n Montet\n X,\n \n \n Kiliaridis\n S.\n \n \n Diagnostic accuracy of digitized periapical radiographs validated against micro computed tomography scanning in evaluating orthodontically induced apical root resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Oral Sci.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t116:\n\t\t\t\t\t467\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t472."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-3-293-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"276","article-title":"Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth","volume":"70","author":"Ericson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ericson\n S,\n \n \n Kurol\n J.\n \n \n Incisor root resorptions due to ectopic maxillary canines imaged by computerized tomography: a comparative study in extracted teeth.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2000;\n\t\t\t\t\t70:\n\t\t\t\t\t276\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t283."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/91\/3\/article-p293.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/91\/3\/293\/2818824\/i0003-3219-91-3-293.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/91\/3\/article-p293.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/91\/3\/article-p293.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:20:33Z","timestamp":1780060833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/91\/3\/article-p293.xml"}},"subtitle":["A comparative clinical study using micro\u2013computed tomography"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/052220-465.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}}}