{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T11:21:20Z","timestamp":1791890480160,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To assess short-term alterations in the volume of pharyngeal airway space and maxillary sinuses associated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and facemask (FM) use in growing Class III maxillary-deficient patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Twenty-two patients (14 girls, eight boys) treated with the RME\/FM and having pretreatment and posttreatment cone beam\u2013computed tomographic scans were identified from the archives of the Marmara University, Department of Orthodontics. According to the protraction force that was used, they were divided into two groups: a group with 400\u00a0g protraction force (12 subjects) and a group with 800\u00a0g protraction force (10 subjects). Mean age for the study group was 10\u00a0years. All patients were diagnosed with normal\/low vertical growth pattern, maxillary deficiency, and normal mandible. No control group was available for this study. For each patient, a hyrax expansion screw with acrylic cap splint was constructed and RME was performed for 10\u00a0days. On the seventh day, protraction with a FM started.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The results showed a statistically significant increase in the volume of maxillary sinuses after treatment, which was related to the growth. On the other hand, the increase in the volume of pharyngeal airway was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n RME\/FM treatment did not affect at all the volume of maxillary sinuses and actually inhibited the normal expected increase of the volume of the pharynx when compared with a control group comprising normal individuals.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/060513-430.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,13]],"date-time":"2014-01-13T10:25:41Z","timestamp":1389608741000},"page":"701-707","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Three-dimensional alterations in pharyngeal airway and maxillary sinus volumes in Class III maxillary deficiency subjects undergoing orthopedic facemask treatment"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Paschalis","family":"Pamporakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Agrinio, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eirin","family":"Nevzato\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazan","family":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckkele\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Marmara University, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"561","article-title":"Orthopedic treatment outcomes in Class III malocclusion. A systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Toffol\n LD,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Toffol\n LD, \n \n Pavoni\n C, \n \n Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n Cozza\n P. \n \n Orthopedic treatment outcomes in Class III malocclusion. A systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:561\u2013573."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"179","article-title":"Mandibular growth changes and maturation of cervical vertebrae\u2014a longitudinal cephalometric study","volume":"58","author":"O'Reilley\n MT,","year":"1988","unstructured":"O'Reilley\n MT, \n \n Yanniello\n GJ. \n \n Mandibular growth changes and maturation of cervical vertebrae\u2014a longitudinal cephalometric study. Angle Orthod. 1988;58:179\u2013184."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b03","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"456","article-title":"Airway growth and development: a computerized 3-dimensional analysis","volume":"70","author":"Schendel\n S,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schendel\n S, \n \n Jacobson\n R. \n \n Airway growth and development: a computerized 3-dimensional analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;70:456\u2013510."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b04","series-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Measurements of normal upper airway assessed by 3-dimensional computed tomography in Chinese children and adolescents","volume":"75","author":"Li\n H,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li\n H, \n \n Lu\n X, \n \n Shi\n J, \n \n Shi\n H. \n \n Measurements of normal upper airway assessed by 3-dimensional computed tomography in Chinese children and adolescents. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;75:1240\u20131246."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b05","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"426","article-title":"Correlation between skeletal changes by maxillary protraction and upper airway dimensions","volume":"81","author":"Lee\n JW,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee\n JW, \n \n Park\n KH, \n \n Kim\n SH, \n \n Park\n YG, \n \n Kim\n SJ. \n \n Correlation between skeletal changes by maxillary protraction and upper airway dimensions. Angle Orthod. 2011;81:426\u2013432."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"7","article-title":"Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Guyer\n EC,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Guyer\n EC, \n \n Ellis\n E, \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr, \n \n Behrents\n RG. \n \n Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1986;56:7\u201330."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b07","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"347","article-title":"The aetiological factors in Class III malocclusion","volume":"15","author":"Battagel\n JM.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Battagel\n JM. \n \n The aetiological factors in Class III malocclusion. Eur J Orthod. 1993;15:347\u2013370."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"184","article-title":"Sagittal airway dimension following maxillary protraction: a pilot study","volume":"28","author":"Sayinsu\n K,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sayinsu\n K, \n \n Isik\n F, \n \n Arun\n T. \n \n Sagittal airway dimension following maxillary protraction: a pilot study. Eur J Orthod. 2006;28:184\u2013189."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"660","article-title":"Effects of maxillary protraction and fixed appliance therapy on the pharyngeal airway","volume":"79","author":"Kayg\u0131s\u0131z\n E,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kayg\u0131s\u0131z\n E, \n \n Tuncer\n BB, \n \n Y\u00fcksel\n S, \n \n Tuncer\n C, \n \n Yildiz\n C. \n \n Effects of maxillary protraction and fixed appliance therapy on the pharyngeal airway. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:660\u2013667."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"209","article-title":"Maxillary protraction appliance effect on the size of the upper airway passage","volume":"78","author":"Oktay\n H,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oktay\n H, \n \n Ulukaya\n E. \n \n Maxillary protraction appliance effect on the size of the upper airway passage. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:209\u2013214."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"61","article-title":"Effects on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions of protraction and rapid palatal expansion in Class III malocclusion subjects","volume":"30","author":"Kilin\u00e7\n AS,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kilin\u00e7\n AS, \n \n Arslan\n SG, \n \n Kama\n JD, \n \n Ozer\n T, \n \n Dari\n O. \n \n Effects on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions of protraction and rapid palatal expansion in Class III malocclusion subjects. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:61\u201366."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"777","article-title":"Effects of maxillary protraction with or without expansion on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects","volume":"135","author":"Mucedero\n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mucedero\n M, \n \n Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n Cozza\n P. \n \n Effects of maxillary protraction with or without expansion on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:777\u2013781."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"346","article-title":"Treatment and post-treatment effects of facemask therapy on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects","volume":"32","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n Mucedero\n M, \n \n Cozza\n P. \n \n Treatment and post-treatment effects of facemask therapy on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects. Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:346\u2013350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b14","series-title":"Eur Radiol","first-page":"1451","article-title":"Paranasal sinuses in children: size evaluation of maxillary, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses by magnetic resonance imaging and proposal of volume index percentile curves","volume":"12","author":"Barqhouth\n G,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barqhouth\n G, \n \n Prior\n JO, \n \n Lepori\n D, \n \n Duvoisin\n B, \n \n Schnyder\n P, \n \n Gudinchet\n F. \n \n Paranasal sinuses in children: size evaluation of maxillary, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses by magnetic resonance imaging and proposal of volume index percentile curves. Eur Radiol. 2002;12:1451\u20131458."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b15","series-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Volumetric study in the development of paranasal sinuses by CT imaging in Asian: a pilot study","volume":"74","author":"Park\n IH,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park\n IH, \n \n Song\n JS, \n \n Choi\n H, \n et al\n . Volumetric study in the development of paranasal sinuses by CT imaging in Asian: a pilot study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74:1347\u20131350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"8","article-title":"Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"134","author":"Garrett\n BJ,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garrett\n BJ, \n \n Caruso\n JM, \n \n Runqcharassaenq\n K, \n \n Farraqe\n JR, \n \n Kim\n JS, \n \n Taylor\n GD. \n \n Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;134:8\u20139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"618","article-title":"Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume changes after rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"141","author":"Smith\n T,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smith\n T, \n \n Ghoneima\n A, \n \n Stewart\n K, \n et al\n . Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume changes after rapid maxillary expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:618\u2013626."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b18","series-title":"Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Maxillary Sinuses after Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Following One Year Retention Period [doctorate thesis]","author":"Motro\n M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Motro\n M. \n \n Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Maxillary Sinuses after Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Following One Year Retention Period [doctorate thesis]. \u0130stanbul, Turkey: Marmara University. 2011."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"561","article-title":"Orthopedic treatment outcomes in Class III malocclusion. A systematic review","volume":"78","author":"Toffol\n LD,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Toffol\n LD, \n \n Pavoni\n C, \n \n Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n Cozza\n P. \n \n Orthopedic treatment outcomes in Class III malocclusion. A systematic review. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:561\u2013573."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"179","article-title":"Mandibular growth changes and maturation of cervical vertebrae\u2014a longitudinal cephalometric study","volume":"58","author":"O'Reilley\n MT,","year":"1988","unstructured":"O'Reilley\n MT, \n \n Yanniello\n GJ. \n \n Mandibular growth changes and maturation of cervical vertebrae\u2014a longitudinal cephalometric study. Angle Orthod. 1988;58:179\u2013184."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b03","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"456","article-title":"Airway growth and development: a computerized 3-dimensional analysis","volume":"70","author":"Schendel\n S,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schendel\n S, \n \n Jacobson\n R. \n \n Airway growth and development: a computerized 3-dimensional analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;70:456\u2013510."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b04","series-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"1240","article-title":"Measurements of normal upper airway assessed by 3-dimensional computed tomography in Chinese children and adolescents","volume":"75","author":"Li\n H,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li\n H, \n \n Lu\n X, \n \n Shi\n J, \n \n Shi\n H. \n \n Measurements of normal upper airway assessed by 3-dimensional computed tomography in Chinese children and adolescents. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2011;75:1240\u20131246."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b05","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"426","article-title":"Correlation between skeletal changes by maxillary protraction and upper airway dimensions","volume":"81","author":"Lee\n JW,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee\n JW, \n \n Park\n KH, \n \n Kim\n SH, \n \n Park\n YG, \n \n Kim\n SJ. \n \n Correlation between skeletal changes by maxillary protraction and upper airway dimensions. Angle Orthod. 2011;81:426\u2013432."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"7","article-title":"Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Guyer\n EC,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Guyer\n EC, \n \n Ellis\n E, \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr, \n \n Behrents\n RG. \n \n Components of Class III malocclusion in juveniles and adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1986;56:7\u201330."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b07","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"347","article-title":"The aetiological factors in Class III malocclusion","volume":"15","author":"Battagel\n JM.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Battagel\n JM. \n \n The aetiological factors in Class III malocclusion. Eur J Orthod. 1993;15:347\u2013370."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"184","article-title":"Sagittal airway dimension following maxillary protraction: a pilot study","volume":"28","author":"Sayinsu\n K,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sayinsu\n K, \n \n Isik\n F, \n \n Arun\n T. \n \n Sagittal airway dimension following maxillary protraction: a pilot study. Eur J Orthod. 2006;28:184\u2013189."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"660","article-title":"Effects of maxillary protraction and fixed appliance therapy on the pharyngeal airway","volume":"79","author":"Kayg\u0131s\u0131z\n E,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kayg\u0131s\u0131z\n E, \n \n Tuncer\n BB, \n \n Y\u00fcksel\n S, \n \n Tuncer\n C, \n \n Yildiz\n C. \n \n Effects of maxillary protraction and fixed appliance therapy on the pharyngeal airway. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:660\u2013667."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"209","article-title":"Maxillary protraction appliance effect on the size of the upper airway passage","volume":"78","author":"Oktay\n H,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Oktay\n H, \n \n Ulukaya\n E. \n \n Maxillary protraction appliance effect on the size of the upper airway passage. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:209\u2013214."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"61","article-title":"Effects on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions of protraction and rapid palatal expansion in Class III malocclusion subjects","volume":"30","author":"Kilin\u00e7\n AS,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kilin\u00e7\n AS, \n \n Arslan\n SG, \n \n Kama\n JD, \n \n Ozer\n T, \n \n Dari\n O. \n \n Effects on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions of protraction and rapid palatal expansion in Class III malocclusion subjects. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:61\u201366."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"777","article-title":"Effects of maxillary protraction with or without expansion on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects","volume":"135","author":"Mucedero\n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mucedero\n M, \n \n Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n Cozza\n P. \n \n Effects of maxillary protraction with or without expansion on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:777\u2013781."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"346","article-title":"Treatment and post-treatment effects of facemask therapy on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects","volume":"32","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n Mucedero\n M, \n \n Cozza\n P. \n \n Treatment and post-treatment effects of facemask therapy on the sagittal pharyngeal dimensions in Class III subjects. Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:346\u2013350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b14","series-title":"Eur Radiol","first-page":"1451","article-title":"Paranasal sinuses in children: size evaluation of maxillary, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses by magnetic resonance imaging and proposal of volume index percentile curves","volume":"12","author":"Barqhouth\n G,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barqhouth\n G, \n \n Prior\n JO, \n \n Lepori\n D, \n \n Duvoisin\n B, \n \n Schnyder\n P, \n \n Gudinchet\n F. \n \n Paranasal sinuses in children: size evaluation of maxillary, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses by magnetic resonance imaging and proposal of volume index percentile curves. Eur Radiol. 2002;12:1451\u20131458."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b15","series-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"1347","article-title":"Volumetric study in the development of paranasal sinuses by CT imaging in Asian: a pilot study","volume":"74","author":"Park\n IH,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park\n IH, \n \n Song\n JS, \n \n Choi\n H, \n et al\n . Volumetric study in the development of paranasal sinuses by CT imaging in Asian: a pilot study. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010;74:1347\u20131350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"8","article-title":"Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"134","author":"Garrett\n BJ,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garrett\n BJ, \n \n Caruso\n JM, \n \n Runqcharassaenq\n K, \n \n Farraqe\n JR, \n \n Kim\n JS, \n \n Taylor\n GD. \n \n Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;134:8\u20139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"618","article-title":"Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume changes after rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"141","author":"Smith\n T,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smith\n T, \n \n Ghoneima\n A, \n \n Stewart\n K, \n et al\n . Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of airway volume changes after rapid maxillary expansion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:618\u2013626."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-701-b18","series-title":"Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Maxillary Sinuses after Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Following One Year Retention Period [doctorate thesis]","author":"Motro\n M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Motro\n M. \n \n Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Maxillary Sinuses after Rapid Maxillary Expansion and Following One Year Retention Period [doctorate thesis]. \u0130stanbul, Turkey: Marmara University. 2011."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/84\/4\/article-p701.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/84\/4\/article-p701.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/84\/4\/article-p701.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:44:11Z","timestamp":1780069451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/84\/4\/article-p701.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/060513-430.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}}}