{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:04:57Z","timestamp":1780063497718,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the esthetic perceptions of orthodontists and laypersons for facial profile changes after orthodontic treatment using Herbst or Forsus appliances.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n Pre- and posttreatment facial profile contour images of 20 Class II patients treated with Herbst (group H; n = 10) and Forsus (group F; n = 10) appliances were analyzed by 30 orthodontists and 30 laypersons, who graded them from 1 (unattractive) to 10 (very attractive) using a visual analog scale. Two assessments were carried out with a 15 day-interval. In the first evaluation, 40 images were presented in a random sequence. In the second evaluation, initial and final facial profile images of each patient were randomly presented side by side. To compare groups in relation to treatment method, Mann-Whitney tests were used. To evaluate differences between time points, Wilcoxon tests were used.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In the first evaluation, there was a significant difference between initial and final images only for group H, for both laypersons (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .017) and orthodontists (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .037). There was also a significant difference between laypersons and orthodontists in their ratings of posttreatment Herbst appliance profiles (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .028). There was no significant difference between initial and final facial profile images for group F and no significant differences between or within evaluator groups in their ratings of initial or final Forsus appliance profiles. In the second evaluation, there was a significant difference between appliance groups only for laypersons, who considered cases treated with the Herbst appliance more attractive than those treated with the Forsus (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .031). Laypersons also considered Herbst profiles more attractive than did orthodontists (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .047).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Class II malocclusion treatment using the Herbst appliance may produce a more esthetically improved facial profile silhouette compared with Forsus appliances. The magnitude of perceived changes may not be considered clinically relevant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/052719-362.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,24]],"date-time":"2020-02-24T11:06:57Z","timestamp":1582542417000},"page":"571-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Esthetic perception of facial profile changes in Class II patients treated with Herbst or Forsus appliances"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Alexa Helena Kohler","family":"Moresca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaly Dias","family":"de Moraes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francielle","family":"Topolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Flores-Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Cesar","family":"Moresca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisele Maria","family":"Correr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b01","series-title":"Eur J Dent","first-page":"423","article-title":"Evaluation of the immediate dentofacial changes in late adolescent patients treated with the Forsus (FRD)","volume":"5","author":"Gunay","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gunay\n EA,\n \n \n Arun\n T,\n \n \n Nalbantgil\n D.\n \n \n Evaluation of the immediate dentofacial changes in late adolescent patients treated with the Forsus (FRD).\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t423\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t432."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b02","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"113","article-title":"Changes in soft-tissue profiles after treatment of Class II\/1 patients with bite-jumping appliances","volume":"74","author":"Lisson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lisson\n JA,\n \n \n Mokrys\n K,\n \n \n Kinzinger\n GS,\n \n \n Glasl\n B,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B.\n \n \n Changes in soft-tissue profiles after treatment of Class II\/1 patients with bite-jumping appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t74:\n\t\t\t\t\t113\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t123."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b03","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"167","article-title":"Facial-profile attractiveness changes in adult patients treated with the Herbst appliance","volume":"75","author":"Von Bremen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Von Bremen\n J,\n \n \n Erbe\n C,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H,\n \n \n Ruf\n S.\n \n \n Facial-profile attractiveness changes in adult patients treated with the Herbst appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t167\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"221","article-title":"Class II correction with the cantilever bite jumper: a variant of the Herbst","volume":"79","author":"Moro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moro\n A,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Henriques\n JF,\n \n \n Petrelli\n NE,\n \n \n Lauris\n JP.\n \n \n Class II correction with the cantilever bite jumper: a variant of the Herbst.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t221\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t229."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b05","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"113","article-title":"Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Zymperdikas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zymperdikas\n VF,\n \n \n Koretsi\n V,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN,\n \n \n Papadopoulos\n MA.\n \n \n Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t113\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"23","article-title":"Efficiency of three mandibular anchorage forms in Herbst treatment: a cephalometric investigation","volume":"75","author":"Weschler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weschler\n D,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Efficiency of three mandibular anchorage forms in Herbst treatment: a cephalometric investigation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t23\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t27."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"930","article-title":"Herbst treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in retrognathic and prognathic facial types","volume":"76","author":"Bock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bock\n N,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Herbst treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in retrognathic and prognathic facial types.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t930\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t941."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"352","article-title":"Herbst\/multibracket appliance treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in early and late adulthood: a prospective cephalometric study of consecutively treated subjects","volume":"28","author":"Ruf","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruf\n S,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Herbst\/multibracket appliance treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in early and late adulthood: a prospective cephalometric study of consecutively treated subjects.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t28:\n\t\t\t\t\t352\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t360."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b09","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"121","article-title":"Soft tissue changes produced by a banded-type Herbst appliance in late mixed dentition patients","volume":"9","author":"De Almeida","year":"2008","unstructured":"De Almeida\n MR,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Brand\u00e3o\n AG,\n \n \n de Almeida\n RR,\n \n \n de Almeida-Pedrin\n RR.\n \n \n Soft tissue changes produced by a banded-type Herbst appliance in late mixed dentition patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tWorld J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t121\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t131."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b10","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"116","article-title":"Reaction of facial soft tissues to treatment with a Herbst appliance","volume":"73","author":"Meyer-Marcotty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meyer-Marcotty\n P,\n \n \n Kochel\n J,\n \n \n Richter\n U,\n \n \n Richter\n F,\n \n \n Stellzig-Eisenhauer\n A.\n \n \n Reaction of facial soft tissues to treatment with a Herbst appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t73:\n\t\t\t\t\t116\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t125."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"64","article-title":"Retrospective study of clinical complications during orthodontic treatment with either a removable mandibular acrylic splint Herbst or with a cantilever Herbst","volume":"85","author":"Silva","year":"2015","unstructured":"Silva\n JF,\n \n \n Gerszewski\n C,\n \n \n Moresca\n RC,\n \n \n Correr\n GM,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Moro\n A.\n \n \n Retrospective study of clinical complications during orthodontic treatment with either a removable mandibular acrylic splint Herbst or with a cantilever Herbst.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t64\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t71."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b12","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"136","article-title":"Active-treatment effects of the Forsus fatigue resistant device during comprehensive Class II correction in growing patients","volume":"44","author":"Cacciatore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cacciatore\n G,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Defraia\n E,\n \n \n Ghislanzoni\n LT,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Active-treatment effects of the Forsus fatigue resistant device during comprehensive Class II correction in growing patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t44:\n\t\t\t\t\t136\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t142."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"784","article-title":"Treatment effects produced by the twin-block appliance vs the Forsus fatigue resistant device in growing Class II patients","volume":"85","author":"Giuntini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giuntini\n V,\n \n \n Vangelisti\n A,\n \n \n Masucci\n C,\n \n \n Defraia\n E,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Treatment effects produced by the twin-block appliance vs the Forsus fatigue resistant device in growing Class II patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t784\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t789."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"80","article-title":"Analysis of Class II patients, successfully treated with the straight-wire and Forsus appliances, based on cervical vertebral maturation status","volume":"85","author":"Servello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Servello\n DF,\n \n \n Fallis\n DW,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L.\n \n \n Analysis of Class II patients, successfully treated with the straight-wire and Forsus appliances, based on cervical vertebral maturation status.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t80\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t86."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"437","article-title":"Patient experiences with the Forsus fatigue resistant device","volume":"83","author":"Bowman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bowman\n AC,\n \n \n Saltaji\n H,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Preston\n B,\n \n \n Tabbaa\n S.\n \n \n Patient experiences with the Forsus fatigue resistant device.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t83:\n\t\t\t\t\t437\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t446."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"678","article-title":"Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients","volume":"81","author":"Franchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Giuntini\n V,\n \n \n Masucci\n C,\n \n \n Defraia\n E,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T.\n \n \n Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t678\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t683."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Treatment and posttreatment effects induced by the Forsus appliance: a controlled clinical study","volume":"84","author":"Cacciatore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cacciatore\n G,\n \n \n Ghislanzoni\n LT,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Giuntini\n V,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Treatment and posttreatment effects induced by the Forsus appliance: a controlled clinical study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t84:\n\t\t\t\t\t1010\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1017."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b18","series-title":"Dental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial","first-page":"101","article-title":"Step by step description of the Herbst appliance with stainless steel crowns on the maxillary first molars and a removable mandibular occlusal coverage acrylic","volume":"6","author":"Moro","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moro\n A,\n \n \n Fuziy\n A,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Henriques\n JFC,\n \n \n Janson\n GRP.\n \n \n Step by step description of the Herbst appliance with stainless steel crowns on the maxillary first molars and a removable mandibular occlusal coverage acrylic.\n\t\t\t\t\tDental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t6:\n\t\t\t\t\t101\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t108."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"316","article-title":"An improved version of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth","volume":"72","author":"Baccetti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n An improved version of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2002;\n\t\t\t\t\t72:\n\t\t\t\t\t316\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t323."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"464","article-title":"Significance of the soft tissue profile on facial esthetics","volume":"119","author":"Spyropoulos","year":"2001","unstructured":"Spyropoulos\n MN,\n \n \n Halazonetis\n DJ.\n \n \n Significance of the soft tissue profile on facial esthetics.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t119:\n\t\t\t\t\t464\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t471."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b21","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"168","article-title":"Dental Aesthetic Index scores and perception of personal dental appearance among Turkish university students","volume":"31","author":"Hamamci","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hamamci\n N,\n \n \n Ba\u015faran\n G,\n \n \n Uysal\n E.\n \n \n Dental Aesthetic Index scores and perception of personal dental appearance among Turkish university students.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t31:\n\t\t\t\t\t168\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t173."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"457","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of growing Class II Division 1 patients with varying degrees of anteroposterior and vertical dysplasias, part 2. Profile silhouette evaluation","volume":"125","author":"Mergen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mergen\n JL,\n \n \n Southard\n KA,\n \n \n Dawson\n DV,\n \n \n Fogle\n LL,\n \n \n Casko\n JS,\n \n \n Southard\n TE.\n \n \n Treatment outcomes of growing Class II Division 1 patients with varying degrees of anteroposterior and vertical dysplasias, part 2. Profile silhouette evaluation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t125:\n\t\t\t\t\t457\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t462."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b23","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"515","article-title":"Facial attractiveness of skeletal Class II patients before and after mandibular advancement surgery as perceived by people with different backgrounds","volume":"35","author":"Ng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ng\n D,\n \n \n De Silva\n RK,\n \n \n Smit\n R,\n \n \n De Silva\n H,\n \n \n Farella\n M.\n \n \n Facial attractiveness of skeletal Class II patients before and after mandibular advancement surgery as perceived by people with different backgrounds.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t35:\n\t\t\t\t\t515\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t520."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b24","series-title":"Braz Oral Res.","article-title":"Esthetic perception of facial profile after treatment with the Thurow appliance","author":"Pithon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pithon\n MM,\n \n \n Lacerda-Santos\n R,\n \n \n Oliveira\n DL,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Esthetic perception of facial profile after treatment with the Thurow appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tBraz Oral Res.2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t29.doi:10.1590\/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0043"},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b25","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"S87","article-title":"Esthetic preferences of European American, Hispanic American, Japanese, and African judges for soft-tissue profiles","volume":"135","author":"Nomura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nomura\n M,\n \n \n Motegi\n E,\n \n \n Hatch\n JP,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Esthetic preferences of European American, Hispanic American, Japanese, and African judges for soft-tissue profiles.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t135:\n\t\t\t\t\tS87\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tS95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b26","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"103","article-title":"Perception of facial profile attractiveness of different antero-posterior and vertical proportions","volume":"33","author":"Abu Arqoub","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abu Arqoub\n SH,\n \n \n Al-Khateeb\n SN.\n \n \n Perception of facial profile attractiveness of different antero-posterior and vertical proportions.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t33:\n\t\t\t\t\t103\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t111."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b27","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"141","article-title":"The ability of orthodontists and laypeople to discriminate mandibular stepwise advancements in a Class II retrognathic mandible","volume":"13","author":"Barroso","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barroso\n MC,\n \n \n Silva\n NC,\n \n \n Quint\u00e3o\n CC,\n \n \n Normando\n D.\n \n \n The ability of orthodontists and laypeople to discriminate mandibular stepwise advancements in a Class II retrognathic mandible.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t13:\n\t\t\t\t\t141\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t147."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b28","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"712","article-title":"Soft tissue changes with fixed functional appliances in Class II division 1","volume":"76","author":"Flores-Mir","year":"2006","unstructured":"Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Major\n MP,\n \n \n Major\n PW.\n \n \n Soft tissue changes with fixed functional appliances in Class II division 1.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t712\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t720."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b29","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"732","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment changes of chin position in Class II Division 1 patients","volume":"130","author":"LaHaye","year":"2006","unstructured":"LaHaye\n MB,\n \n \n Buschang\n PH,\n \n \n Alexander\n RG,\n \n \n Boley\n JC.\n \n \n Orthodontic treatment changes of chin position in Class II Division 1 patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t130:\n\t\t\t\t\t732\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t741."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b30","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"311","article-title":"Esthetic perceptions of facial silhouettes after treatment with a mandibular protraction appliance","volume":"151","author":"Molina de Paula","year":"2017","unstructured":"Molina de Paula\n EC,\n \n \n Conti\n ACCF,\n \n \n Siqueira\n DF,\n \n \n Valarelli\n DP,\n \n \n Almeida-Pedrin\n AR.\n \n \n Esthetic perceptions of facial silhouettes after treatment with a mandibular protraction appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t151:\n\t\t\t\t\t311\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t316."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b01","series-title":"Eur J Dent","first-page":"423","article-title":"Evaluation of the immediate dentofacial changes in late adolescent patients treated with the Forsus (FRD)","volume":"5","author":"Gunay","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gunay\n EA,\n \n \n Arun\n T,\n \n \n Nalbantgil\n D.\n \n \n Evaluation of the immediate dentofacial changes in late adolescent patients treated with the Forsus (FRD).\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t423\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t432."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b02","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"113","article-title":"Changes in soft-tissue profiles after treatment of Class II\/1 patients with bite-jumping appliances","volume":"74","author":"Lisson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lisson\n JA,\n \n \n Mokrys\n K,\n \n \n Kinzinger\n GS,\n \n \n Glasl\n B,\n \n \n Ludwig\n B.\n \n \n Changes in soft-tissue profiles after treatment of Class II\/1 patients with bite-jumping appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t74:\n\t\t\t\t\t113\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t123."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b03","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"167","article-title":"Facial-profile attractiveness changes in adult patients treated with the Herbst appliance","volume":"75","author":"Von Bremen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Von Bremen\n J,\n \n \n Erbe\n C,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H,\n \n \n Ruf\n S.\n \n \n Facial-profile attractiveness changes in adult patients treated with the Herbst appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t167\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"221","article-title":"Class II correction with the cantilever bite jumper: a variant of the Herbst","volume":"79","author":"Moro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moro\n A,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Henriques\n JF,\n \n \n Petrelli\n NE,\n \n \n Lauris\n JP.\n \n \n Class II correction with the cantilever bite jumper: a variant of the Herbst.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t221\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t229."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b05","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"113","article-title":"Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Zymperdikas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zymperdikas\n VF,\n \n \n Koretsi\n V,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN,\n \n \n Papadopoulos\n MA.\n \n \n Treatment effects of fixed functional appliances in patients with Class II malocclusion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t38:\n\t\t\t\t\t113\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"23","article-title":"Efficiency of three mandibular anchorage forms in Herbst treatment: a cephalometric investigation","volume":"75","author":"Weschler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Weschler\n D,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Efficiency of three mandibular anchorage forms in Herbst treatment: a cephalometric investigation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t23\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t27."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"930","article-title":"Herbst treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in retrognathic and prognathic facial types","volume":"76","author":"Bock","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bock\n N,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Herbst treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in retrognathic and prognathic facial types.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t930\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t941."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"352","article-title":"Herbst\/multibracket appliance treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in early and late adulthood: a prospective cephalometric study of consecutively treated subjects","volume":"28","author":"Ruf","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruf\n S,\n \n \n Pancherz\n H.\n \n \n Herbst\/multibracket appliance treatment of Class II division 1 malocclusions in early and late adulthood: a prospective cephalometric study of consecutively treated subjects.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t28:\n\t\t\t\t\t352\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t360."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b09","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"121","article-title":"Soft tissue changes produced by a banded-type Herbst appliance in late mixed dentition patients","volume":"9","author":"De Almeida","year":"2008","unstructured":"De Almeida\n MR,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Brand\u00e3o\n AG,\n \n \n de Almeida\n RR,\n \n \n de Almeida-Pedrin\n RR.\n \n \n Soft tissue changes produced by a banded-type Herbst appliance in late mixed dentition patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tWorld J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t121\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t131."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b10","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"116","article-title":"Reaction of facial soft tissues to treatment with a Herbst appliance","volume":"73","author":"Meyer-Marcotty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Meyer-Marcotty\n P,\n \n \n Kochel\n J,\n \n \n Richter\n U,\n \n \n Richter\n F,\n \n \n Stellzig-Eisenhauer\n A.\n \n \n Reaction of facial soft tissues to treatment with a Herbst appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t73:\n\t\t\t\t\t116\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t125."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"64","article-title":"Retrospective study of clinical complications during orthodontic treatment with either a removable mandibular acrylic splint Herbst or with a cantilever Herbst","volume":"85","author":"Silva","year":"2015","unstructured":"Silva\n JF,\n \n \n Gerszewski\n C,\n \n \n Moresca\n RC,\n \n \n Correr\n GM,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Moro\n A.\n \n \n Retrospective study of clinical complications during orthodontic treatment with either a removable mandibular acrylic splint Herbst or with a cantilever Herbst.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t64\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t71."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b12","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"136","article-title":"Active-treatment effects of the Forsus fatigue resistant device during comprehensive Class II correction in growing patients","volume":"44","author":"Cacciatore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cacciatore\n G,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Defraia\n E,\n \n \n Ghislanzoni\n LT,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Active-treatment effects of the Forsus fatigue resistant device during comprehensive Class II correction in growing patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t44:\n\t\t\t\t\t136\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t142."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"784","article-title":"Treatment effects produced by the twin-block appliance vs the Forsus fatigue resistant device in growing Class II patients","volume":"85","author":"Giuntini","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giuntini\n V,\n \n \n Vangelisti\n A,\n \n \n Masucci\n C,\n \n \n Defraia\n E,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Treatment effects produced by the twin-block appliance vs the Forsus fatigue resistant device in growing Class II patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t784\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t789."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"80","article-title":"Analysis of Class II patients, successfully treated with the straight-wire and Forsus appliances, based on cervical vertebral maturation status","volume":"85","author":"Servello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Servello\n DF,\n \n \n Fallis\n DW,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L.\n \n \n Analysis of Class II patients, successfully treated with the straight-wire and Forsus appliances, based on cervical vertebral maturation status.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t80\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t86."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"437","article-title":"Patient experiences with the Forsus fatigue resistant device","volume":"83","author":"Bowman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bowman\n AC,\n \n \n Saltaji\n H,\n \n \n Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Preston\n B,\n \n \n Tabbaa\n S.\n \n \n Patient experiences with the Forsus fatigue resistant device.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t83:\n\t\t\t\t\t437\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t446."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"678","article-title":"Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients","volume":"81","author":"Franchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Giuntini\n V,\n \n \n Masucci\n C,\n \n \n Defraia\n E,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T.\n \n \n Effectiveness of comprehensive fixed appliance treatment used with the Forsus fatigue resistant device in Class II patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t678\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t683."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1010","article-title":"Treatment and posttreatment effects induced by the Forsus appliance: a controlled clinical study","volume":"84","author":"Cacciatore","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cacciatore\n G,\n \n \n Ghislanzoni\n LT,\n \n \n Alvetro\n L,\n \n \n Giuntini\n V,\n \n \n Franchi\n L.\n \n \n Treatment and posttreatment effects induced by the Forsus appliance: a controlled clinical study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t84:\n\t\t\t\t\t1010\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1017."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b18","series-title":"Dental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial","first-page":"101","article-title":"Step by step description of the Herbst appliance with stainless steel crowns on the maxillary first molars and a removable mandibular occlusal coverage acrylic","volume":"6","author":"Moro","year":"2001","unstructured":"Moro\n A,\n \n \n Fuziy\n A,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Henriques\n JFC,\n \n \n Janson\n GRP.\n \n \n Step by step description of the Herbst appliance with stainless steel crowns on the maxillary first molars and a removable mandibular occlusal coverage acrylic.\n\t\t\t\t\tDental Press Ortodon Ortop Facial.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t6:\n\t\t\t\t\t101\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t108."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"316","article-title":"An improved version of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth","volume":"72","author":"Baccetti","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n An improved version of the cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2002;\n\t\t\t\t\t72:\n\t\t\t\t\t316\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t323."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"464","article-title":"Significance of the soft tissue profile on facial esthetics","volume":"119","author":"Spyropoulos","year":"2001","unstructured":"Spyropoulos\n MN,\n \n \n Halazonetis\n DJ.\n \n \n Significance of the soft tissue profile on facial esthetics.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t119:\n\t\t\t\t\t464\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t471."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b21","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"168","article-title":"Dental Aesthetic Index scores and perception of personal dental appearance among Turkish university students","volume":"31","author":"Hamamci","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hamamci\n N,\n \n \n Ba\u015faran\n G,\n \n \n Uysal\n E.\n \n \n Dental Aesthetic Index scores and perception of personal dental appearance among Turkish university students.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t31:\n\t\t\t\t\t168\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t173."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"457","article-title":"Treatment outcomes of growing Class II Division 1 patients with varying degrees of anteroposterior and vertical dysplasias, part 2. Profile silhouette evaluation","volume":"125","author":"Mergen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mergen\n JL,\n \n \n Southard\n KA,\n \n \n Dawson\n DV,\n \n \n Fogle\n LL,\n \n \n Casko\n JS,\n \n \n Southard\n TE.\n \n \n Treatment outcomes of growing Class II Division 1 patients with varying degrees of anteroposterior and vertical dysplasias, part 2. Profile silhouette evaluation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t125:\n\t\t\t\t\t457\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t462."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b23","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"515","article-title":"Facial attractiveness of skeletal Class II patients before and after mandibular advancement surgery as perceived by people with different backgrounds","volume":"35","author":"Ng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ng\n D,\n \n \n De Silva\n RK,\n \n \n Smit\n R,\n \n \n De Silva\n H,\n \n \n Farella\n M.\n \n \n Facial attractiveness of skeletal Class II patients before and after mandibular advancement surgery as perceived by people with different backgrounds.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t35:\n\t\t\t\t\t515\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t520."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b24","series-title":"Braz Oral Res.","article-title":"Esthetic perception of facial profile after treatment with the Thurow appliance","author":"Pithon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pithon\n MM,\n \n \n Lacerda-Santos\n R,\n \n \n Oliveira\n DL,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Esthetic perception of facial profile after treatment with the Thurow appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tBraz Oral Res.2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t29.doi:10.1590\/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0043"},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b25","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"S87","article-title":"Esthetic preferences of European American, Hispanic American, Japanese, and African judges for soft-tissue profiles","volume":"135","author":"Nomura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nomura\n M,\n \n \n Motegi\n E,\n \n \n Hatch\n JP,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Esthetic preferences of European American, Hispanic American, Japanese, and African judges for soft-tissue profiles.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t135:\n\t\t\t\t\tS87\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tS95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b26","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"103","article-title":"Perception of facial profile attractiveness of different antero-posterior and vertical proportions","volume":"33","author":"Abu Arqoub","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abu Arqoub\n SH,\n \n \n Al-Khateeb\n SN.\n \n \n Perception of facial profile attractiveness of different antero-posterior and vertical proportions.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t33:\n\t\t\t\t\t103\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t111."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b27","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"141","article-title":"The ability of orthodontists and laypeople to discriminate mandibular stepwise advancements in a Class II retrognathic mandible","volume":"13","author":"Barroso","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barroso\n MC,\n \n \n Silva\n NC,\n \n \n Quint\u00e3o\n CC,\n \n \n Normando\n D.\n \n \n The ability of orthodontists and laypeople to discriminate mandibular stepwise advancements in a Class II retrognathic mandible.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t13:\n\t\t\t\t\t141\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t147."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b28","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"712","article-title":"Soft tissue changes with fixed functional appliances in Class II division 1","volume":"76","author":"Flores-Mir","year":"2006","unstructured":"Flores-Mir\n C,\n \n \n Major\n MP,\n \n \n Major\n PW.\n \n \n Soft tissue changes with fixed functional appliances in Class II division 1.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t712\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t720."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b29","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"732","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment changes of chin position in Class II Division 1 patients","volume":"130","author":"LaHaye","year":"2006","unstructured":"LaHaye\n MB,\n \n \n Buschang\n PH,\n \n \n Alexander\n RG,\n \n \n Boley\n JC.\n \n \n Orthodontic treatment changes of chin position in Class II Division 1 patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t130:\n\t\t\t\t\t732\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t741."},{"key":"i0003-3219-90-4-571-b30","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"311","article-title":"Esthetic perceptions of facial silhouettes after treatment with a mandibular protraction appliance","volume":"151","author":"Molina de Paula","year":"2017","unstructured":"Molina de Paula\n EC,\n \n \n Conti\n ACCF,\n \n \n Siqueira\n DF,\n \n \n Valarelli\n DP,\n \n \n Almeida-Pedrin\n AR.\n \n \n Esthetic perceptions of facial silhouettes after treatment with a mandibular protraction appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t151:\n\t\t\t\t\t311\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t316."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/90\/4\/article-p571.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/90\/4\/571\/2693898\/i0003-3219-90-4-571.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/90\/4\/article-p571.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/90\/4\/article-p571.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:11:16Z","timestamp":1780060276000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/90\/4\/article-p571.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/052719-362.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]}}}