{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T08:37:07Z","timestamp":1780475827979,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To describe the demographic and practice characteristics of the clinicians enrolled in a large, prospective cohort study examining recommendations and treatment for adult anterior open bite (AOB) and the relationship between these characteristics and practitioners' self-reported treatment preferences. The characteristics of the AOB patients recruited were also described.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Practitioners were recruited from the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Participants in the study consisted of practitioners and their adult AOB patients in active treatment. Upon enrollment, practitioners completed questionnaires enquiring about demographics, treatment preferences for adult AOB patients, and treatment recommendations for each patient. Patients completed questionnaires on demographics and factors related to treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Ninety-one practitioners and 347 patients were recruited. Demographic characteristics of recruited orthodontists were similar to those of American Association of Orthodontists members. The great majority of practitioners reported using fixed appliances and elastics frequently for adult AOB patients. Only a third of practitioners reported using aligners frequently for adult AOB patients, and 10% to 13% frequently recommended temporary anchorage devices (TADs) or orthognathic surgery. Seventy-four percent of the patients were female, and the mean age was 31.4 years. The mean pretreatment overbite was \u22122.4 mm, and the mean mandibular plane angle was 38.8\u00b0. Almost 40% of patients had undergone orthodontic treatment previously.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n This article presents the demographic data for 91 doctors and 347 adult AOB patients, as well as the practitioners' self-reported treatment preferences.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/070118-491.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]],"date-time":"2018-09-12T09:25:49Z","timestamp":1536744349000},"page":"675-683","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network adult anterior open bite study: A description of the practitioners and patients"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kelly W.","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice, San Francisco, Calif."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Ching","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."},{"name":"Private practice, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren S.","family":"Todoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel A.","family":"Finkleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roozbeh","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliate Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsuan-Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."},{"name":"Attending Physician, Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Funkhouser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Division of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camille","family":"Baltuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Coordinator, Western Region, National Dental Practice-Based Network, Seattle, Wash."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishnu","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Developmental Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Tex."},{"name":"Private practice, San Antonio, Tex."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veerasathpurush","family":"Allareddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Director of Collegiate Clinical Research Center and Craniofacial Clinical Research Program, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Ia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Matunas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adjunct Faculty, Advanced General Dentistry Residency, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Ida."},{"name":"Private practice, Boise, Ida."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.","family":"Vermette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice, Concord, NH."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Harrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00b0\u2009Adjunct Assistant Professor, Orthodontic Department, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala."},{"name":"Private practice, Alexander City, Ala."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge C.","family":"Coro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Courtesy Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Fla."},{"name":"Adjunct Faculty, Department of Orthodontics, Nova Southeastern University, College of Dental Medicine, Davie, Fla."},{"name":"Private practice, Coral Gables, Fla."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey M.","family":"Greenlee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Associate Professor and Clinic Director, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg J.","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"_","family":"_","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Dental Practice-Based Research Network (PBRN) Collaborative Group includes practitioner, faculty, and staff investigators who contributed to this activity. A full list is available at http:\/\/nationaldentalpbrn.org\/collaborative-group.php."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b01","series-title":"Practical Orthodontics","author":"Anderson \n GM.","year":"1948","unstructured":"Anderson \n GM. \n \n \n Practical Orthodontics. St Louis, Mo: Mosby;1948."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b02","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"136","article-title":"Nascimento JMd, Artese F. Criteria for diagnosing and treating anterior openbite with stability","volume":"16","author":"Artese \n A,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Artese \n A, \n \n \n Drummond \n S, \n \n \n Nascimento JMd, Artese F. Criteria for diagnosing and treating anterior openbite with stability. Dental Press J Orthod. 2011;16:136\u2013161."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b03","series-title":"An Assessment of the Occlusion of Teeth of Children. US Public Health Service DHEW Pub No (HRA)74-1612","author":"Kelly \n JE,","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kelly \n JE, \n \n \n Sanchez \n M, \n \n \n vanKirk \n LE. \n \n \n An Assessment of the Occlusion of Teeth of Children. US Public Health Service DHEW Pub No (HRA)74-1612. Washington, DC: National Center for Health Statistics;1973."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b04","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"97","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: Estimates from the NHANES III survey","volume":"13","author":"Proffit \n WR,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Proffit \n WR, \n \n \n Fields \n HW\n Jr, \n \n \n Moray \n LJ. \n \n \n Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: Estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;13:97\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"337","article-title":"Open-bite: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"50","author":"Subtelny \n JD,","year":"1964","unstructured":"Subtelny \n JD, \n \n \n Sakuda \n M. \n \n \n Open-bite: diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1964;50:337\u2013358"},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"43","article-title":"Stability of anterior openbite correction with multiloop edgewise archwire therapy: a cephalometric follow-up study","volume":"118","author":"Kim \n YH,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kim \n YH, \n \n \n Han \n UK, \n \n \n Lim \n DD, \n \n \n Serraon \n MLP. \n \n \n Stability of anterior openbite correction with multiloop edgewise archwire therapy: a cephalometric follow-up study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:43\u201354."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"913","article-title":"Open bite treatment using clear aligners","volume":"83","author":"Guarneri \n MP,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guarneri \n MP, \n \n \n Oliverio \n T, \n \n \n Silvestre \n I, \n \n \n Lombardo \n L, \n \n \n Siciliani \n G. \n \n \n Open bite treatment using clear aligners. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:913\u2013919."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"768","article-title":"Stability of anterior open-bite extraction and nonextraction treatment in the permanent dentition","volume":"129","author":"Janson \n G,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Janson \n G, \n \n \n Valarelli \n FP, \n \n \n Beltro \n RTS, \n \n \n de Freitas \n MR, \n \n \n Henriques \n JFC. \n \n \n Stability of anterior open-bite extraction and nonextraction treatment in the permanent dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:768\u2013774."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b09","series-title":"Odontology","first-page":"43","article-title":"Effects of maxillary second molar extraction on dentofacial morphology before and after anterior open-bite treatment: a cephalometric study","volume":"97","author":"Kojima \n K,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kojima \n K, \n \n \n Endo \n T, \n \n \n Shimooka \n S. \n \n \n Effects of maxillary second molar extraction on dentofacial morphology before and after anterior open-bite treatment: a cephalometric study. Odontology. 2009;97:43\u201350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"5","article-title":"Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus non-openbite malocclusions","volume":"59","author":"Denison \n TF,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Denison \n TF, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Shapiro \n PA. \n \n \n Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus non-openbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 1989;59:5\u201310."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b11","series-title":"J Craniofacial Surg","first-page":"734","article-title":"Nasal deformities associated with maxillary surgery: analysis, prevention, and correction","volume":"18","author":"Altman \n JI,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Altman \n JI, \n \n \n Oeltjen \n JC. \n \n \n Nasal deformities associated with maxillary surgery: analysis, prevention, and correction. J Craniofacial Surg. 2007;18:734\u2013739."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"792","article-title":"Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy","volume":"142","author":"Fontes \n AM,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fontes \n AM, \n \n \n Joondeph \n DR, \n \n \n Bloomquist \n DS, \n \n \n Greenlee \n GM, \n \n \n Wallen \n TR, \n \n \n Huang \n GJ. \n \n \n Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:792\u2013800."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"657","article-title":"Cephalometric diagnosis and surgical-orthodontic correction of apertognathia","volume":"78","author":"Frost \n DE,","year":"1980","unstructured":"Frost \n DE, \n \n \n Fonseca \n RJ, \n \n \n Turvey \n TA, \n \n \n Hall \n DJ. \n \n \n Cephalometric diagnosis and surgical-orthodontic correction of apertognathia. Am J Orthod. 1980;78:657\u2013659."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"911","article-title":"Aliaga-Del Castillo A, Soldevilla L, Janson G, Yatabe M, Ricardo Voss Zuazola. Extreme skeletal open bite correction with vertical elastics","volume":"87","author":"Cruz-Escalante \n MA,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cruz-Escalante \n MA, \n \n \n Aliaga-Del Castillo A, Soldevilla L, Janson G, Yatabe M, Ricardo Voss Zuazola. Extreme skeletal open bite correction with vertical elastics. Angle Orthod. 2017;87:911\u2013923."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"577","article-title":"Abas Fraz\u00e3o MC, Dias L, Fernandes Dos Santos PC, Freitas HV, Bosio JA. Nonsurgical correction of a severe anterior open bite with mandibular molar intrusion using mini-implants and the multiloop edgewise archwire technique","volume":"153","author":"Freitas \n BV,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Freitas \n BV, \n \n \n Abas Fraz\u00e3o MC, Dias L, Fernandes Dos Santos PC, Freitas HV, Bosio JA. Nonsurgical correction of a severe anterior open bite with mandibular molar intrusion using mini-implants and the multiloop edgewise archwire technique. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018;153:577\u2013587."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b16","series-title":"J Dent","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Purpose, structure, and function of the United States National Dental Pactice-Based Research Network","volume":"41","author":"Gilbert \n GH,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gilbert \n GH, \n \n \n Williams \n OD, \n \n \n Korelitz \n JJ, \n \n et al. \n Purpose, structure, and function of the United States National Dental Pactice-Based Research Network. J Dent. 2013;41:1051\u20131059."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b17","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"130","article-title":"Comparison of mesiodistal tooth widths in Caucasian, African and Japanese individuals with Brazilian ancestry and normal occlusion","volume":"18","author":"Fernandes \n TM,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fernandes \n TM, \n \n \n Sathler \n R, \n \n \n Natal\u00edcio \n GL, \n \n \n Henriques \n JF, \n \n \n Pinzan \n A. \n \n \n Comparison of mesiodistal tooth widths in Caucasian, African and Japanese individuals with Brazilian ancestry and normal occlusion. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013;18:130\u2013135."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"315","article-title":"Mesiodistal crown dimensions in Mexico and the United States","volume":"56","author":"Bishara \n SE,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bishara \n SE, \n \n \n Fernandez Garcia \n A, \n \n \n Jakobsen \n JR, \n \n \n Fahl \n JA. \n \n \n Mesiodistal crown dimensions in Mexico and the United States. Angle Orthod. 1986;56:315\u2013323."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b19","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"415","article-title":"2008 survey of AAO members on miniscrew usage","volume":"42","author":"Buschang \n PH,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Buschang \n PH, \n \n \n Carrillo \n R, \n \n \n Ozenbaugh \n B, \n \n \n Rossouw \n PE. \n \n \n 2008 survey of AAO members on miniscrew usage. J Clin Orthod. 2008;42:415\u2013418."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b01","series-title":"Practical Orthodontics","author":"Anderson \n GM.","year":"1948","unstructured":"Anderson \n GM. \n \n \n Practical Orthodontics. St Louis, Mo: Mosby;1948."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b02","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"136","article-title":"Nascimento JMd, Artese F. Criteria for diagnosing and treating anterior openbite with stability","volume":"16","author":"Artese \n A,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Artese \n A, \n \n \n Drummond \n S, \n \n \n Nascimento JMd, Artese F. Criteria for diagnosing and treating anterior openbite with stability. Dental Press J Orthod. 2011;16:136\u2013161."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b03","series-title":"An Assessment of the Occlusion of Teeth of Children. US Public Health Service DHEW Pub No (HRA)74-1612","author":"Kelly \n JE,","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kelly \n JE, \n \n \n Sanchez \n M, \n \n \n vanKirk \n LE. \n \n \n An Assessment of the Occlusion of Teeth of Children. US Public Health Service DHEW Pub No (HRA)74-1612. Washington, DC: National Center for Health Statistics;1973."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b04","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"97","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: Estimates from the NHANES III survey","volume":"13","author":"Proffit \n WR,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Proffit \n WR, \n \n \n Fields \n HW\n Jr, \n \n \n Moray \n LJ. \n \n \n Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: Estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;13:97\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"337","article-title":"Open-bite: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"50","author":"Subtelny \n JD,","year":"1964","unstructured":"Subtelny \n JD, \n \n \n Sakuda \n M. \n \n \n Open-bite: diagnosis and treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1964;50:337\u2013358"},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"43","article-title":"Stability of anterior openbite correction with multiloop edgewise archwire therapy: a cephalometric follow-up study","volume":"118","author":"Kim \n YH,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kim \n YH, \n \n \n Han \n UK, \n \n \n Lim \n DD, \n \n \n Serraon \n MLP. \n \n \n Stability of anterior openbite correction with multiloop edgewise archwire therapy: a cephalometric follow-up study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;118:43\u201354."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"913","article-title":"Open bite treatment using clear aligners","volume":"83","author":"Guarneri \n MP,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guarneri \n MP, \n \n \n Oliverio \n T, \n \n \n Silvestre \n I, \n \n \n Lombardo \n L, \n \n \n Siciliani \n G. \n \n \n Open bite treatment using clear aligners. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:913\u2013919."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"768","article-title":"Stability of anterior open-bite extraction and nonextraction treatment in the permanent dentition","volume":"129","author":"Janson \n G,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Janson \n G, \n \n \n Valarelli \n FP, \n \n \n Beltro \n RTS, \n \n \n de Freitas \n MR, \n \n \n Henriques \n JFC. \n \n \n Stability of anterior open-bite extraction and nonextraction treatment in the permanent dentition. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:768\u2013774."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b09","series-title":"Odontology","first-page":"43","article-title":"Effects of maxillary second molar extraction on dentofacial morphology before and after anterior open-bite treatment: a cephalometric study","volume":"97","author":"Kojima \n K,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kojima \n K, \n \n \n Endo \n T, \n \n \n Shimooka \n S. \n \n \n Effects of maxillary second molar extraction on dentofacial morphology before and after anterior open-bite treatment: a cephalometric study. Odontology. 2009;97:43\u201350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"5","article-title":"Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus non-openbite malocclusions","volume":"59","author":"Denison \n TF,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Denison \n TF, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Shapiro \n PA. \n \n \n Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus non-openbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 1989;59:5\u201310."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b11","series-title":"J Craniofacial Surg","first-page":"734","article-title":"Nasal deformities associated with maxillary surgery: analysis, prevention, and correction","volume":"18","author":"Altman \n JI,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Altman \n JI, \n \n \n Oeltjen \n JC. \n \n \n Nasal deformities associated with maxillary surgery: analysis, prevention, and correction. J Craniofacial Surg. 2007;18:734\u2013739."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"792","article-title":"Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy","volume":"142","author":"Fontes \n AM,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fontes \n AM, \n \n \n Joondeph \n DR, \n \n \n Bloomquist \n DS, \n \n \n Greenlee \n GM, \n \n \n Wallen \n TR, \n \n \n Huang \n GJ. \n \n \n Long-term stability of anterior open-bite closure with bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;142:792\u2013800."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"657","article-title":"Cephalometric diagnosis and surgical-orthodontic correction of apertognathia","volume":"78","author":"Frost \n DE,","year":"1980","unstructured":"Frost \n DE, \n \n \n Fonseca \n RJ, \n \n \n Turvey \n TA, \n \n \n Hall \n DJ. \n \n \n Cephalometric diagnosis and surgical-orthodontic correction of apertognathia. Am J Orthod. 1980;78:657\u2013659."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b14","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"911","article-title":"Aliaga-Del Castillo A, Soldevilla L, Janson G, Yatabe M, Ricardo Voss Zuazola. Extreme skeletal open bite correction with vertical elastics","volume":"87","author":"Cruz-Escalante \n MA,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cruz-Escalante \n MA, \n \n \n Aliaga-Del Castillo A, Soldevilla L, Janson G, Yatabe M, Ricardo Voss Zuazola. Extreme skeletal open bite correction with vertical elastics. Angle Orthod. 2017;87:911\u2013923."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"577","article-title":"Abas Fraz\u00e3o MC, Dias L, Fernandes Dos Santos PC, Freitas HV, Bosio JA. Nonsurgical correction of a severe anterior open bite with mandibular molar intrusion using mini-implants and the multiloop edgewise archwire technique","volume":"153","author":"Freitas \n BV,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Freitas \n BV, \n \n \n Abas Fraz\u00e3o MC, Dias L, Fernandes Dos Santos PC, Freitas HV, Bosio JA. Nonsurgical correction of a severe anterior open bite with mandibular molar intrusion using mini-implants and the multiloop edgewise archwire technique. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018;153:577\u2013587."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b16","series-title":"J Dent","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Purpose, structure, and function of the United States National Dental Pactice-Based Research Network","volume":"41","author":"Gilbert \n GH,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gilbert \n GH, \n \n \n Williams \n OD, \n \n \n Korelitz \n JJ, \n \n et al. \n Purpose, structure, and function of the United States National Dental Pactice-Based Research Network. J Dent. 2013;41:1051\u20131059."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b17","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"130","article-title":"Comparison of mesiodistal tooth widths in Caucasian, African and Japanese individuals with Brazilian ancestry and normal occlusion","volume":"18","author":"Fernandes \n TM,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fernandes \n TM, \n \n \n Sathler \n R, \n \n \n Natal\u00edcio \n GL, \n \n \n Henriques \n JF, \n \n \n Pinzan \n A. \n \n \n Comparison of mesiodistal tooth widths in Caucasian, African and Japanese individuals with Brazilian ancestry and normal occlusion. Dental Press J Orthod. 2013;18:130\u2013135."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"315","article-title":"Mesiodistal crown dimensions in Mexico and the United States","volume":"56","author":"Bishara \n SE,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Bishara \n SE, \n \n \n Fernandez Garcia \n A, \n \n \n Jakobsen \n JR, \n \n \n Fahl \n JA. \n \n \n Mesiodistal crown dimensions in Mexico and the United States. Angle Orthod. 1986;56:315\u2013323."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-6-675-b19","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"415","article-title":"2008 survey of AAO members on miniscrew usage","volume":"42","author":"Buschang \n PH,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Buschang \n PH, \n \n \n Carrillo \n R, \n \n \n Ozenbaugh \n B, \n \n \n Rossouw \n PE. \n \n \n 2008 survey of AAO members on miniscrew usage. 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