{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T15:40:20Z","timestamp":1794498020209,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the long-term effects on airway in patients with mini-screw\u2013assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE), rapid palatal expansion (RPE), and controls with three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n A total of 180 CBCTs of 60 patients were analyzed at different time points, such as pretreatment, postexpansion, and posttreatment. Patients were divided into three groups: mini-screw assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE), rapid palatal expansion (RPE), and controls. The nasal cavity, nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and laryngopharyngeal airway volume and area were measured. Changes in total airway volume, total airway area, minimal cross-sectional area, maxillary intermolar width, external maxillary width, and palatal width were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Both MARPE and RPE caused a statistically significant increase in the airway after expansion as compared with the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference in the change in airway between MARPE, RPE, and the control group at posttreatment, except for nasopharyngeal volume, which was significantly increased in the MARPE group. There was no correlation between the amount of expansion and increase in total airway volume.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n There was a significant increase in total airway volume, total airway area, and minimal cross-sectional area with MARPE and RPE immediately after expansion, but at posttreatment, the changes in the MARPE and RPE groups were similar to the change in the control group. However, MARPE led to a significant long-term increase in nasopharyngeal volume. The amount of expansion did not correlate with the increase in pharyngeal airway volume.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/062520-586.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T13:06:48Z","timestamp":1607951208000},"page":"195-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Long-term effects of mini-screw\u2013assisted rapid palatal expansion on airway:"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Shivam","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Ling","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinjian","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Lagravere","family":"Vich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veerasathpurush","family":"Allareddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya","family":"Tadinada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"491","article-title":"Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions","volume":"56","author":"Kutin","year":"1969","unstructured":"Kutin\n G,\n \n \n Hawes\n RR.\n \n \n Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1969;\n\t\t\t\t\t56:\n\t\t\t\t\t491\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t504."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b02","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"173","article-title":"Longitudinal study and cost-benefit analysis of the effect of early treatment of posterior cross-bites in the primary dentition","volume":"14","author":"Kurol","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kurol\n J,\n \n \n Berglund\n L.\n \n \n Longitudinal study and cost-benefit analysis of the effect of early treatment of posterior cross-bites in the primary dentition.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1992;\n\t\t\t\t\t14:\n\t\t\t\t\t173\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t179."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"343","article-title":"Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"71","author":"Baccetti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Cameron\n CG,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t71:\n\t\t\t\t\t343\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"713","article-title":"Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults","volume":"86","author":"Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi\n SH,\n \n \n Shi\n KK,\n \n \n Cha\n JY,\n \n \n Park\n YC,\n \n \n Lee\n KJ.\n \n \n Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t86:\n\t\t\t\t\t713\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t720."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b05","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"253","article-title":"Tooth-borne vs bone-borne rapid maxillary expanders in late adolescence","volume":"85","author":"Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin\n L,\n \n \n Ahn\n HW,\n \n \n Kim\n SJ,\n \n \n Moon\n SC,\n \n \n Kim\n SH,\n \n \n Nelson\n G.\n \n \n Tooth-borne vs bone-borne rapid maxillary expanders in late adolescence.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t253\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t262."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"397","article-title":"Evaluation of nasal airway resistance during rapid maxillary expansion using acoustic rhinometry","volume":"26","author":"Doruk","year":"2004","unstructured":"Doruk\n C,\n \n \n S\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc\n O,\n \n \n Sezer\n H,\n \n \n Canbay\n EI.\n \n \n Evaluation of nasal airway resistance during rapid maxillary expansion using acoustic rhinometry.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t26:\n\t\t\t\t\t397\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t401."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"462","article-title":"Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion: a prospective cone-beam computed tomography study","volume":"143","author":"Chang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chang\n Y,\n \n \n Koenig\n LJ,\n \n \n Pruszynski\n JE,\n \n \n Bradley\n TG,\n \n \n Bosio\n JA,\n \n \n Liu\n D.\n \n \n Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion: a prospective cone-beam computed tomography study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t143:\n\t\t\t\t\t462\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t470."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"435","article-title":"Assessment of changes in the nasal airway after nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion in young adults","volume":"88","author":"Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim\n SY,\n \n \n Park\n YC,\n \n \n Lee\n KJ,\n \n et al.\n \n Assessment of changes in the nasal airway after nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion in young adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t88:\n\t\t\t\t\t435\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t441."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b09","series-title":"Orthod Waves","first-page":"10","article-title":"Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with cone beam computed tomography","volume":"75","author":"Sadeghian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sadeghian\n S,\n \n \n Ghafari\n R,\n \n \n Feizbakhsh\n M,\n \n \n Dadgar\n S.\n \n \n Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with cone beam computed tomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Waves.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t10\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t17."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b10","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"9","article-title":"Are there benefits from using bone-borne maxillary expansion instead of tooth-borne maxillary expansion? A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Kr\u00fcsi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kr\u00fcsi\n M,\n \n \n Eliades\n T,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN.\n \n \n Are there benefits from using bone-borne maxillary expansion instead of tooth-borne maxillary expansion? A systematic review with meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t20:\n\t\t\t\t\t9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"366","article-title":"Immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion with Haas-type and hyrax-type expanders: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"140","author":"Weissheimer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weissheimer\n A,\n \n \n de Menezes\n LM,\n \n \n Mezomo\n M,\n \n \n Dias\n DM,\n \n \n de Lima\n EM,\n \n \n Rizzatto\n SM.\n \n \n Immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion with Haas-type and hyrax-type expanders: a randomized clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t140:\n\t\t\t\t\t366\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t376.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.07.025"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"8","article-title":"Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"134","author":"Garrett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Garrett\n BJ,\n \n \n Caruso\n JM,\n \n \n Rungcharassaeng\n K,\n \n \n Farrage\n JR,\n \n \n Kim\n JS,\n \n \n Taylor\n GD.\n \n \n Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t134:\n\t\t\t\t\t8\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"311","article-title":"Treatment and posttreatment skeletal effects of rapid maxillary expansion investigated with low-dose computed tomography in growing subjects","volume":"138","author":"Ballanti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ballanti\n F,\n \n \n Lione\n R,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Cozza\n P.\n \n \n Treatment and posttreatment skeletal effects of rapid maxillary expansion investigated with low-dose computed tomography in growing subjects.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t138:\n\t\t\t\t\t311\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t317."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b14","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"34","article-title":"Changes in the midpalatal and pterygopalatine sutures induced by micro-implant-supported skeletal expander, analyzed with a novel 3D method based on CBCT imaging","volume":"18","author":"Cantarella","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cantarella\n D,\n \n \n Dominguez-Mompell\n R,\n \n \n Mallya\n SM,\n \n et al.\n \n Changes in the midpalatal and pterygopalatine sutures induced by micro-implant-supported skeletal expander, analyzed with a novel 3D method based on CBCT imaging.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t18:\n\t\t\t\t\t34."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b15","series-title":"Proc Am Thorac Soc","first-page":"242","article-title":"Epidemiology of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"5","author":"Lumeng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lumeng\n JC,\n \n \n Chervin\n RD.\n \n \n Epidemiology of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.\n\t\t\t\t\tProc Am Thorac Soc.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t242\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t252."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"860","article-title":"Craniofacial and upper airway morphology in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing and changes in quality of life with rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"144","author":"Katyal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Katyal\n V,\n \n \n Pamula\n Y,\n \n \n Daynes\n CN,\n \n et al.\n \n Craniofacial and upper airway morphology in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing and changes in quality of life with rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t144:\n\t\t\t\t\t860\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t871."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b17","series-title":"Sleep Med","first-page":"128","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: 12-month follow-up","volume":"8","author":"Villa","year":"2007","unstructured":"Villa\n MP,\n \n \n Malagola\n C,\n \n \n Pagani\n J,\n \n et al.\n \n Rapid maxillary expansion in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: 12-month follow-up.\n\t\t\t\t\tSleep Med.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t8:\n\t\t\t\t\t128\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t134."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b18","series-title":"J Evid Based Dent Pract","first-page":"159","article-title":"Efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Vale","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vale\n F,\n \n \n Albergaria\n M,\n \n \n Carrilho\n E,\n \n et al.\n \n Efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Evid Based Dent Pract.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t17:\n\t\t\t\t\t159\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t168."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b19","series-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol","first-page":"309","article-title":"Current advances in rhinomanometry","volume":"254","author":"Naito","year":"1997","unstructured":"Naito\n K,\n \n \n Iwata\n S.\n \n \n Current advances in rhinomanometry.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.\n\t\t\t\t\t1997;\n\t\t\t\t\t254:\n\t\t\t\t\t309\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t312."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b20","series-title":"Am J Rhinol","first-page":"463","article-title":"Comparison of anatomic, physiologic and subjective measures of the nasal airway","volume":"20","author":"Lam","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lam\n DJ,\n \n \n James\n KT,\n \n \n Weaver\n EM.\n \n \n Comparison of anatomic, physiologic and subjective measures of the nasal airway.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Rhinol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t20:\n\t\t\t\t\t463\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t470."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"491","article-title":"Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions","volume":"56","author":"Kutin","year":"1969","unstructured":"Kutin\n G,\n \n \n Hawes\n RR.\n \n \n Posterior cross-bites in the deciduous and mixed dentitions.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1969;\n\t\t\t\t\t56:\n\t\t\t\t\t491\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t504."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b02","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"173","article-title":"Longitudinal study and cost-benefit analysis of the effect of early treatment of posterior cross-bites in the primary dentition","volume":"14","author":"Kurol","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kurol\n J,\n \n \n Berglund\n L.\n \n \n Longitudinal study and cost-benefit analysis of the effect of early treatment of posterior cross-bites in the primary dentition.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1992;\n\t\t\t\t\t14:\n\t\t\t\t\t173\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t179."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"343","article-title":"Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"71","author":"Baccetti","year":"2001","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Cameron\n CG,\n \n \n McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n Treatment timing for rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2001;\n\t\t\t\t\t71:\n\t\t\t\t\t343\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"713","article-title":"Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults","volume":"86","author":"Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi\n SH,\n \n \n Shi\n KK,\n \n \n Cha\n JY,\n \n \n Park\n YC,\n \n \n Lee\n KJ.\n \n \n Nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion results in acceptable stability in young adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t86:\n\t\t\t\t\t713\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t720."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b05","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"253","article-title":"Tooth-borne vs bone-borne rapid maxillary expanders in late adolescence","volume":"85","author":"Lin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lin\n L,\n \n \n Ahn\n HW,\n \n \n Kim\n SJ,\n \n \n Moon\n SC,\n \n \n Kim\n SH,\n \n \n Nelson\n G.\n \n \n Tooth-borne vs bone-borne rapid maxillary expanders in late adolescence.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t85:\n\t\t\t\t\t253\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t262."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"397","article-title":"Evaluation of nasal airway resistance during rapid maxillary expansion using acoustic rhinometry","volume":"26","author":"Doruk","year":"2004","unstructured":"Doruk\n C,\n \n \n S\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc\n O,\n \n \n Sezer\n H,\n \n \n Canbay\n EI.\n \n \n Evaluation of nasal airway resistance during rapid maxillary expansion using acoustic rhinometry.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2004;\n\t\t\t\t\t26:\n\t\t\t\t\t397\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t401."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"462","article-title":"Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion: a prospective cone-beam computed tomography study","volume":"143","author":"Chang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chang\n Y,\n \n \n Koenig\n LJ,\n \n \n Pruszynski\n JE,\n \n \n Bradley\n TG,\n \n \n Bosio\n JA,\n \n \n Liu\n D.\n \n \n Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion: a prospective cone-beam computed tomography study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t143:\n\t\t\t\t\t462\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t470."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"435","article-title":"Assessment of changes in the nasal airway after nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion in young adults","volume":"88","author":"Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim\n SY,\n \n \n Park\n YC,\n \n \n Lee\n KJ,\n \n et al.\n \n Assessment of changes in the nasal airway after nonsurgical miniscrew-assisted rapid maxillary expansion in young adults.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t88:\n\t\t\t\t\t435\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t441."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b09","series-title":"Orthod Waves","first-page":"10","article-title":"Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with cone beam computed tomography","volume":"75","author":"Sadeghian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sadeghian\n S,\n \n \n Ghafari\n R,\n \n \n Feizbakhsh\n M,\n \n \n Dadgar\n S.\n \n \n Dimensional changes of upper airway after rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with cone beam computed tomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tOrthod Waves.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t10\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t17."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b10","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"9","article-title":"Are there benefits from using bone-borne maxillary expansion instead of tooth-borne maxillary expansion? A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Kr\u00fcsi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kr\u00fcsi\n M,\n \n \n Eliades\n T,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN.\n \n \n Are there benefits from using bone-borne maxillary expansion instead of tooth-borne maxillary expansion? A systematic review with meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t20:\n\t\t\t\t\t9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"366","article-title":"Immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion with Haas-type and hyrax-type expanders: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"140","author":"Weissheimer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weissheimer\n A,\n \n \n de Menezes\n LM,\n \n \n Mezomo\n M,\n \n \n Dias\n DM,\n \n \n de Lima\n EM,\n \n \n Rizzatto\n SM.\n \n \n Immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion with Haas-type and hyrax-type expanders: a randomized clinical trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t140:\n\t\t\t\t\t366\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t376.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.07.025"},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-2-195-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"8","article-title":"Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary 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