{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T17:04:03Z","timestamp":1780074243448,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of oral appliances (OAs) in treating obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by length of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a retrospective study to review the usage of OAs in Chinese OSAHS patients in recent decades. Ninety-four valid questionnaires were returned by 412 patients with OSAHS receiving OA treatment. Among the wearers, 22 agreed to follow-up polysomnography, and 25 agreed to follow-up cephalograms. Tolerance and side effects of OAs were assessed by a survey. Comparisons of efficacy were carried out between the initial and follow-up polysomnography measurements. Cephalometric analysis was used to investigate skeletal and occlusal changes to determine safety of the OAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The longest treatment extended to 147\u00a0months, with a median of 74\u00a0months (first and third quartiles, 30 and 99\u00a0months, respectively). Among the participants, 14.9% had been treated for more than 120\u00a0months. Side effects were temporary and relatively minimal and included tooth soreness (37.2%), dry mouth (33.0%), odd bite feeling (31.9%), and excess salivation (30.8%). Polysomnography proved that OAs remained effective for the treatment of OSAHS in the long term; initial Apnea-Hypopnea Index values were reduced from a median of 24.50 (quartiles, 14.65, 54.05) without the OA to 7.40 with the OA (2.12, 10.00), and follow-up median values were 25.55 without the OA (11.71, 43.65) and 4.25 with the OA (1.38, 7.70). Cephalometric analysis indicated mild and slow changes in the skeleton and occlusion after average treatment duration of 5\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OAs provided effective and safe long-term therapy for patients with OSAHS. Follow-up supervision is recommended since long-term alterations take place, although these appear to be minimal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/060412-463.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,27]],"date-time":"2012-12-27T15:20:33Z","timestamp":1356621633000},"page":"653-658","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Long-term therapeutic efficacy of oral appliances in treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Xu","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MS student, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"548","article-title":"Effects of an anteriorly titrated mandibular position on awake airway and obstructive sleep apnea severity","volume":"125","author":"Tsuiki\n              S,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsuiki\n              S, \n            \n              Lowe\n              AA, \n            \n              Almeida\n              FR, \n            \n              Fleetham\n              JA. \n          \n          Effects of an anteriorly titrated mandibular position on awake airway and obstructive sleep apnea severity. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:548\u2013555."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"248","article-title":"Effects of a mandibular repositioner on obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"118","author":"Liu\n              Y,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Liu\n              Y, \n            \n              Zeng\n              X, \n            \n              Fu\n              M, \n            \n              Huang\n              X, \n            \n              Lowe\n              AA. \n          \n          Effects of a mandibular repositioner on obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:248\u2013256."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b03","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"914","article-title":"Titrated mandibular advancement versus positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea","volume":"34","author":"Gagnadoux\n              F,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gagnadoux\n              F, \n            \n              Fleury\n              B, \n            \n              Vielle\n              B, \n            et al. \n          Titrated mandibular advancement versus positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea. Eur Respir J. 2009;34:914\u2013920."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b04","series-title":"Eur Respir","first-page":"1241","article-title":"Non-CPAP therapies in obstructive sleep apnoea: mandibular advancement device therapy","volume":"39","author":"Marklund\n              M,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marklund\n              M, \n            \n              Verbraecken\n              J, \n            \n              Randerath\n              W. \n          \n          Non-CPAP therapies in obstructive sleep apnoea: mandibular advancement device therapy. Eur Respir. 2012;39:1241\u20131247."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b05","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod","first-page":"593","article-title":"Evaluation of an oral mandibular advancement titration appliance","volume":"101","author":"Kuna\n              ST,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kuna\n              ST, \n            \n              Giarraputo\n              PC, \n            \n              Stanton\n              DC, \n            \n              Levin\n              LM, \n            \n              Frantz\n              D. \n          \n          Evaluation of an oral mandibular advancement titration appliance. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101:593\u2013603."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"273","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of an oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a 2-year follow-up","volume":"121","author":"Rose\n              EC,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rose\n              EC, \n            \n              Barthlen\n              GM, \n            \n              Staats\n              R, \n            \n              Jonas\n              IE. \n          \n          Therapeutic efficacy of an oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a 2-year follow-up. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:273\u2013279."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b07","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"162","article-title":"Mandibular advancement device in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: long-term effects on apnea and sleep","volume":"120","author":"Marklund\n              M,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marklund\n              M, \n            \n              Sahlin\n              C, \n            \n              Stenlund\n              H, \n            \n              Persson\n              M, \n            \n              Franklin\n              KA. \n          \n          Mandibular advancement device in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: long-term effects on apnea and sleep. Chest. 2001;120:162\u2013169."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"452","article-title":"Occlusal side effects caused by a mandibular advancement appliance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"71","author":"Rose\n              EC,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rose\n              EC, \n            \n              Schnegelsberg\n              C, \n            \n              Staats\n              R, \n            \n              Jonas\n              IE. \n          \n          Occlusal side effects caused by a mandibular advancement appliance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Angle Orthod. 2001;71:452\u2013460."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b09","series-title":"Swed Dent J","first-page":"117","article-title":"Effect and adverse events of a dental appliance for treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"23","author":"Tegelberg\n              A,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tegelberg\n              A, \n            \n              Wilhelmsson\n              B, \n            \n              Walker-Engstrom\n              ML, \n            et al. \n          Effect and adverse events of a dental appliance for treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. Swed Dent J. 1999;23:117\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b10","series-title":"Sleep Breath","first-page":"195","article-title":"The efficacy of oral appliances in the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"15","author":"Lam\n              B,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lam\n              B, \n            \n              Sam\n              K, \n            \n              Lam\n              JC, \n            \n              Lai\n              AY, \n            \n              Lam\n              CL, \n            \n              Ip\n              MS. \n          \n          The efficacy of oral appliances in the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath. 2011;15:195\u2013201."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b11","series-title":"J Prosthet Dent","first-page":"314","article-title":"Ten-year follow-up of mandibular advancement devices for the management of snoring and sleep apnea","volume":"99","author":"Jauhar\n              S,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jauhar\n              S, \n            \n              Lyons\n              MF, \n            \n              Banham\n              SW, \n            \n              Cameron\n              DA, \n            \n              Orchardson\n              R. \n          \n          Ten-year follow-up of mandibular advancement devices for the management of snoring and sleep apnea. J Prosthet Dent. 2008;99:314\u2013321."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"30","article-title":"Five years of sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Side effects and technical complications","volume":"80","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Gomis\n              J,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Gomis\n              J, \n            \n              Willaert\n              E, \n            \n              Nogues\n              L, \n            \n              Pascual\n              M, \n            \n              Somoza\n              M, \n            \n              Monasterio\n              C. \n          \n          Five years of sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Side effects and technical complications. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:30\u201336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b13","series-title":"Sleep","first-page":"237","article-title":"Dental side effects of an oral device to treat snoring and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"22","author":"Pantin\n              CC,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pantin\n              CC, \n            \n              Hillman\n              DR, \n            \n              Tennant\n              M. \n          \n          Dental side effects of an oral device to treat snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep. 1999;22:237\u2013240."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b14","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"687","article-title":"Treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring: assessment of an anterior mandibular positioning device","volume":"126","author":"Clark\n              GT,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clark\n              GT, \n            \n              Sohn\n              J, \n            \n              Hong\n              CN. \n          \n          Treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring: assessment of an anterior mandibular positioning device. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000;126:687\u2013693."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b15","series-title":"Swiss Med Wkly","first-page":"w13276","article-title":"Mandibular advancement splints for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"141","author":"Sutherland\n              K,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sutherland\n              K, \n            \n              Cistulli\n              P. \n          \n          Mandibular advancement splints for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome. Swiss Med Wkly. 2011;141:w13276."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"214","article-title":"Predictors of long-term orthodontic side effects from mandibular advancement devices in patients with snoring and obsrructive sleep apnea","volume":"129","author":"Marklund\n              M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marklund\n              M. \n          \n          Predictors of long-term orthodontic side effects from mandibular advancement devices in patients with snoring and obsrructive sleep apnea. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:214\u2013221."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b17","series-title":"Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac","first-page":"80","article-title":"Mandibular advancement device: a 5-year long experience in obstructive sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome","volume":"112","author":"Tison\n              C,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tison\n              C, \n            \n              S\u00e9bille-Elhage\n              S, \n            \n              Ferri\n              J. \n          \n          Mandibular advancement device: a 5-year long experience in obstructive sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac. 2011;112:80\u201386."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b18","series-title":"Int Orthod","first-page":"S1761","article-title":"A mandibular advancement device for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: long-term use and tolerance","volume":"pii","author":"Brette\n              C,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brette\n              C, \n            \n              Ramanantsoa\n              H, \n            \n              Renouardiere\n              J, \n            \n              Renouardiere\n              R, \n            \n              Roisman\n              G, \n            \n              Escourrou\n              P. \n          \n          A mandibular advancement device for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: long-term use and tolerance. Int Orthod. 2012;pii:S1761\u20137227(12)00070-8. [Epub ahead of print]"},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b19","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"249","article-title":"Face height and tooth eruption in adults: a 20-year follow-up investigation","volume":"13","author":"Forsberg\n              CM,","year":"1991","unstructured":"Forsberg\n              CM, \n            \n              Eliasson\n              S, \n            \n              Westergren\n              H. \n          \n          Face height and tooth eruption in adults: a 20-year follow-up investigation. Eur J Orthod. 1991;13:249\u2013254."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b20","series-title":"Dent Clin North Am","first-page":"433","article-title":"Effectiveness and outcome of oral appliance therapy","volume":"56","author":"Pliska\n              BT,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pliska\n              BT, \n            \n              Almeida\n              F. \n          \n          Effectiveness and outcome of oral appliance therapy. Dent Clin North Am. 2012;56:433\u2013444."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b21","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"871","article-title":"Occlusal and skeletal effects of an oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"122","author":"Rose\n              EC,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rose\n              EC, \n            \n              Staats\n              R, \n            \n              Virchow\n              C\n              Jr, \n            \n              Jonas\n              IE. \n          \n          Occlusal and skeletal effects of an oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. Chest. 2002;122:871\u2013877."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"53","article-title":"Dental and skeletal changes after 4\u00a0years of obstructive sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device: a prospective, randomized study","volume":"124","author":"Ringqvist\n              M,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ringqvist\n              M, \n            \n              Walker-Engstrom\n              ML, \n            \n              Tegelberg\n              A, \n            \n              Ringqvist\n              I. \n          \n          Dental and skeletal changes after 4\u00a0years of obstructive sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device: a prospective, randomized study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;124:53\u201360."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"195","article-title":"Long-term sequelae of oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients: part 1. Cephalometric analysis","volume":"129","author":"Almeida\n              FR,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Almeida\n              FR, \n            \n              Lowe\n              AA, \n            \n              Sung\n              JO, \n            \n              Tsuiki\n              S, \n            \n              Otsuka\n              R. \n          \n          Long-term sequelae of oral appliance therapy in obstructive sleep apnea patients: part 1. Cephalometric analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:195\u2013204."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"548","article-title":"Effects of an anteriorly titrated mandibular position on awake airway and obstructive sleep apnea severity","volume":"125","author":"Tsuiki\n              S,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsuiki\n              S, \n            \n              Lowe\n              AA, \n            \n              Almeida\n              FR, \n            \n              Fleetham\n              JA. \n          \n          Effects of an anteriorly titrated mandibular position on awake airway and obstructive sleep apnea severity. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:548\u2013555."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"248","article-title":"Effects of a mandibular repositioner on obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"118","author":"Liu\n              Y,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Liu\n              Y, \n            \n              Zeng\n              X, \n            \n              Fu\n              M, \n            \n              Huang\n              X, \n            \n              Lowe\n              AA. \n          \n          Effects of a mandibular repositioner on obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:248\u2013256."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b03","series-title":"Eur Respir J","first-page":"914","article-title":"Titrated mandibular advancement versus positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea","volume":"34","author":"Gagnadoux\n              F,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gagnadoux\n              F, \n            \n              Fleury\n              B, \n            \n              Vielle\n              B, \n            et al. \n          Titrated mandibular advancement versus positive airway pressure for sleep apnoea. 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Eur Respir. 2012;39:1241\u20131247."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b05","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod","first-page":"593","article-title":"Evaluation of an oral mandibular advancement titration appliance","volume":"101","author":"Kuna\n              ST,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kuna\n              ST, \n            \n              Giarraputo\n              PC, \n            \n              Stanton\n              DC, \n            \n              Levin\n              LM, \n            \n              Frantz\n              D. \n          \n          Evaluation of an oral mandibular advancement titration appliance. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101:593\u2013603."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"273","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of an oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a 2-year follow-up","volume":"121","author":"Rose\n              EC,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rose\n              EC, \n            \n              Barthlen\n              GM, \n            \n              Staats\n              R, \n            \n              Jonas\n              IE. \n          \n          Therapeutic efficacy of an oral appliance in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a 2-year follow-up. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:273\u2013279."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b07","series-title":"Chest","first-page":"162","article-title":"Mandibular advancement device in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: long-term effects on apnea and sleep","volume":"120","author":"Marklund\n              M,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marklund\n              M, \n            \n              Sahlin\n              C, \n            \n              Stenlund\n              H, \n            \n              Persson\n              M, \n            \n              Franklin\n              KA. \n          \n          Mandibular advancement device in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: long-term effects on apnea and sleep. Chest. 2001;120:162\u2013169."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"452","article-title":"Occlusal side effects caused by a mandibular advancement appliance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"71","author":"Rose\n              EC,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rose\n              EC, \n            \n              Schnegelsberg\n              C, \n            \n              Staats\n              R, \n            \n              Jonas\n              IE. \n          \n          Occlusal side effects caused by a mandibular advancement appliance in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Angle Orthod. 2001;71:452\u2013460."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b09","series-title":"Swed Dent J","first-page":"117","article-title":"Effect and adverse events of a dental appliance for treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"23","author":"Tegelberg\n              A,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tegelberg\n              A, \n            \n              Wilhelmsson\n              B, \n            \n              Walker-Engstrom\n              ML, \n            et al. \n          Effect and adverse events of a dental appliance for treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. Swed Dent J. 1999;23:117\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b10","series-title":"Sleep Breath","first-page":"195","article-title":"The efficacy of oral appliances in the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"15","author":"Lam\n              B,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lam\n              B, \n            \n              Sam\n              K, \n            \n              Lam\n              JC, \n            \n              Lai\n              AY, \n            \n              Lam\n              CL, \n            \n              Ip\n              MS. \n          \n          The efficacy of oral appliances in the treatment of severe obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath. 2011;15:195\u2013201."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b11","series-title":"J Prosthet Dent","first-page":"314","article-title":"Ten-year follow-up of mandibular advancement devices for the management of snoring and sleep apnea","volume":"99","author":"Jauhar\n              S,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jauhar\n              S, \n            \n              Lyons\n              MF, \n            \n              Banham\n              SW, \n            \n              Cameron\n              DA, \n            \n              Orchardson\n              R. \n          \n          Ten-year follow-up of mandibular advancement devices for the management of snoring and sleep apnea. J Prosthet Dent. 2008;99:314\u2013321."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"30","article-title":"Five years of sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Side effects and technical complications","volume":"80","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Gomis\n              J,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Gomis\n              J, \n            \n              Willaert\n              E, \n            \n              Nogues\n              L, \n            \n              Pascual\n              M, \n            \n              Somoza\n              M, \n            \n              Monasterio\n              C. \n          \n          Five years of sleep apnea treatment with a mandibular advancement device. Side effects and technical complications. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:30\u201336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b13","series-title":"Sleep","first-page":"237","article-title":"Dental side effects of an oral device to treat snoring and obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"22","author":"Pantin\n              CC,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pantin\n              CC, \n            \n              Hillman\n              DR, \n            \n              Tennant\n              M. \n          \n          Dental side effects of an oral device to treat snoring and obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep. 1999;22:237\u2013240."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b14","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"687","article-title":"Treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring: assessment of an anterior mandibular positioning device","volume":"126","author":"Clark\n              GT,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clark\n              GT, \n            \n              Sohn\n              J, \n            \n              Hong\n              CN. \n          \n          Treating obstructive sleep apnea and snoring: assessment of an anterior mandibular positioning device. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000;126:687\u2013693."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b15","series-title":"Swiss Med Wkly","first-page":"w13276","article-title":"Mandibular advancement splints for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"141","author":"Sutherland\n              K,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sutherland\n              K, \n            \n              Cistulli\n              P. \n          \n          Mandibular advancement splints for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome. Swiss Med Wkly. 2011;141:w13276."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"214","article-title":"Predictors of long-term orthodontic side effects from mandibular advancement devices in patients with snoring and obsrructive sleep apnea","volume":"129","author":"Marklund\n              M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Marklund\n              M. \n          \n          Predictors of long-term orthodontic side effects from mandibular advancement devices in patients with snoring and obsrructive sleep apnea. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:214\u2013221."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-653-b17","series-title":"Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac","first-page":"80","article-title":"Mandibular advancement device: a 5-year long experience in obstructive sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome","volume":"112","author":"Tison\n              C,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tison\n              C, \n            \n              S\u00e9bille-Elhage\n              S, \n            \n              Ferri\n              J. \n          \n          Mandibular advancement device: a 5-year long experience in obstructive sleep apnea\/hypopnea syndrome. 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