{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:05:42Z","timestamp":1761059142451,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>To compare treatment outcomes of growing and nongrowing Class II patients characterized by mandibular retrusion and increased vertical dimension.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Seventeen patients (mean age 9\u00a0years 5\u00a0months) were treated with a Bionator fabricated with posterior bite block and high-pull headgear, while 15 patients (mean age 23\u00a0years 6\u00a0months) received Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary impaction and mandibular advancement. These groups were compared with 17 nontreated control subjects from the Bolton and Michigan growth studies. Lateral cephalograms taken for the functional group at T1 (initial records), T2 (completion of functional appliance treatment), and T3 (completion of comprehensive treatment) were compared with radiographs taken at T1 (initial records), T2 (immediate post surgery), and T3 (1\u00a0year post surgery) for the surgical patients. A null hypothesis of no difference in treatment outcomes between the functional and surgical groups was proposed. A mixed-design analysis of variance was used to compare changes within and between groups. Significance was set at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 .002.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>In the functional appliance group, the mandible showed a more favorable growth direction and rotation. Both groups had stable results over time and finished treatment with similar cephalometric measurements.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>\n        <jats:sec>\n          <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Both the functional appliances and orthognathic surgery resulted in similar dentoskeletal treatment changes. The control groups did not self correct either in the anteroposterior or vertical dimensions.<\/jats:p>\n        <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/060110-297.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]],"date-time":"2011-01-05T22:17:08Z","timestamp":1294265828000},"page":"304-311","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Dentoskeletal effects of functional appliances vs bimaxillary surgery in hyperdivergent Class II patients"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Adebimpe O.","family":"Ibitayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valmy","family":"Pangrazio-Kulbersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeff","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burcu","family":"Bayirli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b01","series-title":"Contemporary Orthodontics. 4th edition","author":"Proffit, W. 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Stability following combined orthodontic-surgical treatment for skeletal anterior open bite\u2014a cephalometric 15-year follow-up study.J Orofac Orthop2007. 68:245\u2013256."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b20","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"161","article-title":"Skeletal and dento-alveolar stability of Le Fort I intrusion osteotomies and bimaxillary osteotomies in anterior open bite deformities. A retrospective three-centre study.","volume":"26","author":"Hoppenreijs, T. J.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hoppenreijs, T. J., H. P.Freihofer, P. J.Stoelinga, D. B.Tuinzing, M. A.van't Hof, F. P.van der Linden, and S. J.Nottet. Skeletal and dento-alveolar stability of Le Fort I intrusion osteotomies and bimaxillary osteotomies in anterior open bite deformities. 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Relapse following mandibular advancement with dental plus skeletal maxillomandibular fixation.J Oral Surg1986. 44:509\u2013515."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b25","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"547","article-title":"Skeletal and dento-alveolar stability after surgical-orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite: a retrospective study.","volume":"23","author":"Swinnen, K.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Swinnen, K., C.Politis, G.Willems, et al. Skeletal and dento-alveolar stability after surgical-orthodontic treatment of anterior open bite: a retrospective study.Eur J Orthod2001. 23:547\u2013557."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b26","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"450","article-title":"Causes, location, and timing of relapse following rigid fixation after mandibular advancement.","volume":"48","author":"Gassman, C. J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gassman, C. J., J. E.Van Sickels, and W. J.Thrash. Causes, location, and timing of relapse following rigid fixation after mandibular advancement.J Oral Maxillofac Surg1990. 48:450\u2013454."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b27","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"451","article-title":"Long-term comparison of treatment outcome and stability of Class II patients treated with functional appliances versus bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy.","volume":"127","author":"Berger, J. L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Berger, J. L., V.Pangrazio-Kulbersh, C.George, and R.Kaczynski. Long-term comparison of treatment outcome and stability of Class II patients treated with functional appliances versus bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2005. 127:451\u2013464."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b28","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"316","article-title":"An improved version of cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of mandibular growth.","volume":"72","author":"Baccetti, T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baccetti, T., L.Franchi, and J. 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The effect of activator treatment on class II malocclusions.Am J Orthod1979. 75:20\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b32","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"89","article-title":"The maxillary rotation: its relation to the cranial base and the mandibular corpus. An implant study.","volume":"35","author":"Gasson, N.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gasson, N. and J.Lavergne. The maxillary rotation: its relation to the cranial base and the mandibular corpus. An implant study.Acta Odontol Scand1977. 35:89\u201394."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b33","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"595","article-title":"Early orthodontic treatment of skeletal open-bite malocclusion with the open-bite bionator: a cephalometric study.","volume":"132","author":"Defraia, E.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Defraia, E., A.Marinelli, G.Baroni, L.Franchi, and T.Baccetti. Early orthodontic treatment of skeletal open-bite malocclusion with the open-bite bionator: a cephalometric study.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2007. 132:595\u2013598."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b34","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"65","article-title":"Treatment effects produced by the Bionator appliance. Comparison with an untreated Class II sample.","volume":"26","author":"Almeida, M. R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Almeida, M. R., J. F.Henriques, R. R.Almeida, R. R.Almeida-Pedrin, and W.Ursi. Treatment effects produced by the Bionator appliance. Comparison with an untreated Class II sample.Eur J Orthod2004. 26:65\u201372."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b35","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"627","article-title":"Effective temporomandibular joint growth and chin position changes: Activator versus Herbst treatment. A cephalometric roentgenographic study.","volume":"24","author":"Baltromejus, S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Baltromejus, S., S.Ruf, and H.Pancherz. Effective temporomandibular joint growth and chin position changes: Activator versus Herbst treatment. A cephalometric roentgenographic study.Eur J Orthod2002. 24:627\u2013637."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b36","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"319","article-title":"Long term effect of treatment with headgear-Herbst appliance in the early mixed dentition. Stability or relapse?","volume":"104","author":"Weislander, L.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Weislander, L.\n          \n          Long term effect of treatment with headgear-Herbst appliance in the early mixed dentition. Stability or relapse?\n          Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop\n          1993. 104:319\u2013328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b37","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"553","article-title":"The influence of functional orthodontics and mandibular sagittal split advancement osteotomy on dental and skeletal variables\u2014a comparative cephalometric study.","volume":"28","author":"Lohrmann, B.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lohrmann, B., R.Schwestka-Polly, H.N\u00e4gerl, D.Ihlow, and D.Kubein-Meesenburg. The influence of functional orthodontics and mandibular sagittal split advancement osteotomy on dental and skeletal variables\u2014a comparative cephalometric study.Eur J Orthod2006. 28:553\u2013560."},{"key":"i0003-3219-81-2-304-b38","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"134","article-title":"Stability of skeletal Class II correction with 2 surgical techniques: the sagittal split ramus osteotomy and the total mandibular subapical alveolar osteotomy.","volume":"120","author":"Pangrazio-Kulbersh, V.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pangrazio-Kulbersh, V., J. L.Berger, R.Kaczynski, and M.Shunock. Stability of skeletal Class II correction with 2 surgical techniques: the sagittal split ramus osteotomy and the total mandibular subapical alveolar osteotomy.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2001. 120:134\u2013143."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/81\/2\/article-p304.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/81\/2\/article-p304.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/81\/2\/article-p304.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:54:25Z","timestamp":1747356865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/81\/2\/article-p304.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/060110-297.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0003-3219"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1945-7103"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}}}