{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:41:31Z","timestamp":1788514891912,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the clinical manifestation of and treatment modalities for this severe phenotype of infraocclusion and to examine relationships between deep submersion and the occurrence of other dental anomalies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The experimental sample consisted of 25 orthodontic patients with at least one deciduous molar in infraocclusion greater than 5\u00a0mm. Dental records were used to assess severity of infraocclusion, treatment modality, and presence of other dental anomalies (tooth agenesis, small maxillary lateral incisors, palatally displaced canines, and distal angulation of mandibular second premolars).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The sample included 14 females and 11 males, age 7 to 14\u00a0years (mean age 10.1\u00a0years). The mean infraocclusion depth was 9\u00a0mm, with a range of 5\u201318\u00a0mm. The crowns of the adjacent teeth were severely tilted toward the infraoccluded tooth, space was lost in the dental arch, and the successor premolars were impacted in all cases. Treatment consisted of space regaining, surgical extraction of the deciduous molar, and space maintenance. The impacted premolar erupted spontaneously in 95% of the cases. There was a significant increase in prevalence of dental anomalies in the deep-submersion sample compared with that of reference values (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The treatment modality used in this sample resulted in spontaneous eruption of the impacted premolar in most cases. Markers for early diagnosis of deep submersion include other dental anomalies, severe tilt of adjacent teeth, and local space loss. The increased prevalence of other dental anomalies supports a shared genetic etiology.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/060913-436.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,3]],"date-time":"2013-09-03T09:51:44Z","timestamp":1378201904000},"page":"292-296","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Deep submersion: Severe phenotype of deciduous-molar infraocclusion with biological associations"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Miriam","family":"Shalish","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Lecturer and Director of Postgraduate Program, Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilad","family":"Har-Zion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teacher in Orthodontics, Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avraham","family":"Zini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Community Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doron","family":"Harari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Chaushu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b01","series-title":"Dent Cosmos","first-page":"1186","article-title":"Retained deciduous molars","volume":"71","author":"Bloch-Jorgensen\n K.","year":"1929","unstructured":"Bloch-Jorgensen\n K. \n \n Retained deciduous molars. Dent Cosmos. 1929;71:1186\u20131188."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b02","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"149","article-title":"Severe infra-occlusion and failed eruption of deciduous molars associated with eruptive and developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition: a report of 28 selected cases","volume":"24","author":"Winter\n GB,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Winter\n GB, \n \n Gelbier\n MJ, \n \n Goodman\n JR. \n \n Severe infra-occlusion and failed eruption of deciduous molars associated with eruptive and developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition: a report of 28 selected cases. Br J Orthod. 1997;24:149\u2013157."},{"issue":"2","key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b03","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"78","article-title":"Primary molars in severe infraocclusion: a retrospective study","volume":"4","author":"Quintero\n E,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Quintero\n E, \n \n Giunta\n ME, \n \n Cahuana\n A, \n \n Casal\n C. \n \n Primary molars in severe infraocclusion: a retrospective study. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2003;4(2):78\u201383."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b04","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"127","article-title":"Submerged deciduous molars: familial tendencies","volume":"69","author":"Via\n N F.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Via\n N F. \n \n Submerged deciduous molars: familial tendencies. J Am Dent Assoc. 1964;69:127\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b05","series-title":"J Calif Dent Assoc","first-page":"50","article-title":"Ankylosis and partial anodontia in twins","volume":"2","author":"Stewart\n RE,","year":"1974","unstructured":"Stewart\n RE, \n \n Hansen\n RW. \n \n Ankylosis and partial anodontia in twins. J Calif Dent Assoc. 1974;2:50\u201352."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b06","series-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol","first-page":"94","article-title":"Infraocclusion of primary molars: an epidemiologic and familial study","volume":"9","author":"Kurol\n J.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kurol\n J. \n \n Infraocclusion of primary molars: an epidemiologic and familial study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1981;9:94\u2013102."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b07","series-title":"ASDC J Dent Child","first-page":"135","article-title":"Ankylosis in monozygotic twins","volume":"53","author":"Helpin\n ML,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Helpin\n ML, \n \n Duncan\n WK. \n \n Ankylosis in monozygotic twins. ASDC J Dent Child. 1986;53:135\u2013139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b08","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"174","article-title":"Case report: severe infraocclusion ankylosis occurring in siblings","volume":"5","author":"Cozza\n P,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cozza\n P, \n \n Gatto\n R, \n \n Ballanti\n F, \n \n De Toffol\n L, \n \n Mucedero\n M. \n \n Case report: severe infraocclusion ankylosis occurring in siblings. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2004;5:174\u2013178."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b09","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"291","article-title":"A controlled study of the association of various dental anomalies with hypodontia of permanent teeth","volume":"11","author":"Lai\n PY,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lai\n PY, \n \n Seow\n WK. \n \n A controlled study of the association of various dental anomalies with hypodontia of permanent teeth. Pediatr Dent. 1989;11:291\u2013296."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b10","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"369","article-title":"Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars and association with other tooth and developmental disturbances","volume":"14","author":"Bjerklin\n K,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bjerklin\n K, \n \n Kurol\n J, \n \n Valentin\n J. \n \n Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars and association with other tooth and developmental disturbances. Eur J Orthod. 1992;14:369\u2013375."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"267","article-title":"A controlled study of associated dental anomalies","volume":"68","author":"Baccetti\n T.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T. \n \n A controlled study of associated dental anomalies. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:267\u2013274."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"608","article-title":"Tooth anomalies associated with failure of eruption of first and second permanent molars","volume":"118","author":"Baccetti\n T.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T. \n \n Tooth anomalies associated with failure of eruption of first and second permanent molars. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:608\u2013610."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"436","article-title":"Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with second-premolar agenesis","volume":"79","author":"Garib\n DG,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garib\n DG, \n \n Peck\n S, \n \n Gomes\n SC. \n \n Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with second-premolar agenesis. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:436\u2013441."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"440","article-title":"Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars","volume":"80","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Peck\n S, \n \n Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Peck\n L. \n \n Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:440\u2013445."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"24","article-title":"The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids","volume":"51","author":"Becker\n A,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Becker\n A, \n \n Smith\n P, \n \n Behar\n R. \n \n The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids. Angle Orthod. 1981;51:24\u201329."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"41","article-title":"Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions on cephalometric radiographs between the ages of 5 and 15\u00a0years","volume":"21","author":"McSherry\n P,","year":"1999","unstructured":"McSherry\n P, \n \n Richardson\n A. \n \n Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions on cephalometric radiographs between the ages of 5 and 15\u00a0years. Eur J Orthod. 1999;21:41\u201348."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"441","article-title":"Prevalence of tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor associated with palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly","volume":"110","author":"Peck\n S,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Peck\n S, \n \n Peck\n L, \n \n Kataja\n M. \n \n Prevalence of tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor associated with palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:441\u2013443."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"53","article-title":"Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar associated with agenesis of its antimere","volume":"121","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Peck\n S, \n \n Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Peck\n L. \n \n Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar associated with agenesis of its antimere. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:53\u201356."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b19","series-title":"ASDC J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"Adequacy of mandibular premolar position despite early loss of its deciduous molar","volume":"69","author":"Wasserstein\n A,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Shalish\n M. \n \n Adequacy of mandibular premolar position despite early loss of its deciduous molar. ASDC J Dent Child. 2002;69:254\u20138, 233\u20134."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Angular changes and their rates in concurrence to developmental stages of the mandibular second premolar","volume":"74","author":"Wasserstein\n A,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Brezniak\n N, \n \n Shalish\n M, \n \n Heller\n M, \n \n Rakocz\n M. \n \n Angular changes and their rates in concurrence to developmental stages of the mandibular second premolar. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:332\u2013336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1062","article-title":"Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"77","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Will\n LA, \n \n Shustermann\n S. \n \n Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with cleft lip and palate. Angle Orthod. 2007;77:1062\u20131066."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"796","article-title":"Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with palatally displaced canines","volume":"79","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Chaushu\n S, \n \n Wasserstein\n A. \n \n Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with palatally displaced canines. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:796\u2013799."},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b23","series-title":"Odontol Revy","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hypodontia in the permanent dentition","volume":"7","author":"Grahn\u00e9n\n H.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Grahn\u00e9n\n H. \n \n Hypodontia in the permanent dentition. Odontol Revy. 1956;7(suppl 3):1\u2013100."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b24","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol","first-page":"1165","article-title":"A survey of 3,874 routine full-month radiographs. II. A study of impacted teeth","volume":"14","author":"Dachi\n SF,","year":"1961","unstructured":"Dachi\n SF, \n \n Howell\n FV. \n \n A survey of 3,874 routine full-month radiographs. II. A study of impacted teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1961;14:1165\u201311169."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b25","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Ethnic variability in the prevalence of submerged primary molars","volume":"61","author":"Koyoumdjisky-Kaye\n E,","year":"1982","unstructured":"Koyoumdjisky-Kaye\n E, \n \n Steigman\n S. \n \n Ethnic variability in the prevalence of submerged primary molars. J Dent Res. 1982;61:1401\u20131404."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b26","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1015","article-title":"Dental anomaly patterns (DAP): a new way to look at malocclusion","volume":"79","author":"Peck\n S.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Peck\n S. \n \n Dental anomaly patterns (DAP): a new way to look at malocclusion. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:1015\u20131016."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b27","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"136","article-title":"Management and outcome following extraction of 303 supernumerary teeth in pediatric patients","volume":"34","author":"M\u00ednguez-Martinez\n I,","year":"2012","unstructured":"M\u00ednguez-Martinez\n I, \n \n Ata-Ali\n J, \n \n Bonet-Coloma\n C, \n \n Pe\u00f1arrocha-Oltra\n D, \n \n Pe\u00f1arrocha-Diago\n MA, \n \n Minguez-Sanz\n JM. \n \n Management and outcome following extraction of 303 supernumerary teeth in pediatric patients. Pediatr Dent. 2012;34:136\u2013139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b01","series-title":"Dent Cosmos","first-page":"1186","article-title":"Retained deciduous molars","volume":"71","author":"Bloch-Jorgensen\n K.","year":"1929","unstructured":"Bloch-Jorgensen\n K. \n \n Retained deciduous molars. Dent Cosmos. 1929;71:1186\u20131188."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b02","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"149","article-title":"Severe infra-occlusion and failed eruption of deciduous molars associated with eruptive and developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition: a report of 28 selected cases","volume":"24","author":"Winter\n GB,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Winter\n GB, \n \n Gelbier\n MJ, \n \n Goodman\n JR. \n \n Severe infra-occlusion and failed eruption of deciduous molars associated with eruptive and developmental disturbances in the permanent dentition: a report of 28 selected cases. Br J Orthod. 1997;24:149\u2013157."},{"issue":"2","key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b03","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"78","article-title":"Primary molars in severe infraocclusion: a retrospective study","volume":"4","author":"Quintero\n E,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Quintero\n E, \n \n Giunta\n ME, \n \n Cahuana\n A, \n \n Casal\n C. \n \n Primary molars in severe infraocclusion: a retrospective study. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2003;4(2):78\u201383."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b04","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"127","article-title":"Submerged deciduous molars: familial tendencies","volume":"69","author":"Via\n N F.","year":"1964","unstructured":"Via\n N F. \n \n Submerged deciduous molars: familial tendencies. J Am Dent Assoc. 1964;69:127\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b05","series-title":"J Calif Dent Assoc","first-page":"50","article-title":"Ankylosis and partial anodontia in twins","volume":"2","author":"Stewart\n RE,","year":"1974","unstructured":"Stewart\n RE, \n \n Hansen\n RW. \n \n Ankylosis and partial anodontia in twins. J Calif Dent Assoc. 1974;2:50\u201352."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b06","series-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol","first-page":"94","article-title":"Infraocclusion of primary molars: an epidemiologic and familial study","volume":"9","author":"Kurol\n J.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Kurol\n J. \n \n Infraocclusion of primary molars: an epidemiologic and familial study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1981;9:94\u2013102."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b07","series-title":"ASDC J Dent Child","first-page":"135","article-title":"Ankylosis in monozygotic twins","volume":"53","author":"Helpin\n ML,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Helpin\n ML, \n \n Duncan\n WK. \n \n Ankylosis in monozygotic twins. ASDC J Dent Child. 1986;53:135\u2013139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b08","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"174","article-title":"Case report: severe infraocclusion ankylosis occurring in siblings","volume":"5","author":"Cozza\n P,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cozza\n P, \n \n Gatto\n R, \n \n Ballanti\n F, \n \n De Toffol\n L, \n \n Mucedero\n M. \n \n Case report: severe infraocclusion ankylosis occurring in siblings. Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2004;5:174\u2013178."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b09","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"291","article-title":"A controlled study of the association of various dental anomalies with hypodontia of permanent teeth","volume":"11","author":"Lai\n PY,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lai\n PY, \n \n Seow\n WK. \n \n A controlled study of the association of various dental anomalies with hypodontia of permanent teeth. Pediatr Dent. 1989;11:291\u2013296."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b10","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"369","article-title":"Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars and association with other tooth and developmental disturbances","volume":"14","author":"Bjerklin\n K,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bjerklin\n K, \n \n Kurol\n J, \n \n Valentin\n J. \n \n Ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars and association with other tooth and developmental disturbances. Eur J Orthod. 1992;14:369\u2013375."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"267","article-title":"A controlled study of associated dental anomalies","volume":"68","author":"Baccetti\n T.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T. \n \n A controlled study of associated dental anomalies. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:267\u2013274."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"608","article-title":"Tooth anomalies associated with failure of eruption of first and second permanent molars","volume":"118","author":"Baccetti\n T.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T. \n \n Tooth anomalies associated with failure of eruption of first and second permanent molars. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:608\u2013610."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"436","article-title":"Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with second-premolar agenesis","volume":"79","author":"Garib\n DG,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garib\n DG, \n \n Peck\n S, \n \n Gomes\n SC. \n \n Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with second-premolar agenesis. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:436\u2013441."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"440","article-title":"Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars","volume":"80","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Peck\n S, \n \n Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Peck\n L. \n \n Increased occurrence of dental anomalies associated with infraocclusion of deciduous molars. Angle Orthod. 2010;80:440\u2013445."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"24","article-title":"The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids","volume":"51","author":"Becker\n A,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Becker\n A, \n \n Smith\n P, \n \n Behar\n R. \n \n The incidence of anomalous maxillary lateral incisors in relation to palatally-displaced cuspids. Angle Orthod. 1981;51:24\u201329."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"41","article-title":"Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions on cephalometric radiographs between the ages of 5 and 15\u00a0years","volume":"21","author":"McSherry\n P,","year":"1999","unstructured":"McSherry\n P, \n \n Richardson\n A. \n \n Ectopic eruption of the maxillary canine quantified in three dimensions on cephalometric radiographs between the ages of 5 and 15\u00a0years. Eur J Orthod. 1999;21:41\u201348."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"441","article-title":"Prevalence of tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor associated with palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly","volume":"110","author":"Peck\n S,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Peck\n S, \n \n Peck\n L, \n \n Kataja\n M. \n \n Prevalence of tooth agenesis and peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisor associated with palatally displaced canine (PDC) anomaly. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;110:441\u2013443."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"53","article-title":"Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar associated with agenesis of its antimere","volume":"121","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Peck\n S, \n \n Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Peck\n L. \n \n Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar associated with agenesis of its antimere. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:53\u201356."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b19","series-title":"ASDC J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"Adequacy of mandibular premolar position despite early loss of its deciduous molar","volume":"69","author":"Wasserstein\n A,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Shalish\n M. \n \n Adequacy of mandibular premolar position despite early loss of its deciduous molar. ASDC J Dent Child. 2002;69:254\u20138, 233\u20134."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Angular changes and their rates in concurrence to developmental stages of the mandibular second premolar","volume":"74","author":"Wasserstein\n A,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wasserstein\n A, \n \n Brezniak\n N, \n \n Shalish\n M, \n \n Heller\n M, \n \n Rakocz\n M. \n \n Angular changes and their rates in concurrence to developmental stages of the mandibular second premolar. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:332\u2013336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1062","article-title":"Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with cleft lip and palate","volume":"77","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Will\n LA, \n \n Shustermann\n S. \n \n Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with cleft lip and palate. Angle Orthod. 2007;77:1062\u20131066."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"796","article-title":"Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with palatally displaced canines","volume":"79","author":"Shalish\n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shalish\n M, \n \n Chaushu\n S, \n \n Wasserstein\n A. \n \n Malposition of unerupted mandibular second premolar in children with palatally displaced canines. Angle Orthod. 2009;79:796\u2013799."},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"i0003-3219-84-2-292-b23","series-title":"Odontol Revy","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hypodontia in the permanent dentition","volume":"7","author":"Grahn\u00e9n\n H.","year":"1956","unstructured":"Grahn\u00e9n\n H. \n \n Hypodontia in the permanent dentition. 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