{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T03:46:06Z","timestamp":1788493566291,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the premise that skeletal anchorage with SAS miniplates are highly successful and predictable for a range of complex orthodontic movements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This retrospective cross-sectional analysis consisted of 421 bone plates placed by one clinician in 163 patients (95 female, 68 male, mean age 29.4 years \u00b1 12.02). Simple descriptive statistics were performed for a wide range of malocclusions and desired movements to obtain success, complication, and failure rates.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The success rate of skeletal anchorage system miniplates was 98.6%, where approximately 40% of cases experienced mild complications. The most common complication was soft tissue inflammation, which was amenable to focused oral hygiene and antiseptic rinses. Infection occurred in approximately 15% of patients where there was a statistically significant correlation with poor oral hygiene. The most common movements were distalization and intrusion of teeth. More than a third of the cases involved complex movements in more than one plane of space.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The success rate of skeletal anchorage system miniplates is high and predictable for a wide range of complex orthodontic movements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/060617-375.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T11:34:02Z","timestamp":1508758442000},"page":"27-34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Success rates of a skeletal anchorage system in orthodontics: A retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Raymond","family":"Lam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mithran S.","family":"Goonewardene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program Director, Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brent P.","family":"Allan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Maxillofacial Surgical Practice, Perth, Australia."},{"name":"Consultant to the Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Sugawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visiting Clinical Professor, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA."},{"name":"Chief, SAS Orthodontic Center, Ichiban-Cho Dental Clinic, Sendai, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b01","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"266","article-title":"The possibility of skeletal anchorage","volume":"17","author":"Creekmore \n TD.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Creekmore \n TD.\n \n \n Eklund \n MK.\n \n \n The possibility of skeletal anchorage. J Clin Orthod. 1983;17:266\u2013269."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"135","article-title":"Rigid endosseous implant utilized as anchorage to protract molars and close an atrophic extraction site","volume":"60","author":"Roberts \n WE.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Roberts \n WE.\n \n \n Marshall \n KJ.\n \n \n Mozsary \n PG.\n \n \n Rigid endosseous implant utilized as anchorage to protract molars and close an atrophic extraction site. Angle Orthod. 1990;60:135\u2013152."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S52","article-title":"Systematic review of the experimental use of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in orthodontics","volume":"131","author":"Cornelis \n MA.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cornelis \n MA.\n \n \n Scheffler \n NR.\n \n \n De Clerck \n HJ.\n \n \n Tulloch \n JF.\n \n \n Behets \n CN.\n \n \n Systematic review of the experimental use of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131:S52\u2013S58."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b04","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"763","article-title":"Mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage","volume":"31","author":"Konomi \n R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Konomi \n R.\n \n \n Mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage. J Clin Orthod. 1997;31:763\u2013767."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b05","series-title":"J Oral Implantol","first-page":"110","article-title":"Biomechanical and histomorphometric analyses of monocortical screws at placement and 6 weeks postinsertion","volume":"32","author":"Huja \n SS.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huja \n SS.\n \n \n Rao \n J.\n \n \n Struckhoff \n JA.\n \n \n Beck \n FM.\n \n \n Litsky \n AS.\n \n \n Biomechanical and histomorphometric analyses of monocortical screws at placement and 6 weeks postinsertion. J Oral Implantol. 2006;32:110\u2013116."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"18","article-title":"Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage","volume":"130","author":"Park \n HS.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park \n HS.\n \n \n Jeong \n SH.\n \n \n Kwon \n OW.\n \n \n Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage. 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J Orthod. 2002;29:281\u2013286."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b08","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"358","article-title":"Bicortical titanium screws for critical orthodontic anchorage in the mandible: a preliminary report on clinical applications","volume":"12","author":"Freudenthaler \n JW.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Freudenthaler \n JW.\n \n \n Haas \n R.\n \n \n Bantleon \n HP.\n \n \n Bicortical titanium screws for critical orthodontic anchorage in the mandible: a preliminary report on clinical applications. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2001;12:358\u2013363."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b09","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"109","article-title":"Recommended placement torque when tightening an orthodontic mini-implant","volume":"17","author":"Motoyoshi \n M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Motoyoshi \n M.\n \n \n Hirabayashi \n M.\n \n \n Uemura \n M.\n \n \n Shimizu \n N.\n \n \n Recommended placement torque when tightening an orthodontic mini-implant. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17:109\u2013114."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b10","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"56","article-title":"The use of temporary anchorage devices for molar intrusion","volume":"138","author":"Kravitz \n ND.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kravitz \n ND.\n \n \n Kusnoto \n B.\n \n \n Tsay \n TP.\n \n \n Hohlt \n WF.\n \n \n The use of temporary anchorage devices for molar intrusion. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138:56\u201364."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"101","article-title":"Factors associated with the success rate of orthodontic miniscrews placed in the upper and lower posterior buccal region","volume":"78","author":"Moon \n CH.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moon \n CH.\n \n \n Lee \n DG.\n \n \n Lee \n HS.\n \n \n Im \n JS.\n \n \n Baek \n SH.\n \n \n Factors associated with the success rate of orthodontic miniscrews placed in the upper and lower posterior buccal region. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:101\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"830","article-title":"Miniscrew-assisted nonsurgical palatal expansion before orthognathic surgery for a patient with severe mandibular prognathism","volume":"137","author":"Lee \n KJ.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee \n KJ.\n \n \n Park \n YC.\n \n \n Park \n JY.\n \n \n Hwang \n WS.\n \n \n Miniscrew-assisted nonsurgical palatal expansion before orthognathic surgery for a patient with severe mandibular prognathism. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:830\u2013839."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"577","article-title":"Dentofacial effects of bone-anchored maxillary protraction: a controlled study of consecutively treated Class III patients","volume":"138","author":"De Clerck \n H.","year":"2010","unstructured":"De Clerck \n H.\n \n \n Cevidanes \n L.\n \n \n Baccetti \n T.\n \n \n Dentofacial effects of bone-anchored maxillary protraction: a controlled study of consecutively treated Class III patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:577\u2013581."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b14","series-title":"B Dent J","first-page":"E4","article-title":"Advances in orthodontic anchorage with the use of mini-implant techniques","volume":"3","author":"Cousley \n RRJ.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cousley \n RRJ.\n \n \n Sandler \n PJ.\n \n \n Advances in orthodontic anchorage with the use of mini-implant techniques. B Dent J. 2015;3:E4."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"564.e1","article-title":"Mini-implants in orthodontics: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"135","author":"Reynders \n R.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reynders \n R.\n \n \n Ronchi \n L.\n \n \n Bipat \n S.\n \n \n Mini-implants in orthodontics: a systematic review of the literature. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop. 2009;135:564.e1\u2013564.e19."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b16","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"677","article-title":"A new protocol of the sliding mechanics with micro-implant anchorage (M.I.A.)","volume":"30","author":"Park \n HS.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Park \n HS.\n \n \n A new protocol of the sliding mechanics with micro-implant anchorage (M.I.A.). Korean J Orthod. 2000;30:677\u2013685."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"18","article-title":"Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage","volume":"130","author":"Park \n HS.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park \n HS.\n \n \n Jeong \n SH.\n \n \n Kwon \n OW.\n \n \n Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:18\u201325."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S68","article-title":"Root proximity is a major factor for screw failure in orthodontic anchorage","volume":"13","author":"Kuroda \n S.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuroda \n S.\n \n \n Yamada \n K.\n \n \n Deguchi \n T.\n \n \n Hashimoto \n T.\n \n \n Kyung \n HM.\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto \n T.\n \n \n Root proximity is a major factor for screw failure in orthodontic anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007; 13: S68\u201373."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"577","article-title":"Failure rates and associated risk factors of orthodontic miniscrew implants: a meta-analysis","volume":"142","author":"Papageorgiou \n SN.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Papageorgiou \n SN.\n \n \n Zogakis \n IP.\n \n \n Papadopoulos \n MA.\n \n \n Failure rates and associated risk factors of orthodontic miniscrew implants: a meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:577\u2013595."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"173","article-title":"Placement angle effects on the success rate of orthodontic microimplants and other factors with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"143","author":"Jung \n YR.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jung \n YR.\n \n \n Kim \n SC.\n \n \n Kang \n KH.\n \n \n Cho \n JH.\n \n \n Lee \n EH.\n \n \n Chang \n NY.\n \n \n Chae \n JM.\n \n \n Placement angle effects on the success rate of orthodontic microimplants and other factors with cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013;143:173\u2013181."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"634","article-title":"Temporary anchorage device insertion variables: effects on retention","volume":"80","author":"Petrey \n JS.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Petrey \n JS.\n \n \n Saunders \n MM.\n \n \n Kluemper \n GT.\n \n \n Cunningham \n LL.\n \n \n Beeman \n CS.\n \n \n Temporary anchorage device insertion variables: effects on retention. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:634\u2013641."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"559","article-title":"Temporary skeletal anchorage devices: the case for miniplates","volume":"145","author":"Sugawara \n J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sugawara \n J.\n \n \n Temporary skeletal anchorage devices: the case for miniplates. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014;145:559\u2013565."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b23","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"3","article-title":"Bone condition of the maxillary zygomatic process prior to orthodontic anchorage plate fixation","volume":"76","author":"Pr\u00e4ger \n TM.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pr\u00e4ger \n TM.\n \n \n Brochhagen \n HG.\n \n \n Mischkowski \n R.\n \n \n Jost-Brinkmann \n PG.\n \n \n M\u00fcller-Hartwich \n R.\n \n \n Bone condition of the maxillary zygomatic process prior to orthodontic anchorage plate fixation. J Orofac Orthop. 2015;76:3\u201313."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"628.e1","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of orthodontic miniplate anchoring screws in the posterior maxilla","volume":"136","author":"Kim \n GT.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim \n GT.\n \n \n Kim \n SH.\n \n \n Choi \n YS.\n \n \n Park \n YJ.\n \n \n Chung \n KR.\n \n \n Suk \n KE.\n \n \n Choo \n H.\n \n \n Huang \n JC.\n \n \n Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of orthodontic miniplate anchoring screws in the posterior maxilla. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:628.e1\u2013e10."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b25","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"47","article-title":"Minibone plates: the skeletal anchorage system","volume":"11","author":"Sugawara \n J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sugawara \n J.\n \n \n Nishimura \n N.\n \n \n Minibone plates: the skeletal anchorage system. 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Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines Limited;2012."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b28","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"194","article-title":"Survival analysis of orthodontic mini-implants","volume":"137","author":"Lee \n SJ.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee \n SJ.\n \n \n Ahn \n SJ.\n \n \n Lee \n JW.\n \n \n Kim \n SH.\n \n \n Kim \n TW.\n \n \n Survival analysis of orthodontic mini-implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:194\u2013199."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b29","series-title":"Niger J Clin Pract","first-page":"512","article-title":"Surgical difficulties, success, and complication rates of orthodontic miniplate anchorage systems: experience with 382 miniplates","volume":"20","author":"Findik \n Y.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Findik \n Y.\n \n \n Baykul \n T.\n \n \n Esenlik \n E.\n \n \n Turkkahraman \n MH.\n \n \n Surgical difficulties, success, and complication rates of orthodontic miniplate anchorage systems: experience with 382 miniplates. Niger J Clin Pract. 2017;20:512\u2013516."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b30","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"1351","article-title":"Survival and failure rates of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Sch\u00e4tzle \n M.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4tzle \n M.\n \n \n M\u00e4nnchen \n R.\n \n \n Zwahlen \n M.\n \n \n Lang \n NP.\n \n \n Survival and failure rates of orthodontic temporary anchorage devices: a systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009;20:1351\u20131359."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b31","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"165","article-title":"Anatomical guidelines for miniscrew insertion: vestibular interradicular sites","volume":"45","author":"Ludwig \n B.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ludwig \n B.\n \n \n Glasl \n B.\n \n \n Kinzinger \n GSM.\n \n \n Lietz \n T.\n \n \n Lisson \n JA.\n \n \n Anatomical guidelines for miniscrew insertion: vestibular interradicular sites. J Clin Orthod. 2011;45:165\u2013173."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b32","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","article-title":"Orthopedic traction of the maxilla with miniplates: a new perspective for treatment of midface deficiency","author":"De Clerck \n HJ.","unstructured":"De Clerck \n HJ.\n \n \n Cornelis \n MA.\n \n \n Cevidanes \n LH.\n \n \n Heymann \n GC.\n \n \n Tulloch \n CJF.\n \n \n Orthopedic traction of the maxilla with miniplates: a new perspective for treatment of midface deficiency. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009,67:2123\u20132129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b33","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"440","article-title":"Midfacial protraction with skeletally anchored face mask therapy: a novel approach and preliminary results","volume":"133","author":"Kircelli \n BH.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kircelli \n BH.\n \n \n Pektas \n Z\u00d6.\n \n \n Midfacial protraction with skeletally anchored face mask therapy: a novel approach and preliminary results. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:440\u2013449."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b34","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","article-title":"Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods","author":"Jambi \n S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jambi \n S.\n \n \n Walsh \n T.\n \n \n Sandler \n J.\n \n \n Benson \n PE.\n \n \n Skeggs \n RM.\n \n \n O'Brien \n KD.\n \n \n Reinforcement of anchorage during orthodontic brace treatment with implants or other surgical methods. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;8:CD005098."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b01","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"266","article-title":"The possibility of skeletal anchorage","volume":"17","author":"Creekmore \n TD.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Creekmore \n TD.\n \n \n Eklund \n MK.\n \n \n The possibility of skeletal anchorage. J Clin Orthod. 1983;17:266\u2013269."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"135","article-title":"Rigid endosseous implant utilized as anchorage to protract molars and close an atrophic extraction site","volume":"60","author":"Roberts \n WE.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Roberts \n WE.\n \n \n Marshall \n KJ.\n \n \n Mozsary \n PG.\n \n \n Rigid endosseous implant utilized as anchorage to protract molars and close an atrophic extraction site. Angle Orthod. 1990;60:135\u2013152."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S52","article-title":"Systematic review of the experimental use of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in orthodontics","volume":"131","author":"Cornelis \n MA.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cornelis \n MA.\n \n \n Scheffler \n NR.\n \n \n De Clerck \n HJ.\n \n \n Tulloch \n JF.\n \n \n Behets \n CN.\n \n \n Systematic review of the experimental use of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131:S52\u2013S58."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b04","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"763","article-title":"Mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage","volume":"31","author":"Konomi \n R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Konomi \n R.\n \n \n Mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage. J Clin Orthod. 1997;31:763\u2013767."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b05","series-title":"J Oral Implantol","first-page":"110","article-title":"Biomechanical and histomorphometric analyses of monocortical screws at placement and 6 weeks postinsertion","volume":"32","author":"Huja \n SS.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huja \n SS.\n \n \n Rao \n J.\n \n \n Struckhoff \n JA.\n \n \n Beck \n FM.\n \n \n Litsky \n AS.\n \n \n Biomechanical and histomorphometric analyses of monocortical screws at placement and 6 weeks postinsertion. J Oral Implantol. 2006;32:110\u2013116."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"18","article-title":"Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage","volume":"130","author":"Park \n HS.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Park \n HS.\n \n \n Jeong \n SH.\n \n \n Kwon \n OW.\n \n \n Factors affecting the clinical success of screw implants used as orthodontic anchorage. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:18\u201325."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b07","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"281","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of canine lacebacks with reference to canine tip","volume":"29","author":"Usmani \n T.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Usmani \n T.\n \n \n O'Brien \n KD.\n \n \n Worthington \n HV.\n \n \n Derwent \n S.\n \n \n Fox \n D.\n \n \n Harrison \n S.\n \n \n Sandler \n PJ.\n \n \n Mandall \n NA.\n \n \n A randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of canine lacebacks with reference to canine tip. J Orthod. 2002;29:281\u2013286."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b08","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"358","article-title":"Bicortical titanium screws for critical orthodontic anchorage in the mandible: a preliminary report on clinical applications","volume":"12","author":"Freudenthaler \n JW.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Freudenthaler \n JW.\n \n \n Haas \n R.\n \n \n Bantleon \n HP.\n \n \n Bicortical titanium screws for critical orthodontic anchorage in the mandible: a preliminary report on clinical applications. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2001;12:358\u2013363."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b09","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"109","article-title":"Recommended placement torque when tightening an orthodontic mini-implant","volume":"17","author":"Motoyoshi \n M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Motoyoshi \n M.\n \n \n Hirabayashi \n M.\n \n \n Uemura \n M.\n \n \n Shimizu \n N.\n \n \n Recommended placement torque when tightening an orthodontic mini-implant. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17:109\u2013114."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b10","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"56","article-title":"The use of temporary anchorage devices for molar intrusion","volume":"138","author":"Kravitz \n ND.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kravitz \n ND.\n \n \n Kusnoto \n B.\n \n \n Tsay \n TP.\n \n \n Hohlt \n WF.\n \n \n The use of temporary anchorage devices for molar intrusion. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138:56\u201364."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-27-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"101","article-title":"Factors associated with the success rate of orthodontic miniscrews placed in the upper and lower posterior buccal region","volume":"78","author":"Moon \n CH.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moon \n CH.\n \n \n Lee \n DG.\n \n \n Lee \n HS.\n \n \n Im \n JS.\n \n \n Baek \n SH.\n \n \n Factors associated with the success rate of orthodontic miniscrews placed in the upper and lower posterior buccal region. 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