{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:03:34Z","timestamp":1792613014622,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the success rate of spontaneous space closure after extraction of the first permanent molar (FPM) in the maxilla and the mandible, and to identify the factors that make spontaneous space closure most favorable in each.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective records-based cohort study was conducted through a search of the database of the Public Dental Service, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, for young adults born between 2000 and 2001, who underwent extraction of one or more FPM between 2006 and 2016. A total of 995 extracted teeth were identified, of which 203 teeth in 155 patients met the inclusion criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 203 extracted teeth, 166 (81.8%) did not receive any orthodontic treatment. The success rate for space closure in orthodontically treated patients was 91.9%. The success rate for spontaneous space closure was 84.3%. All unsuccessful spontaneous space closure in the maxilla occurred in patients older than 12 years. The dental developmental stage of the second permanent molar (SPM) had a statistically significant association with spontaneous space closure in the mandible (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The success rate of spontaneous space closure was high (84.3%) and was higher in the maxilla (94.1%) than the mandible (74.1%). Age at time of extraction and dental developmental stage of the SPM were significant factors for successful spontaneous space closure in the maxilla and mandible, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/061923-423.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T10:12:31Z","timestamp":1702289551000},"page":"180-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Spontaneous space closure in patients treated with early extraction of the first permanent molar: a retrospective cohort study using radiographs"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Yasser","family":"Aldahool","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Sonesson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lillemor","family":"Dimberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b01","series-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol","first-page":"344","article-title":"Time and duration of eruption of first and second permanent molars: a longitudinal investigation","volume":"31","author":"Ekstrand","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ekstrand\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Christiansen\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Christiansen\n              MEC.\n            \n          \n          Time and duration of eruption of first and second permanent molars: a longitudinal investigation.\nCommunity Dent Oral Epidemiol.\n2003;\n31(5):\n344\u2013350. doi:10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2003.00016.x"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b02","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"115","article-title":"Relationship between mesiodistal crown diameters of permanent first molars and deciduous second molars","volume":"11","author":"Bravo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bravo\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Facal\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Maroto\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Barber\u00eda\n              E.\n            \n          \n          Relationship between mesiodistal crown diameters of permanent first molars and deciduous second molars.\nEur J Paediatr Dent.\n2010;\n11(3):\n115\u2013121."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b03","series-title":"Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc","first-page":"349","article-title":"Early loss of the first molars 25 years after","author":"Thunold","year":"1970","unstructured":"Thunold\n              K.\n            \n          \n          Early loss of the first molars 25 years after.\nRep Congr Eur Orthod Soc.\n1970:349\u2013365."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b04","series-title":"Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc","first-page":"429","article-title":"Orthodontic sequelae of extraction of permanent first molars. A longitudinal study","author":"Thilander","year":"1970","unstructured":"Thilander\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Skagius\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic sequelae of extraction of permanent first molars. A longitudinal study.\nRep Congr Eur Orthod Soc.\n1970:429\u2013442."},{"issue":"(11)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b05","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"643","article-title":"National clinical guidelines for the extraction of first permanent molars in children","volume":"217","author":"Cobourne","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cobourne\n              MT,\n            \n            \n              Williams\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Harrison\n              M.\n            \n          \n          National clinical guidelines for the extraction of first permanent molars in children.\nBr Dent J.\n2014;\n217(11):\n643\u2013648. doi:10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.1053"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"90","article-title":"Lower first permanent molars: developing better predictors of spontaneous space closure","volume":"38","author":"Teo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Teo\n              TKY,\n            \n            \n              Ashley\n              PF,\n            \n            \n              Derrick\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Lower first permanent molars: developing better predictors of spontaneous space closure.\nEur J Orthod.\n2016;\n38(1):\n90\u201395. doi:10.1093\/ejo\/cjv029"},{"issue":"(10)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b07","series-title":"Niger J Clin Pract","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Spontaneous space closure following the extraction of the first permanent mandibular molar","volume":"24","author":"Ciftci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ciftci\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Guney\n              AU,\n            \n            \n              Deveci\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Sanri\n              IY,\n            \n            \n              Salimow\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Tuncer\n              AH.\n            \n          \n          Spontaneous space closure following the extraction of the first permanent mandibular molar.\nNiger J Clin Pract.\n2021;\n24(10):\n1450\u20131456. doi:10.4103\/njcp.njcp_606_20"},{"issue":"(7)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b08","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"E14","article-title":"Extraction of first permanent molar teeth: results from three dental hospitals","volume":"203","author":"Albadri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Albadri\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Zaitoun\n              H,\n            \n            \n              McDonnell\n              ST,\n            \n            \n              Davidson\n              LE.\n            \n          \n          Extraction of first permanent molar teeth: results from three dental hospitals.\nBr Dent J.\n2007;\n203(7):\nE14; discussion 408\u2013409. doi:10.1038\/bdj.2007.679"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b09","series-title":"Aust Dent J","first-page":"302","article-title":"The extraction of first, second or third permanent molar teeth and its effect on the dentofacial complex","volume":"64","author":"Hatami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hatami\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Dreyer\n              C.\n            \n          \n          The extraction of first, second or third permanent molar teeth and its effect on the dentofacial complex.\nAust Dent J.\n2019;\n64(4):\n302\u2013311. doi:10.1111\/adj.12716"},{"issue":"(7)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b10","series-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract","first-page":"609","article-title":"Molar incisor hypomineralization","volume":"17","author":"Rao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rao\n              MH,\n            \n            \n              Aluru\n              SC,\n            \n            \n              Jayam\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Bandlapalli\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Patel\n              N.\n            \n          \n          Molar incisor hypomineralization.\nJ Contemp Dent Pract.\n2016;\n17(7):\n609\u2013613."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"418","article-title":"For four sixes","volume":"117","author":"Sandler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sandler\n              PJ,\n            \n            \n              Atkinson\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Murray\n              AM.\n            \n          \n          For four sixes.\nAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n2000;\n117(4):\n418\u2013434. doi:10.1016\/s0889-5406(00)70161-2"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b12","series-title":"Aust Dent J","first-page":"2","article-title":"Compromised first permanent molars: an orthodontic perspective","volume":"55","author":"Ong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ong\n              DCV,\n            \n            \n              Bleakley\n              JE.\n            \n          \n          Compromised first permanent molars: an orthodontic perspective.\nAust Dent J.\n2010;\n55(1):\n2\u201314; quiz 105. doi:10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2009.01176.x"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b13","series-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"328","article-title":"Evaluation of spontaneous space closure and development of permanent dentition after extraction of hypomineralized permanent first molars","volume":"17","author":"J\u00e4levik","year":"2007","unstructured":"J\u00e4levik\n              B,\n            \n            \n              M\u00f6ller\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Evaluation of spontaneous space closure and development of permanent dentition after extraction of hypomineralized permanent first molars.\nInt J Paediatr Dent.\n2007;\n17(5):\n328\u2013335. doi:10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2007.00849.x"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"718","article-title":"Radiographic prognostic factors determining spontaneous space closure after loss of the permanent first molar","volume":"151","author":"Patel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patel\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Ashley\n              P,\n            \n            \n              Noar\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Radiographic prognostic factors determining spontaneous space closure after loss of the permanent first molar.\nAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n2017;\n151(4):\n718\u2013726. doi:10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.09.018"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b15","series-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent","first-page":"207","article-title":"The evaluation of spontaneous space closure after the extraction of first permanent molars","volume":"14","author":"Teo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teo\n              TKY,\n            \n            \n              Ashley\n              PF,\n            \n            \n              Parekh\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Noar\n              J.\n            \n          \n          The evaluation of spontaneous space closure after the extraction of first permanent molars.\nEur Arch Paediatr Dent.\n2013;\n14(4):\n207\u2013212. doi:10.1007\/s40368-013-0042-7"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b16","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"129","article-title":"Hypomineralised first permanent molars and the orthodontist","volume":"4","author":"Williams","year":"2003","unstructured":"Williams\n              JK,\n            \n            \n              Gowans\n              AJ.\n            \n          \n          Hypomineralised first permanent molars and the orthodontist.\nEur J Paediatr Dent.\n2003;\n4(3):\n129\u2013132."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b17","series-title":"Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc","first-page":"367","article-title":"A gnatho-odontometric analysis of cases with extraction of the first permanent molar","author":"Dahan","year":"1970","unstructured":"Dahan\n              J.\n            \n          \n          A gnatho-odontometric analysis of cases with extraction of the first permanent molar.\nRep Congr Eur Orthod Soc.\n1970:367\u2013381."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b18","series-title":"Hum Biol","first-page":"211","article-title":"A new system of dental age assessment","volume":"45","author":"Demirjian","year":"1973","unstructured":"Demirjian\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Goldstein\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Tanner\n              JM.\n            \n          \n          A new system of dental age assessment.\nHum Biol.\n1973;\n45(2):\n211\u2013227."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b19","series-title":"Dent Update","first-page":"304","article-title":"Treatment planning for the loss of first permanent molars","volume":"28","author":"Gill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gill\n              DS,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              RT,\n            \n            \n              Tredwin\n              CJ.\n            \n          \n          Treatment planning for the loss of first permanent molars.\nDent Update.\n2001;\n28(6):\n304\u2013308. doi:10.12968\/denu.2001.28.6.304"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"227","article-title":"A clinical study on closing edentulous spaces in the mandible","volume":"49","author":"Stepovich","year":"1979","unstructured":"Stepovich\n              ML.\n            \n          \n          A clinical study on closing edentulous spaces in the mandible.\nAngle Orthod.\n1979;\n49(4):\n227\u2013233. doi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1979)049<0227:ACSOCE>2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b21","series-title":"Nephron Clin Pract","first-page":"c214","article-title":"Cohort studies: prospective versus retrospective","volume":"113","author":"Euser","year":"2009","unstructured":"Euser\n              AM,\n            \n            \n              Zoccali\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Jager\n              KJ,\n            \n            \n              Dekker\n              FW.\n            \n          \n          Cohort studies: prospective versus retrospective.\nNephron Clin Pract.\n2009;\n113(3):\nc214\u2013217. doi:10.1159\/000235241"},{"issue":"(9303)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b22","series-title":"Lancet Lond Engl","first-page":"341","article-title":"Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes","volume":"359","author":"Grimes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Grimes\n              DA,\n            \n            \n              Schulz\n              KF.\n            \n          \n          Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes.\nLancet Lond Engl.\n2002;\n359(9303):\n341\u2013345. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07500-1"},{"issue":"(10)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b23","series-title":"Respir Care","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Retrospective studies and chart reviews","volume":"49","author":"Hess","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hess\n              DR.\n            \n          \n          Retrospective studies and chart reviews.\nRespir Care.\n2004;\n49(10):\n1171\u20131174."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b24","series-title":"Scand J Public Health","first-page":"225","article-title":"Register-based research: some methodological considerations","volume":"39","author":"Olsen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Olsen\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Register-based research: some methodological considerations.\nScand J Public Health.\n2011;\n39(3):\n225\u2013229. doi:10.1177\/1403494811402719"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b01","series-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol","first-page":"344","article-title":"Time and duration of eruption of first and second permanent molars: a longitudinal investigation","volume":"31","author":"Ekstrand","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ekstrand\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Christiansen\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Christiansen\n              MEC.\n            \n          \n          Time and duration of eruption of first and second permanent molars: a longitudinal investigation.\nCommunity Dent Oral Epidemiol.\n2003;\n31(5):\n344\u2013350. doi:10.1034\/j.1600-0528.2003.00016.x"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b02","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"115","article-title":"Relationship between mesiodistal crown diameters of permanent first molars and deciduous second molars","volume":"11","author":"Bravo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bravo\n              N,\n            \n            \n              Facal\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Maroto\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Barber\u00eda\n              E.\n            \n          \n          Relationship between mesiodistal crown diameters of permanent first molars and deciduous second molars.\nEur J Paediatr Dent.\n2010;\n11(3):\n115\u2013121."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b03","series-title":"Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc","first-page":"349","article-title":"Early loss of the first molars 25 years after","author":"Thunold","year":"1970","unstructured":"Thunold\n              K.\n            \n          \n          Early loss of the first molars 25 years after.\nRep Congr Eur Orthod Soc.\n1970:349\u2013365."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b04","series-title":"Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc","first-page":"429","article-title":"Orthodontic sequelae of extraction of permanent first molars. A longitudinal study","author":"Thilander","year":"1970","unstructured":"Thilander\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Skagius\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic sequelae of extraction of permanent first molars. A longitudinal study.\nRep Congr Eur Orthod Soc.\n1970:429\u2013442."},{"issue":"(11)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b05","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"643","article-title":"National clinical guidelines for the extraction of first permanent molars in children","volume":"217","author":"Cobourne","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cobourne\n              MT,\n            \n            \n              Williams\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Harrison\n              M.\n            \n          \n          National clinical guidelines for the extraction of first permanent molars in children.\nBr Dent J.\n2014;\n217(11):\n643\u2013648. doi:10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.1053"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"90","article-title":"Lower first permanent molars: developing better predictors of spontaneous space closure","volume":"38","author":"Teo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Teo\n              TKY,\n            \n            \n              Ashley\n              PF,\n            \n            \n              Derrick\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Lower first permanent molars: developing better predictors of spontaneous space closure.\nEur J Orthod.\n2016;\n38(1):\n90\u201395. doi:10.1093\/ejo\/cjv029"},{"issue":"(10)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b07","series-title":"Niger J Clin Pract","first-page":"1450","article-title":"Spontaneous space closure following the extraction of the first permanent mandibular molar","volume":"24","author":"Ciftci","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ciftci\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Guney\n              AU,\n            \n            \n              Deveci\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Sanri\n              IY,\n            \n            \n              Salimow\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Tuncer\n              AH.\n            \n          \n          Spontaneous space closure following the extraction of the first permanent mandibular molar.\nNiger J Clin Pract.\n2021;\n24(10):\n1450\u20131456. doi:10.4103\/njcp.njcp_606_20"},{"issue":"(7)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b08","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"E14","article-title":"Extraction of first permanent molar teeth: results from three dental hospitals","volume":"203","author":"Albadri","year":"2007","unstructured":"Albadri\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Zaitoun\n              H,\n            \n            \n              McDonnell\n              ST,\n            \n            \n              Davidson\n              LE.\n            \n          \n          Extraction of first permanent molar teeth: results from three dental hospitals.\nBr Dent J.\n2007;\n203(7):\nE14; discussion 408\u2013409. doi:10.1038\/bdj.2007.679"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b09","series-title":"Aust Dent J","first-page":"302","article-title":"The extraction of first, second or third permanent molar teeth and its effect on the dentofacial complex","volume":"64","author":"Hatami","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hatami\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Dreyer\n              C.\n            \n          \n          The extraction of first, second or third permanent molar teeth and its effect on the dentofacial complex.\nAust Dent J.\n2019;\n64(4):\n302\u2013311. doi:10.1111\/adj.12716"},{"issue":"(7)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b10","series-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract","first-page":"609","article-title":"Molar incisor hypomineralization","volume":"17","author":"Rao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rao\n              MH,\n            \n            \n              Aluru\n              SC,\n            \n            \n              Jayam\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Bandlapalli\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Patel\n              N.\n            \n          \n          Molar incisor hypomineralization.\nJ Contemp Dent Pract.\n2016;\n17(7):\n609\u2013613."},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"418","article-title":"For four sixes","volume":"117","author":"Sandler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sandler\n              PJ,\n            \n            \n              Atkinson\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Murray\n              AM.\n            \n          \n          For four sixes.\nAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n2000;\n117(4):\n418\u2013434. doi:10.1016\/s0889-5406(00)70161-2"},{"issue":"(1)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b12","series-title":"Aust Dent J","first-page":"2","article-title":"Compromised first permanent molars: an orthodontic perspective","volume":"55","author":"Ong","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ong\n              DCV,\n            \n            \n              Bleakley\n              JE.\n            \n          \n          Compromised first permanent molars: an orthodontic perspective.\nAust Dent J.\n2010;\n55(1):\n2\u201314; quiz 105. doi:10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2009.01176.x"},{"issue":"(5)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b13","series-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"328","article-title":"Evaluation of spontaneous space closure and development of permanent dentition after extraction of hypomineralized permanent first molars","volume":"17","author":"J\u00e4levik","year":"2007","unstructured":"J\u00e4levik\n              B,\n            \n            \n              M\u00f6ller\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Evaluation of spontaneous space closure and development of permanent dentition after extraction of hypomineralized permanent first molars.\nInt J Paediatr Dent.\n2007;\n17(5):\n328\u2013335. doi:10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2007.00849.x"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop","first-page":"718","article-title":"Radiographic prognostic factors determining spontaneous space closure after loss of the permanent first molar","volume":"151","author":"Patel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Patel\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Ashley\n              P,\n            \n            \n              Noar\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Radiographic prognostic factors determining spontaneous space closure after loss of the permanent first molar.\nAm J Orthod Dentofac Orthop.\n2017;\n151(4):\n718\u2013726. doi:10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.09.018"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b15","series-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent","first-page":"207","article-title":"The evaluation of spontaneous space closure after the extraction of first permanent molars","volume":"14","author":"Teo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teo\n              TKY,\n            \n            \n              Ashley\n              PF,\n            \n            \n              Parekh\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Noar\n              J.\n            \n          \n          The evaluation of spontaneous space closure after the extraction of first permanent molars.\nEur Arch Paediatr Dent.\n2013;\n14(4):\n207\u2013212. doi:10.1007\/s40368-013-0042-7"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b16","series-title":"Eur J Paediatr Dent","first-page":"129","article-title":"Hypomineralised first permanent molars and the orthodontist","volume":"4","author":"Williams","year":"2003","unstructured":"Williams\n              JK,\n            \n            \n              Gowans\n              AJ.\n            \n          \n          Hypomineralised first permanent molars and the orthodontist.\nEur J Paediatr Dent.\n2003;\n4(3):\n129\u2013132."},{"key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b17","series-title":"Rep Congr Eur Orthod Soc","first-page":"367","article-title":"A gnatho-odontometric analysis of cases with extraction of the first permanent molar","author":"Dahan","year":"1970","unstructured":"Dahan\n              J.\n            \n          \n          A gnatho-odontometric analysis of cases with extraction of the first permanent molar.\nRep Congr Eur Orthod Soc.\n1970:367\u2013381."},{"issue":"(2)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b18","series-title":"Hum Biol","first-page":"211","article-title":"A new system of dental age assessment","volume":"45","author":"Demirjian","year":"1973","unstructured":"Demirjian\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Goldstein\n              H,\n            \n            \n              Tanner\n              JM.\n            \n          \n          A new system of dental age assessment.\nHum Biol.\n1973;\n45(2):\n211\u2013227."},{"issue":"(6)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b19","series-title":"Dent Update","first-page":"304","article-title":"Treatment planning for the loss of first permanent molars","volume":"28","author":"Gill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gill\n              DS,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              RT,\n            \n            \n              Tredwin\n              CJ.\n            \n          \n          Treatment planning for the loss of first permanent molars.\nDent Update.\n2001;\n28(6):\n304\u2013308. doi:10.12968\/denu.2001.28.6.304"},{"issue":"(4)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"227","article-title":"A clinical study on closing edentulous spaces in the mandible","volume":"49","author":"Stepovich","year":"1979","unstructured":"Stepovich\n              ML.\n            \n          \n          A clinical study on closing edentulous spaces in the mandible.\nAngle Orthod.\n1979;\n49(4):\n227\u2013233. doi:10.1043\/0003-3219(1979)049<0227:ACSOCE>2.0.CO;2"},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b21","series-title":"Nephron Clin Pract","first-page":"c214","article-title":"Cohort studies: prospective versus retrospective","volume":"113","author":"Euser","year":"2009","unstructured":"Euser\n              AM,\n            \n            \n              Zoccali\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Jager\n              KJ,\n            \n            \n              Dekker\n              FW.\n            \n          \n          Cohort studies: prospective versus retrospective.\nNephron Clin Pract.\n2009;\n113(3):\nc214\u2013217. doi:10.1159\/000235241"},{"issue":"(9303)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b22","series-title":"Lancet Lond Engl","first-page":"341","article-title":"Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes","volume":"359","author":"Grimes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Grimes\n              DA,\n            \n            \n              Schulz\n              KF.\n            \n          \n          Cohort studies: marching towards outcomes.\nLancet Lond Engl.\n2002;\n359(9303):\n341\u2013345. doi:10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07500-1"},{"issue":"(10)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b23","series-title":"Respir Care","first-page":"1171","article-title":"Retrospective studies and chart reviews","volume":"49","author":"Hess","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hess\n              DR.\n            \n          \n          Retrospective studies and chart reviews.\nRespir Care.\n2004;\n49(10):\n1171\u20131174."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i1945-7103-94-2-180-b24","series-title":"Scand J Public Health","first-page":"225","article-title":"Register-based research: some methodological considerations","volume":"39","author":"Olsen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Olsen\n              J.\n            \n          \n          Register-based research: some methodological considerations.\nScand J Public Health.\n2011;\n39(3):\n225\u2013229. doi:10.1177\/1403494811402719"}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/94\/2\/article-p180.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/94\/2\/180\/3333078\/i1945-7103-94-2-180.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/94\/2\/article-p180.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/94\/2\/article-p180.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:22:40Z","timestamp":1780064560000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/94\/2\/article-p180.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/061923-423.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}}}