{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T08:19:54Z","timestamp":1780474794474,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare alveolar bone thickness and height changes between untreated incisors (control), incisors advanced with light-force tipping, and incisors advanced with bodily movement mechanics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-three subjects (aged 9.49 \u00b1 1.56 years) with anterior crossbite were allocated into an untreated group (control), tipping group, or bodily movement group. Lateral cephalograms were taken before advancement (T\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and after obtaining normal overjet (T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). Changes in labial and palatal alveolar bone thickness and height surrounding maxillary incisors were evaluated with limited field-of-view cone-beam computed tomography before advancement (CT\n                      <jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and 4 months after normal overjet was obtained (CT\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA tests were used to compare changes within and between groups, as appropriate. The significance level was set at .05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Labial alveolar bone thickness at the midroot and apical levels were significantly decreased in the bodily movement group (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). However, between groups, there was no statistically significant difference in labial bone thickness changes at any level. Palatal and total alveolar bone thickness at the midroot and apical levels were significantly decreased in the tipping group compared with the control and bodily movement groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). Neither labial nor palatal bone height changes were significantly different among groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maxillary incisor advancement with light-force tipping and bodily movement in growing patients resulted in labial alveolar bone thickness and labial and palatal alveolar bone height changes that were similar to the untreated group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/070717-449.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T11:42:53Z","timestamp":1509363773000},"page":"58-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Alveolar bone response to light-force tipping and bodily movement in maxillary incisor advancement: A prospective randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Priyakorn","family":"Chaimongkol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Candidate, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udom","family":"Thongudomporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DDS, MDSc, PhD, Assistant Professor, Orthodontic Section, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Lindauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norborne Muir Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Va."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"691","article-title":"Treatment effects of simple fixed appliance and reverse headgear in correction of anterior crossbites","volume":"117","author":"Gu \n              Y.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gu \n              Y.\n            \n            \n              Rabie \n              AB.\n            \n            \n              Hagg \n              U.\n            \n          \n          Treatment effects of simple fixed appliance and reverse headgear in correction of anterior crossbites. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:691\u2013699."},{"issue":"4, special issue","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b02","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"183","article-title":"Management of pseudo Class III malocclusion in southern Chinese children","volume":"186","author":"Rabie \n              AB.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rabie \n              AB.\n            \n            \n              Gu \n              Y.\n            \n          \n          Management of pseudo Class III malocclusion in southern Chinese children. Br Dent J. 1999;186(4, special issue):183\u2013187."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"549","article-title":"Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion","volume":"85","author":"Thongudomporn \n              U.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thongudomporn \n              U.\n            \n            \n              Charoemratrote \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Jearapongpakorn \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion. Angle Orthod. 2015;85:549\u2013554."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"86","article-title":"Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review","volume":"73","author":"Ren \n              Y.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ren \n              Y.\n            \n            \n              Maltha \n              JC.\n            \n            \n              Kuijpers\u2013Jagtman \n              AM.\n            \n          \n          Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Angle Orthod. 2003;73:86\u201392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b05","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"660","article-title":"Tissue changes resulting from facial tipping and extrusion of incisors in monkeys","volume":"45","author":"Batenhorst \n              KF.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Batenhorst \n              KF.\n            \n            \n              Bowers \n              GM.\n            \n            \n              Williams \n              JE\n              Jr. \n            \n          \n          Tissue changes resulting from facial tipping and extrusion of incisors in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1974;45:660\u2013668."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"511","article-title":"Mucogingival problems and the movement of mandibular incisors: a clinical review","volume":"78","author":"Geiger \n              AM.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Geiger \n              AM.\n            \n          \n          Mucogingival problems and the movement of mandibular incisors: a clinical review. Am J Orthod. 1980;78:511\u2013527."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n              C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Hotokezaka \n              H.\n            \n            \n              Yoshimatsu \n              M.\n            \n            et al. \n          Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"issue":"150","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Rate of tooth movement under heavy and light continuous orthodontic forces","volume":"136","author":"Yee \n              JA.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yee \n              JA.\n            \n            \n              Turk \n              T.\n            \n            \n              Elekdag\u2013Turk \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Cheng \n              LL.\n            \n            \n              Darendeliler \n              MA.\n            \n          \n          Rate of tooth movement under heavy and light continuous orthodontic forces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:150e1\u2013e9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"127","article-title":"Analysis of moment\/force ratios in the mechanics of tooth movement","volume":"90","author":"Kusy \n              RP.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kusy \n              RP.\n            \n            \n              Tulloch \n              JF.\n            \n          \n          Analysis of moment\/force ratios in the mechanics of tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:127\u2013131."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"278","article-title":"Faciolingual tooth movement: its influence on the root and cortical plate","volume":"64","author":"Wainwright \n              WM.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Wainwright \n              WM.\n            \n          \n          Faciolingual tooth movement: its influence on the root and cortical plate. Am J Orthod. 1973;64:278\u2013302."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"520","article-title":"Cortical bone remodeling\/tooth movement ratio during maxillary incisor retraction with tip versus torque movements","volume":"114","author":"Vardimon \n              AD.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vardimon \n              AD.\n            \n            \n              Oren \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Ben\u2013Bassat \n              Y.\n            \n          \n          Cortical bone remodeling\/tooth movement ratio during maxillary incisor retraction with tip versus torque movements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114:520\u2013529."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"394","article-title":"Factors related to alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction","volume":"83","author":"Yodthong \n              N.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yodthong \n              N.\n            \n            \n              Charoemratrote \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Leethanakul \n              C.\n            \n          \n          Factors related to alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:394\u2013401."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b13","series-title":"Behav Res Methods","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul \n              F.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul \n              F.\n            \n            \n              Erdfelder \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Buchner \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Lang \n              AG.\n            \n          \n          Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009;41:1149\u20131160."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"611","article-title":"Skeletal ossification and the adolescent growth spurt","volume":"69","author":"Grave \n              KC.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Grave \n              KC.\n            \n            \n              Brown \n              T.\n            \n          \n          Skeletal ossification and the adolescent growth spurt. Am J Orthod. 1976;69:611\u2013619."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b15","series-title":"Statistical Methods in Biology: Design and Analysis of Experiments and Regression","first-page":"48","author":"Welham \n              SJ.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Welham \n              SJ.\n            \n            \n              Gezan \n              SA.\n            \n            \n              Clark \n              SJ.\n            \n            \n              Mead \n              A.\n            \n          \n          Statistical Methods in Biology: Design and Analysis of Experiments and Regression. Abingdon, UK: Taylor & Francis;2014: 48."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"104","article-title":"The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment. A cephalometric investigation","volume":"82","author":"Pancherz \n              H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pancherz \n              H.\n            \n          \n          The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment. A cephalometric investigation. Am J Orthod. 1982;82:104\u2013113."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"15","article-title":"Changes in alveolar bone thickness due to retraction of anterior teeth","volume":"122","author":"Sarikaya \n              S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sarikaya \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Haydar \n              B.\n            \n            \n              Ciger \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Ariyurek \n              M.\n            \n          \n          Changes in alveolar bone thickness due to retraction of anterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;122:15\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b18","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"389","article-title":"Digital method for quantification of circumferential periodontal bone level using cone beam CT","volume":"17","author":"Fleiner \n              J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fleiner \n              J.\n            \n            \n              Hannig \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Schulze \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Stricker \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Jacobs \n              R.\n            \n          \n          Digital method for quantification of circumferential periodontal bone level using cone beam CT. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17:389\u2013396."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b19","series-title":"Br Med J","first-page":"358","article-title":"Statistical methods for medical and biological students","volume":"2","author":"Dahlberg \n              G.","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg \n              G.\n            \n          \n          Statistical methods for medical and biological students. Br Med J. 1940;2:358\u2013359."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b20","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"238","article-title":"The force requirements for tooth movement. Part I: Tipping and bodily movement","volume":"13","author":"Lee \n              BW.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lee \n              BW.\n            \n          \n          The force requirements for tooth movement. Part I: Tipping and bodily movement. Aust Orthod J. 1995;13:238\u2013248."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"446","article-title":"Growth and remodeling of the human maxilla","volume":"51","author":"Enlow \n              DH.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Enlow \n              DH.\n            \n            \n              Bang \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Growth and remodeling of the human maxilla. Am J Orthod. 1965;51:446\u2013464."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b22","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"314","article-title":"Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys","volume":"52","author":"Steiner \n              GG.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Steiner \n              GG.\n            \n            \n              Pearson \n              JK.\n            \n            \n              Ainamo \n              J.\n            \n          \n          Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1981;52:314\u2013320."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b23","series-title":"Cases J","first-page":"116","article-title":"Orthodontic tooth movement enhancing bony apposition in alveolar bony defect: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Hibino \n              K.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hibino \n              K.\n            \n            \n              Wong \n              RW.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic tooth movement enhancing bony apposition in alveolar bony defect: a case report. Cases J. 2009;2:116"},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"691","article-title":"Treatment effects of simple fixed appliance and reverse headgear in correction of anterior crossbites","volume":"117","author":"Gu \n              Y.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gu \n              Y.\n            \n            \n              Rabie \n              AB.\n            \n            \n              Hagg \n              U.\n            \n          \n          Treatment effects of simple fixed appliance and reverse headgear in correction of anterior crossbites. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2000;117:691\u2013699."},{"issue":"4, special issue","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b02","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"183","article-title":"Management of pseudo Class III malocclusion in southern Chinese children","volume":"186","author":"Rabie \n              AB.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rabie \n              AB.\n            \n            \n              Gu \n              Y.\n            \n          \n          Management of pseudo Class III malocclusion in southern Chinese children. Br Dent J. 1999;186(4, special issue):183\u2013187."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"549","article-title":"Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion","volume":"85","author":"Thongudomporn \n              U.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Thongudomporn \n              U.\n            \n            \n              Charoemratrote \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Jearapongpakorn \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Changes of anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness following incisor proclination and extrusion. Angle Orthod. 2015;85:549\u2013554."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b04","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"86","article-title":"Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review","volume":"73","author":"Ren \n              Y.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ren \n              Y.\n            \n            \n              Maltha \n              JC.\n            \n            \n              Kuijpers\u2013Jagtman \n              AM.\n            \n          \n          Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Angle Orthod. 2003;73:86\u201392."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b05","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"660","article-title":"Tissue changes resulting from facial tipping and extrusion of incisors in monkeys","volume":"45","author":"Batenhorst \n              KF.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Batenhorst \n              KF.\n            \n            \n              Bowers \n              GM.\n            \n            \n              Williams \n              JE\n              Jr. \n            \n          \n          Tissue changes resulting from facial tipping and extrusion of incisors in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1974;45:660\u2013668."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"511","article-title":"Mucogingival problems and the movement of mandibular incisors: a clinical review","volume":"78","author":"Geiger \n              AM.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Geiger \n              AM.\n            \n          \n          Mucogingival problems and the movement of mandibular incisors: a clinical review. Am J Orthod. 1980;78:511\u2013527."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n              C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Hotokezaka \n              H.\n            \n            \n              Yoshimatsu \n              M.\n            \n            et al. \n          Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"issue":"150","key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Rate of tooth movement under heavy and light continuous orthodontic forces","volume":"136","author":"Yee \n              JA.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yee \n              JA.\n            \n            \n              Turk \n              T.\n            \n            \n              Elekdag\u2013Turk \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Cheng \n              LL.\n            \n            \n              Darendeliler \n              MA.\n            \n          \n          Rate of tooth movement under heavy and light continuous orthodontic forces. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;136:150e1\u2013e9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"127","article-title":"Analysis of moment\/force ratios in the mechanics of tooth movement","volume":"90","author":"Kusy \n              RP.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kusy \n              RP.\n            \n            \n              Tulloch \n              JF.\n            \n          \n          Analysis of moment\/force ratios in the mechanics of tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:127\u2013131."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"278","article-title":"Faciolingual tooth movement: its influence on the root and cortical plate","volume":"64","author":"Wainwright \n              WM.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Wainwright \n              WM.\n            \n          \n          Faciolingual tooth movement: its influence on the root and cortical plate. Am J Orthod. 1973;64:278\u2013302."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"520","article-title":"Cortical bone remodeling\/tooth movement ratio during maxillary incisor retraction with tip versus torque movements","volume":"114","author":"Vardimon \n              AD.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vardimon \n              AD.\n            \n            \n              Oren \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Ben\u2013Bassat \n              Y.\n            \n          \n          Cortical bone remodeling\/tooth movement ratio during maxillary incisor retraction with tip versus torque movements. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114:520\u2013529."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"394","article-title":"Factors related to alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction","volume":"83","author":"Yodthong \n              N.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yodthong \n              N.\n            \n            \n              Charoemratrote \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Leethanakul \n              C.\n            \n          \n          Factors related to alveolar bone thickness during upper incisor retraction. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:394\u2013401."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b13","series-title":"Behav Res Methods","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","author":"Faul \n              F.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul \n              F.\n            \n            \n              Erdfelder \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Buchner \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Lang \n              AG.\n            \n          \n          Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009;41:1149\u20131160."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"611","article-title":"Skeletal ossification and the adolescent growth spurt","volume":"69","author":"Grave \n              KC.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Grave \n              KC.\n            \n            \n              Brown \n              T.\n            \n          \n          Skeletal ossification and the adolescent growth spurt. Am J Orthod. 1976;69:611\u2013619."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b15","series-title":"Statistical Methods in Biology: Design and Analysis of Experiments and Regression","first-page":"48","author":"Welham \n              SJ.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Welham \n              SJ.\n            \n            \n              Gezan \n              SA.\n            \n            \n              Clark \n              SJ.\n            \n            \n              Mead \n              A.\n            \n          \n          Statistical Methods in Biology: Design and Analysis of Experiments and Regression. Abingdon, UK: Taylor & Francis;2014: 48."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"104","article-title":"The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment. A cephalometric investigation","volume":"82","author":"Pancherz \n              H.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pancherz \n              H.\n            \n          \n          The mechanism of Class II correction in Herbst appliance treatment. A cephalometric investigation. Am J Orthod. 1982;82:104\u2013113."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"15","article-title":"Changes in alveolar bone thickness due to retraction of anterior teeth","volume":"122","author":"Sarikaya \n              S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sarikaya \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Haydar \n              B.\n            \n            \n              Ciger \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Ariyurek \n              M.\n            \n          \n          Changes in alveolar bone thickness due to retraction of anterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;122:15\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b18","series-title":"Clin Oral Investig","first-page":"389","article-title":"Digital method for quantification of circumferential periodontal bone level using cone beam CT","volume":"17","author":"Fleiner \n              J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fleiner \n              J.\n            \n            \n              Hannig \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Schulze \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Stricker \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Jacobs \n              R.\n            \n          \n          Digital method for quantification of circumferential periodontal bone level using cone beam CT. Clin Oral Investig. 2013;17:389\u2013396."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b19","series-title":"Br Med J","first-page":"358","article-title":"Statistical methods for medical and biological students","volume":"2","author":"Dahlberg \n              G.","year":"1940","unstructured":"Dahlberg \n              G.\n            \n          \n          Statistical methods for medical and biological students. Br Med J. 1940;2:358\u2013359."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b20","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"238","article-title":"The force requirements for tooth movement. Part I: Tipping and bodily movement","volume":"13","author":"Lee \n              BW.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lee \n              BW.\n            \n          \n          The force requirements for tooth movement. Part I: Tipping and bodily movement. Aust Orthod J. 1995;13:238\u2013248."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"446","article-title":"Growth and remodeling of the human maxilla","volume":"51","author":"Enlow \n              DH.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Enlow \n              DH.\n            \n            \n              Bang \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Growth and remodeling of the human maxilla. Am J Orthod. 1965;51:446\u2013464."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b22","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"314","article-title":"Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys","volume":"52","author":"Steiner \n              GG.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Steiner \n              GG.\n            \n            \n              Pearson \n              JK.\n            \n            \n              Ainamo \n              J.\n            \n          \n          Changes of the marginal periodontium as a result of labial tooth movement in monkeys. J Periodontol. 1981;52:314\u2013320."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-1-58-b23","series-title":"Cases J","first-page":"116","article-title":"Orthodontic tooth movement enhancing bony apposition in alveolar bony defect: a case report","volume":"2","author":"Hibino \n              K.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hibino \n              K.\n            \n            \n              Wong \n              RW.\n            \n          \n          Orthodontic tooth movement enhancing bony apposition in alveolar bony defect: a case report. 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