{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T18:54:10Z","timestamp":1789498450950,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To analyze and compare external apical root resorption (EARR) of maxillary incisors treated by intrusion arch or continuous archwire mechanics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n This cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study analyzed 28 deep bite patients in the permanent dentition who were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1, 12 patients with initial mean age of 15.1 \u00b1 1.6 years and mean overbite of 4.6 \u00b1 1.2 mm treated with the Connecticut intrusion arch (CIA) in the upper arch (Ortho Organizers, Carlsbad, Calif) for a mean period of 5.8 \u00b1 1.27 months. Group 2, 16 patients with initial mean age of 22.1 \u00b1 5.7 years and mean overbite of 4.1 \u00b1 1.1 mm treated with conventional leveling and alignment using continuous archwire mechanics for 6.1 \u00b1 0.81 months. The degree of EARR was detected in 112 maxillary incisors by using CBCT scans and a three-dimensional program (Dolphin 11.7, Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif). The CBCT scans were obtained before (T1) and 6 months after initiation of treatment (T2). Differences between and within groups were assessed by nonpaired and paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -tests, respectively, with a 5% significance level.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Significant differences were found for both groups between T1 and T2 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05) indicating that EARR occurred in both groups. However, there were no significant differences when EARR was compared between group 1 (\u22120.76 mm) and group 2 (\u22120.59 mm).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The Connecticut intrusion arch did not lead to greater EARR of maxillary incisors when compared with conventional orthodontic mechanics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/06417-424r","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,6]],"date-time":"2017-10-06T13:53:01Z","timestamp":1507297981000},"page":"20-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A comparative study of the effect of the intrusion arch and straight wire mechanics on incisor root resorption: A randomized, controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Marcio Rodrigues","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Full Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline Siqueira Butzke","family":"Mar\u00e7al","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Paran\u00e1, Londrina, PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais Maria Freire","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Full Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Brito","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Student, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Paran\u00e1, Londrina, PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato Rodrigues","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil; and Full Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of North Parana, Londrina, PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravindra","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Head, Department of Craniofacial Sciences; and Alumni Endowed Chair, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Conn."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deep overbite correction by intrusion","volume":"72","author":"Burstone \n CR.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Burstone \n CR.\n \n \n Deep overbite correction by intrusion. Am J Orthod. 1977;72:1\u201322."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"247","article-title":"Vertical malocclusions: etiology, development, diagnosis and some aspects of treatment","volume":"61","author":"Nielsen \n IL.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nielsen \n IL.\n \n \n Vertical malocclusions: etiology, development, diagnosis and some aspects of treatment. Angle Orthod. 1991;61:247\u2013260."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b03","series-title":"Dent Clin North Am","first-page":"67","article-title":"Correction of deep overbite in adults","volume":"41","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Correction of deep overbite in adults. Dent Clin North Am. 1997;41(1):67\u201387."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b04","series-title":"Esthetics and Biomechanics in Orthodontics. 2nd ed","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Esthetics and Biomechanics in Orthodontics. 2nd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier\/Saunders;2015."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b05","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"708","article-title":"The Connecticut intrusion arch","volume":"32","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Marzban \n R.\n \n \n Kuhlberg \n A.\n \n \n The Connecticut intrusion arch. J Clin Orthod. 1998;32:708\u2013715."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"30","article-title":"Evaluation of the risks of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors","volume":"10","author":"Levander \n E.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Levander \n E.\n \n \n Malmgren \n O.\n \n \n Evaluation of the risks of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors. Eur J Orthod. 1988;10:30\u201338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"543","article-title":"An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion","volume":"10","author":"Costopoulos \n G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Costopoulos \n G.\n \n \n Nanda \n R.\n \n \n An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;10:543\u2013548."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b08","series-title":"Orthod Craniofacial Res","first-page":"64","article-title":"Exploring the third dimension in root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Chan \n EKM.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chan \n EKM.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Exploring the third dimension in root resorption. Orthod Craniofacial Res. 2004;7:64\u201370."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n C.\n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H.\n \n \n Yoshimatsu \n M.\n \n \n Yozgatian \n JH.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Yoshida \n N.\n \n \n Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"764","article-title":"In-vitro comparison of 2 cone-beam computed tomography systems and panoramic imaging for detecting simulated canine impaction-induced external root resorption in maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"136","author":"Alqerban \n A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alqerban \n A.\n \n \n Jacobs \n R.\n \n \n Souza \n PC.\n \n \n Willems \n G.\n \n \n In-vitro comparison of 2 cone-beam computed tomography systems and panoramic imaging for detecting simulated canine impaction-induced external root resorption in maxillary lateral incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:764\u2013775."},{"issue":"suppl 4","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S100","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs","volume":"137","author":"Sherrard \n JF.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sherrard \n JF.\n \n \n Rossouw \n PE.\n \n \n Benson \n BW.\n \n \n Carrillo \n R.\n \n \n Buschang \n PH.\n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137(suppl 4):S100\u2013S108."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"32","article-title":"Response of the maxillary dentition to a statically determinate one-couple system with tip-back mechanics: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"86","author":"Janakiraman \n N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Janakiraman \n N.\n \n \n Gill \n P.\n \n \n Upadhyay \n M.\n \n \n Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Uribe \n F.\n \n \n Response of the maxillary dentition to a statically determinate one-couple system with tip-back mechanics: a prospective clinical trial. Angle Orthod. 2015;86:32\u201338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b13","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"283","article-title":"Study of the extent of torque, protrusion and intrusion of the incisors in the context of Class II, Division 2 treatment in adults","volume":"63","author":"Kinzel \n J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kinzel \n J.\n \n \n Aberschek \n P.\n \n \n Mischak \n I.\n \n \n Droschl \n H.\n \n \n Study of the extent of torque, protrusion and intrusion of the incisors in the context of Class II, Division 2 treatment in adults. J Orofac Orthop. 2002;63:283\u2013299."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"212","article-title":"True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Ng \n J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ng \n J.\n \n \n Major \n PW.\n \n \n Heo \n G.\n \n \n Flores-Mir \n C.\n \n \n True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:212\u2013219."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"382","article-title":"The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements","volume":"83","author":"Houston \n WJB.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Houston \n WJB.\n \n \n The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements. Am J Orthod. 1983;83:382\u2013390."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"62","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 1. Literature review","volume":"103","author":"Brezniak \n N.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brezniak \n N.\n \n \n Wasserstein \n A.\n \n \n Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 1. Literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993;103:62\u201366."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"35","article-title":"Patient characteristics and treatment variables associated with apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment","volume":"99","author":"Linge \n L.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Linge \n L.\n \n \n Linge \n BO.\n \n \n Patient characteristics and treatment variables associated with apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;99:35\u201343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"161","article-title":"Hyalinization and root resorption during early orthodontic tooth movement in adolescents","volume":"68","author":"Kurol \n J.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kurol \n J.\n \n \n Owman-Moll \n P.\n \n \n Hyalinization and root resorption during early orthodontic tooth movement in adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:161\u2013166."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b19","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"110","article-title":"Predisposing factors to severe external root resorption associated to orthodontic treatment","volume":"18","author":"Pican\u00e7o \n GV.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pican\u00e7o \n GV.\n \n \n Freitas \n KMS.\n \n \n Can\u00e7ado \n RH.\n \n \n Valarelli \n FP.\n \n \n Pican\u00e7o \n PRB.\n \n \n Feij\u00e3o \n CP.\n \n \n Predisposing factors to severe external root resorption associated to orthodontic treatment. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013;18:110\u2013120."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"723","article-title":"The influence of force magnitude on intrusion of the maxillary segment","volume":"75","author":"van Steenbergen \n E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"van Steenbergen \n E.\n \n \n Burstone \n CJ.\n \n \n Prahl-Andersen \n B.\n \n \n Aartman \n IHA.\n \n \n The influence of force magnitude on intrusion of the maxillary segment. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:723\u2013729."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"59","article-title":"Creative wire bending\u2014the force system from step and V bends","volume":"93","author":"Burstone \n CJ.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Burstone \n CJ.\n \n \n Koenig \n HA.\n \n \n Creative wire bending\u2014the force system from step and V bends. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;93:59\u201367."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b22","series-title":"Fortschr Kieferorthop","first-page":"16","article-title":"Intrusion of the anterior teeth with the segmented-arch technic of Burstone\u2014a clinical study","volume":"53","author":"Goerigk \n B.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Goerigk \n B.\n \n \n Diedrich \n P.\n \n \n Wehrbein \n H.\n \n \n Intrusion of the anterior teeth with the segmented-arch technic of Burstone\u2014a clinical study. Fortschr Kieferorthop. 1992;53:16\u201325."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"723","article-title":"Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients","volume":"141","author":"\u015een\u0131\u015f\u0131k \n NE.","year":"2012","unstructured":"\u015een\u0131\u015f\u0131k \n NE.\n \n \n T\u00fcrkkahraman \n H.\n \n \n Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2012;141:723\u2013733."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b24","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"746","article-title":"Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: root resorption and treatment efficiency","volume":"86","author":"Aras \n I.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aras \n I.\n \n \n Tuncer \n AV.\n \n \n Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: root resorption and treatment efficiency. Angle Orthod. 2016;86:746\u2013752."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b25","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"578","article-title":"Root resorption during tooth movements","volume":"31","author":"Ramanathan \n C.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ramanathan \n C.\n \n \n Hofman \n Z.\n \n \n Root resorption during tooth movements. Eur J Orthod. 2009;31:578\u2013583."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b26","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"196","article-title":"Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors","volume":"82","author":"Makedonas \n D.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Makedonas \n D.\n \n \n Lund \n H.\n \n \n Grondahl \n K.\n \n \n Hansen \n K.\n \n \n Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors. Angle Orthod. 2012;82:196\u2013201."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b27","series-title":"Progress Orthod","first-page":"18","article-title":"Comparison of 4 and 6 weeks of rest period for repair of root resorption","volume":"18","author":"Mehta \n SA.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mehta \n SA.\n \n et al. \n Comparison of 4 and 6 weeks of rest period for repair of root resorption. Progress Orthod. 2017;18:18."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"Deep overbite correction by intrusion","volume":"72","author":"Burstone \n CR.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Burstone \n CR.\n \n \n Deep overbite correction by intrusion. Am J Orthod. 1977;72:1\u201322."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"247","article-title":"Vertical malocclusions: etiology, development, diagnosis and some aspects of treatment","volume":"61","author":"Nielsen \n IL.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nielsen \n IL.\n \n \n Vertical malocclusions: etiology, development, diagnosis and some aspects of treatment. Angle Orthod. 1991;61:247\u2013260."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b03","series-title":"Dent Clin North Am","first-page":"67","article-title":"Correction of deep overbite in adults","volume":"41","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Correction of deep overbite in adults. Dent Clin North Am. 1997;41(1):67\u201387."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b04","series-title":"Esthetics and Biomechanics in Orthodontics. 2nd ed","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Esthetics and Biomechanics in Orthodontics. 2nd ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier\/Saunders;2015."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b05","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"708","article-title":"The Connecticut intrusion arch","volume":"32","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Marzban \n R.\n \n \n Kuhlberg \n A.\n \n \n The Connecticut intrusion arch. J Clin Orthod. 1998;32:708\u2013715."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"30","article-title":"Evaluation of the risks of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors","volume":"10","author":"Levander \n E.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Levander \n E.\n \n \n Malmgren \n O.\n \n \n Evaluation of the risks of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors. Eur J Orthod. 1988;10:30\u201338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"543","article-title":"An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion","volume":"10","author":"Costopoulos \n G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Costopoulos \n G.\n \n \n Nanda \n R.\n \n \n An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;10:543\u2013548."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b08","series-title":"Orthod Craniofacial Res","first-page":"64","article-title":"Exploring the third dimension in root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Chan \n EKM.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chan \n EKM.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Exploring the third dimension in root resorption. Orthod Craniofacial Res. 2004;7:64\u201370."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n C.\n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H.\n \n \n Yoshimatsu \n M.\n \n \n Yozgatian \n JH.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Yoshida \n N.\n \n \n Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"764","article-title":"In-vitro comparison of 2 cone-beam computed tomography systems and panoramic imaging for detecting simulated canine impaction-induced external root resorption in maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"136","author":"Alqerban \n A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alqerban \n A.\n \n \n Jacobs \n R.\n \n \n Souza \n PC.\n \n \n Willems \n G.\n \n \n In-vitro comparison of 2 cone-beam computed tomography systems and panoramic imaging for detecting simulated canine impaction-induced external root resorption in maxillary lateral incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:764\u2013775."},{"issue":"suppl 4","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S100","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs","volume":"137","author":"Sherrard \n JF.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sherrard \n JF.\n \n \n Rossouw \n PE.\n \n \n Benson \n BW.\n \n \n Carrillo \n R.\n \n \n Buschang \n PH.\n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137(suppl 4):S100\u2013S108."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"32","article-title":"Response of the maxillary dentition to a statically determinate one-couple system with tip-back mechanics: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"86","author":"Janakiraman \n N.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Janakiraman \n N.\n \n \n Gill \n P.\n \n \n Upadhyay \n M.\n \n \n Nanda \n R.\n \n \n Uribe \n F.\n \n \n Response of the maxillary dentition to a statically determinate one-couple system with tip-back mechanics: a prospective clinical trial. Angle Orthod. 2015;86:32\u201338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b13","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"283","article-title":"Study of the extent of torque, protrusion and intrusion of the incisors in the context of Class II, Division 2 treatment in adults","volume":"63","author":"Kinzel \n J.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kinzel \n J.\n \n \n Aberschek \n P.\n \n \n Mischak \n I.\n \n \n Droschl \n H.\n \n \n Study of the extent of torque, protrusion and intrusion of the incisors in the context of Class II, Division 2 treatment in adults. J Orofac Orthop. 2002;63:283\u2013299."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"212","article-title":"True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Ng \n J.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ng \n J.\n \n \n Major \n PW.\n \n \n Heo \n G.\n \n \n Flores-Mir \n C.\n \n \n True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:212\u2013219."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"382","article-title":"The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements","volume":"83","author":"Houston \n WJB.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Houston \n WJB.\n \n \n The analysis of errors in orthodontic measurements. Am J Orthod. 1983;83:382\u2013390."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"62","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 1. Literature review","volume":"103","author":"Brezniak \n N.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brezniak \n N.\n \n \n Wasserstein \n A.\n \n \n Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 1. Literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993;103:62\u201366."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"35","article-title":"Patient characteristics and treatment variables associated with apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment","volume":"99","author":"Linge \n L.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Linge \n L.\n \n \n Linge \n BO.\n \n \n Patient characteristics and treatment variables associated with apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;99:35\u201343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"161","article-title":"Hyalinization and root resorption during early orthodontic tooth movement in adolescents","volume":"68","author":"Kurol \n J.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kurol \n J.\n \n \n Owman-Moll \n P.\n \n \n Hyalinization and root resorption during early orthodontic tooth movement in adolescents. Angle Orthod. 1998;68:161\u2013166."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b19","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"110","article-title":"Predisposing factors to severe external root resorption associated to orthodontic treatment","volume":"18","author":"Pican\u00e7o \n GV.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pican\u00e7o \n GV.\n \n \n Freitas \n KMS.\n \n \n Can\u00e7ado \n RH.\n \n \n Valarelli \n FP.\n \n \n Pican\u00e7o \n PRB.\n \n \n Feij\u00e3o \n CP.\n \n \n Predisposing factors to severe external root resorption associated to orthodontic treatment. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013;18:110\u2013120."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"723","article-title":"The influence of force magnitude on intrusion of the maxillary segment","volume":"75","author":"van Steenbergen \n E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"van Steenbergen \n E.\n \n \n Burstone \n CJ.\n \n \n Prahl-Andersen \n B.\n \n \n Aartman \n IHA.\n \n \n The influence of force magnitude on intrusion of the maxillary segment. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:723\u2013729."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"59","article-title":"Creative wire bending\u2014the force system from step and V bends","volume":"93","author":"Burstone \n CJ.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Burstone \n CJ.\n \n \n Koenig \n HA.\n \n \n Creative wire bending\u2014the force system from step and V bends. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1988;93:59\u201367."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b22","series-title":"Fortschr Kieferorthop","first-page":"16","article-title":"Intrusion of the anterior teeth with the segmented-arch technic of Burstone\u2014a clinical study","volume":"53","author":"Goerigk \n B.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Goerigk \n B.\n \n \n Diedrich \n P.\n \n \n Wehrbein \n H.\n \n \n Intrusion of the anterior teeth with the segmented-arch technic of Burstone\u2014a clinical study. Fortschr Kieferorthop. 1992;53:16\u201325."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"723","article-title":"Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients","volume":"141","author":"\u015een\u0131\u015f\u0131k \n NE.","year":"2012","unstructured":"\u015een\u0131\u015f\u0131k \n NE.\n \n \n T\u00fcrkkahraman \n H.\n \n \n Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2012;141:723\u2013733."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b24","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"746","article-title":"Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: root resorption and treatment efficiency","volume":"86","author":"Aras \n I.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aras \n I.\n \n \n Tuncer \n AV.\n \n \n Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: root resorption and treatment efficiency. Angle Orthod. 2016;86:746\u2013752."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b25","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"578","article-title":"Root resorption during tooth movements","volume":"31","author":"Ramanathan \n C.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ramanathan \n C.\n \n \n Hofman \n Z.\n \n \n Root resorption during tooth movements. Eur J Orthod. 2009;31:578\u2013583."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b26","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"196","article-title":"Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors","volume":"82","author":"Makedonas \n D.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Makedonas \n D.\n \n \n Lund \n H.\n \n \n Grondahl \n K.\n \n \n Hansen \n K.\n \n \n Root resorption diagnosed with cone beam computed tomography after 6 months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance and the relation to risk factors. Angle Orthod. 2012;82:196\u2013201."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-20-b27","series-title":"Progress Orthod","first-page":"18","article-title":"Comparison of 4 and 6 weeks of rest period for repair of root resorption","volume":"18","author":"Mehta \n SA.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mehta \n SA.\n \n et al. \n Comparison of 4 and 6 weeks of rest period for repair of root resorption. Progress Orthod. 2017;18:18."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/88\/1\/article-p20.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/88\/1\/20\/1395396\/06417-424r.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/88\/1\/article-p20.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/88\/1\/article-p20.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:15:44Z","timestamp":1780067744000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/88\/1\/article-p20.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/06417-424r","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}}}