{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:21:54Z","timestamp":1790115714029,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To clarify the mechanism of root resorption during orthodontic treatment, we examined cementocyte cell death and root resorption in the cellular cementum on the pressure side during experimental tooth movement.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Using 8-week-old male Wistar rats, the right first molar was pushed mesiobuccally with a force of 40 g by a Ni-Ti alloy wire while the contralateral first molar was used as a control. Localization and number of cleaved caspase-3-positive and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) - positive cells were evaluated using dual-label immunohistochemistry with anticleaved caspase-3 and anti-ssDNA antibodies. In addition, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells in the cellular cementum were evaluated using TRAP histochemical staining.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Caspase-3- and ssDNA-positive cells appeared at 12 hours, but were restricted to the compressed periodontal ligament (PDL) and not the cellular cementum. Cleaved caspase-3-positive cementocytes were observed in the cellular cementum adjacent to the compressed PDL on day 1. From days 2 to 4, the number of caspase-3- and ssDNA-positive cementocytes increased. TRAP-positive cells appeared on the cellular cementum at the periphery of the hyalinized tissue on day 7, and resorption progressed into the broad surface of the cementum by day 14.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Cementocytes adjacent to the hyalinized tissue underwent apoptotic cell death during orthodontic tooth movement, which might have been associated with subsequent root resorption.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/071116-541.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T09:53:03Z","timestamp":1480585983000},"page":"416-422","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Cementocyte cell death occurs in rat cellular cementum during orthodontic tooth movement"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Humihiro","family":"Matsuzawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Toriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuya","family":"Nakao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Associate, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moe","family":"Konno-Nagasaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Associate, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Okayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Itaru","family":"Mizoguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chair, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"68","article-title":"Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption","volume":"41","author":"Reitan \n K.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Reitan \n K. \n \n \n Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption. Angle Orthod. 1974;41:68\u201382."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"196","article-title":"Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography","volume":"83","author":"Castro \n IO,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Castro \n IO, \n \n \n Alencar \n AH, \n \n \n Valladares-Neto \n J, \n \n \n Estrela \n C. \n \n \n Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:196\u2013203."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b03","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"71","article-title":"Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Segal \n GR,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Segal \n GR, \n \n \n Schiffman \n PH, \n \n \n Tuncay \n OC. \n \n \n Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2004;7:71\u201378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"727","article-title":"Repair of root resorption 4 and 8 weeks after application of continuous light and heavy forces on premolars for 4 weeks: a histology study","volume":"138","author":"Cheng \n LL,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cheng \n LL, \n \n \n T\u00fcrk \n T, \n \n \n Elekda\u011f-T\u00fcrk \n S, \n \n \n Jones \n AS, \n \n \n Yu \n Y, \n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA. \n \n \n Repair of root resorption 4 and 8 weeks after application of continuous light and heavy forces on premolars for 4 weeks: a histology study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:727\u2013734."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"430","article-title":"Compression of human primary cementoblasts leads to apoptosis: A possible cause of dental root resorption?","volume":"75","author":"Diercke \n K,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Diercke \n K, \n \n \n Kohl \n A, \n \n \n Lux \n CJ, \n \n \n Erber \n R. \n \n \n Compression of human primary cementoblasts leads to apoptosis: A possible cause of dental root resorption?\n J Orofac Orthop. 2014;75:430\u2013445."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"180","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part II: The clinical aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak \n N,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brezniak \n N, \n \n \n Wasserstein \n A. \n \n \n Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part II: The clinical aspects. Angle Orthod. 2002;72:180\u2013184."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b07","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"249","article-title":"Root resorption beneath the main hyalinized zone","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik \n P,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brudvik \n P, \n \n \n Rygh \n P. \n \n \n Root resorption beneath the main hyalinized zone. Eur J Orthod. 1994;16:249\u2013263."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b08","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"905","article-title":"Fluid shear stress inhibits TNFalpha-induced osteocyte apoptosis","volume":"85","author":"Tan \n SD,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tan \n SD, \n \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman \n AM, \n \n \n Semeins \n CM, \n \n et al. \n Fluid shear stress inhibits TNFalpha-induced osteocyte apoptosis. J Dent Res. 2006;85:905\u2013909."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b09","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"345","article-title":"CTGF and apoptosis in mouse osteocytes induced by tooth movement","volume":"88","author":"Sakai \n Y,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sakai \n Y, \n \n \n Balam \n TA, \n \n \n Kuroda \n S, \n \n et al. \n CTGF and apoptosis in mouse osteocytes induced by tooth movement. J Dent Res. 2009;88:345\u2013350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b10","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"340","article-title":"The role of osteocytes in bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"92","author":"Matsumoto \n T,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsumoto \n T, \n \n \n Iimura \n T, \n \n \n Ogura, \n K, \n \n \n Moriyama \n K, \n \n \n Yamaguchi \n A. \n \n \n The role of osteocytes in bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Res. 2013;92:340\u2013345."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b11","series-title":"Calcif Tissue Int","first-page":"117","article-title":"Cell death of osteocytes occurs in rat alveolar bone during experimental tooth movement","volume":"70","author":"Hamaya \n M,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hamaya \n M, \n \n \n Mizoguchi \n I, \n \n \n Sakakura \n Y, \n \n \n Yajima \n T, \n \n \n Abiko \n Y. \n \n \n Cell death of osteocytes occurs in rat alveolar bone during experimental tooth movement. Calcif Tissue Int. 2002;70:117\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1086","article-title":"Osteocyte death during orthodontic tooth movement in mice","volume":"84","author":"Moin \n S,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moin \n S, \n \n \n Kalajzic \n Z, \n \n \n Utreja \n A, \n \n et al. \n Osteocyte death during orthodontic tooth movement in mice. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:1086\u20131092."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b13","series-title":"Anat Embryol","first-page":"491","article-title":"Confocal microscopy of cementocytes and their lacunae and canaliculi in rat molars","volume":"195","author":"Kagayama \n M,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kagayama \n M, \n \n \n Sasano \n Y, \n \n \n Mizoguchi \n I, \n \n \n Takahashi \n I. \n \n \n Confocal microscopy of cementocytes and their lacunae and canaliculi in rat molars. Anat Embryol. 1997;195:491\u2013496."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b14","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"363","article-title":"Differences in the transport systems between cementocytes and osteocytes in rats using microperoxidase as a tracer","volume":"37","author":"Ayasaka \n N,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ayasaka \n N, \n \n \n Kondo \n T, \n \n \n Goto \n T, \n \n \n Kido \n MA, \n \n \n Nagata \n E, \n \n \n Tanaka \n T. \n \n \n Differences in the transport systems between cementocytes and osteocytes in rats using microperoxidase as a tracer. Arch Oral Biol. 1992;37:363\u2013369."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b15","series-title":"Histochem J","first-page":"91","article-title":"Distinctive expression of extracellular matrix molecules at mRNA and protein levels during formation of cellular and acellular cementum in the rat","volume":"33","author":"Sasano \n Y,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sasano \n Y, \n \n \n Maruya \n Y, \n \n \n Sato \n H, \n \n et al. \n Distinctive expression of extracellular matrix molecules at mRNA and protein levels during formation of cellular and acellular cementum in the rat. Histochem J. 2001;33:91\u201399."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b16","series-title":"Histochem Cell Biol","first-page":"33","article-title":"Morphological and cytochemical determination of cell death by apoptosis","volume":"129","author":"Taatjes \n DJ,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taatjes \n DJ, \n \n \n Sobel \n BE, \n \n \n Budd \n RC. \n \n \n Morphological and cytochemical determination of cell death by apoptosis. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008;129:33\u201343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b17","series-title":"J Periodontal Res","first-page":"118","article-title":"Cell proliferation and cell death in periodontal ligaments during orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"37","author":"Mabuchi \n R,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mabuchi \n R, \n \n \n Matsuzaka \n K, \n \n \n Shimono \n M. \n \n \n Cell proliferation and cell death in periodontal ligaments during orthodontic tooth movement. J Periodontal Res. 2002;37:118\u2013124."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b18","series-title":"Cell Death Differ","first-page":"3","article-title":"Classification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death","volume":"16","author":"Kroemer \n G,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kroemer \n G, \n \n \n Galluzzi \n L, \n \n \n Vandenabeele \n P, \n \n et al. \n Classification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death. Cell Death Differ. 2009;16:3\u201311."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b19","series-title":"Anat Embryol","first-page":"1","article-title":"The apoptosis cascade\u2013morphological and immunohistochemical methods for its visualization","volume":"200","author":"Huppertz \n B,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Huppertz \n B, \n \n \n Frank \n HG, \n \n \n Kaufmann \n P. \n \n \n The apoptosis cascade\u2013morphological and immunohistochemical methods for its visualization. Anat Embryol. 1999;200:1\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b20","series-title":"J Neurosci","first-page":"6235","article-title":"Caspase-dependent and -independent death of camptothecin-treated embryonic cortical neurons","volume":"19","author":"Stefanis \n L,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stefanis \n L, \n \n \n Park \n DS, \n \n \n Friedman \n WJ, \n \n \n Greene \n LA. \n \n \n Caspase-dependent and -independent death of camptothecin-treated embryonic cortical neurons. J Neurosci. 1999;19:6235\u20136247."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b21","series-title":"J Bone Miner Res","first-page":"1281","article-title":"DNA fragmentation during bone formation in neonatal rodents assessed by transferase-mediated end labeling","volume":"11","author":"Bronckers \n ALJJ,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bronckers \n ALJJ, \n \n \n Goei \n W, \n \n \n Luo \n G, \n \n et al. \n DNA fragmentation during bone formation in neonatal rodents assessed by transferase-mediated end labeling. J Bone Miner Res. 1996;11:1281\u20131291."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b22","series-title":"Cell Tissue Res","first-page":"191","article-title":"Functions of the osteocyte network in the regulation of bone mass","volume":"352","author":"Komori \n T.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Komori \n T. \n \n \n Functions of the osteocyte network in the regulation of bone mass. Cell Tissue Res. 2013;352:191\u2013198."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b23","series-title":"J Bone Mineral Res","first-page":"430","article-title":"Isolation and functional analysis of an immortalized murine cementocyte cell line, IDG-CM6","volume":"31","author":"Zhao \n N,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhao \n N, \n \n \n Nociti \n FH\n Jr, \n \n \n Duan \n P, \n \n et al. \n Isolation and functional analysis of an immortalized murine cementocyte cell line, IDG-CM6. J Bone Mineral Res. 2016;31:430\u2013442."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"68","article-title":"Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption","volume":"41","author":"Reitan \n K.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Reitan \n K. \n \n \n Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption. Angle Orthod. 1974;41:68\u201382."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"196","article-title":"Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography","volume":"83","author":"Castro \n IO,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Castro \n IO, \n \n \n Alencar \n AH, \n \n \n Valladares-Neto \n J, \n \n \n Estrela \n C. \n \n \n Apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment detected by cone beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:196\u2013203."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b03","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"71","article-title":"Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Segal \n GR,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Segal \n GR, \n \n \n Schiffman \n PH, \n \n \n Tuncay \n OC. \n \n \n Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2004;7:71\u201378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"727","article-title":"Repair of root resorption 4 and 8 weeks after application of continuous light and heavy forces on premolars for 4 weeks: a histology study","volume":"138","author":"Cheng \n LL,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cheng \n LL, \n \n \n T\u00fcrk \n T, \n \n \n Elekda\u011f-T\u00fcrk \n S, \n \n \n Jones \n AS, \n \n \n Yu \n Y, \n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA. \n \n \n Repair of root resorption 4 and 8 weeks after application of continuous light and heavy forces on premolars for 4 weeks: a histology study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:727\u2013734."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b05","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"430","article-title":"Compression of human primary cementoblasts leads to apoptosis: A possible cause of dental root resorption?","volume":"75","author":"Diercke \n K,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Diercke \n K, \n \n \n Kohl \n A, \n \n \n Lux \n CJ, \n \n \n Erber \n R. \n \n \n Compression of human primary cementoblasts leads to apoptosis: A possible cause of dental root resorption?\n J Orofac Orthop. 2014;75:430\u2013445."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"180","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part II: The clinical aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak \n N,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brezniak \n N, \n \n \n Wasserstein \n A. \n \n \n Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part II: The clinical aspects. Angle Orthod. 2002;72:180\u2013184."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b07","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"249","article-title":"Root resorption beneath the main hyalinized zone","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik \n P,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brudvik \n P, \n \n \n Rygh \n P. \n \n \n Root resorption beneath the main hyalinized zone. Eur J Orthod. 1994;16:249\u2013263."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b08","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"905","article-title":"Fluid shear stress inhibits TNFalpha-induced osteocyte apoptosis","volume":"85","author":"Tan \n SD,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tan \n SD, \n \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman \n AM, \n \n \n Semeins \n CM, \n \n et al. \n Fluid shear stress inhibits TNFalpha-induced osteocyte apoptosis. J Dent Res. 2006;85:905\u2013909."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b09","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"345","article-title":"CTGF and apoptosis in mouse osteocytes induced by tooth movement","volume":"88","author":"Sakai \n Y,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sakai \n Y, \n \n \n Balam \n TA, \n \n \n Kuroda \n S, \n \n et al. \n CTGF and apoptosis in mouse osteocytes induced by tooth movement. J Dent Res. 2009;88:345\u2013350."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b10","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"340","article-title":"The role of osteocytes in bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"92","author":"Matsumoto \n T,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsumoto \n T, \n \n \n Iimura \n T, \n \n \n Ogura, \n K, \n \n \n Moriyama \n K, \n \n \n Yamaguchi \n A. \n \n \n The role of osteocytes in bone resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. J Dent Res. 2013;92:340\u2013345."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b11","series-title":"Calcif Tissue Int","first-page":"117","article-title":"Cell death of osteocytes occurs in rat alveolar bone during experimental tooth movement","volume":"70","author":"Hamaya \n M,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hamaya \n M, \n \n \n Mizoguchi \n I, \n \n \n Sakakura \n Y, \n \n \n Yajima \n T, \n \n \n Abiko \n Y. \n \n \n Cell death of osteocytes occurs in rat alveolar bone during experimental tooth movement. Calcif Tissue Int. 2002;70:117\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1086","article-title":"Osteocyte death during orthodontic tooth movement in mice","volume":"84","author":"Moin \n S,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moin \n S, \n \n \n Kalajzic \n Z, \n \n \n Utreja \n A, \n \n et al. \n Osteocyte death during orthodontic tooth movement in mice. Angle Orthod. 2014;84:1086\u20131092."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b13","series-title":"Anat Embryol","first-page":"491","article-title":"Confocal microscopy of cementocytes and their lacunae and canaliculi in rat molars","volume":"195","author":"Kagayama \n M,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kagayama \n M, \n \n \n Sasano \n Y, \n \n \n Mizoguchi \n I, \n \n \n Takahashi \n I. \n \n \n Confocal microscopy of cementocytes and their lacunae and canaliculi in rat molars. Anat Embryol. 1997;195:491\u2013496."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b14","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"363","article-title":"Differences in the transport systems between cementocytes and osteocytes in rats using microperoxidase as a tracer","volume":"37","author":"Ayasaka \n N,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ayasaka \n N, \n \n \n Kondo \n T, \n \n \n Goto \n T, \n \n \n Kido \n MA, \n \n \n Nagata \n E, \n \n \n Tanaka \n T. \n \n \n Differences in the transport systems between cementocytes and osteocytes in rats using microperoxidase as a tracer. Arch Oral Biol. 1992;37:363\u2013369."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b15","series-title":"Histochem J","first-page":"91","article-title":"Distinctive expression of extracellular matrix molecules at mRNA and protein levels during formation of cellular and acellular cementum in the rat","volume":"33","author":"Sasano \n Y,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sasano \n Y, \n \n \n Maruya \n Y, \n \n \n Sato \n H, \n \n et al. \n Distinctive expression of extracellular matrix molecules at mRNA and protein levels during formation of cellular and acellular cementum in the rat. Histochem J. 2001;33:91\u201399."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b16","series-title":"Histochem Cell Biol","first-page":"33","article-title":"Morphological and cytochemical determination of cell death by apoptosis","volume":"129","author":"Taatjes \n DJ,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taatjes \n DJ, \n \n \n Sobel \n BE, \n \n \n Budd \n RC. \n \n \n Morphological and cytochemical determination of cell death by apoptosis. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008;129:33\u201343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b17","series-title":"J Periodontal Res","first-page":"118","article-title":"Cell proliferation and cell death in periodontal ligaments during orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"37","author":"Mabuchi \n R,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Mabuchi \n R, \n \n \n Matsuzaka \n K, \n \n \n Shimono \n M. \n \n \n Cell proliferation and cell death in periodontal ligaments during orthodontic tooth movement. J Periodontal Res. 2002;37:118\u2013124."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b18","series-title":"Cell Death Differ","first-page":"3","article-title":"Classification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death","volume":"16","author":"Kroemer \n G,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kroemer \n G, \n \n \n Galluzzi \n L, \n \n \n Vandenabeele \n P, \n \n et al. \n Classification of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death. Cell Death Differ. 2009;16:3\u201311."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b19","series-title":"Anat Embryol","first-page":"1","article-title":"The apoptosis cascade\u2013morphological and immunohistochemical methods for its visualization","volume":"200","author":"Huppertz \n B,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Huppertz \n B, \n \n \n Frank \n HG, \n \n \n Kaufmann \n P. \n \n \n The apoptosis cascade\u2013morphological and immunohistochemical methods for its visualization. Anat Embryol. 1999;200:1\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b20","series-title":"J Neurosci","first-page":"6235","article-title":"Caspase-dependent and -independent death of camptothecin-treated embryonic cortical neurons","volume":"19","author":"Stefanis \n L,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stefanis \n L, \n \n \n Park \n DS, \n \n \n Friedman \n WJ, \n \n \n Greene \n LA. \n \n \n Caspase-dependent and -independent death of camptothecin-treated embryonic cortical neurons. J Neurosci. 1999;19:6235\u20136247."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b21","series-title":"J Bone Miner Res","first-page":"1281","article-title":"DNA fragmentation during bone formation in neonatal rodents assessed by transferase-mediated end labeling","volume":"11","author":"Bronckers \n ALJJ,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bronckers \n ALJJ, \n \n \n Goei \n W, \n \n \n Luo \n G, \n \n et al. \n DNA fragmentation during bone formation in neonatal rodents assessed by transferase-mediated end labeling. J Bone Miner Res. 1996;11:1281\u20131291."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-3-416-b22","series-title":"Cell Tissue Res","first-page":"191","article-title":"Functions of the osteocyte network in the regulation of bone mass","volume":"352","author":"Komori \n T.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Komori \n T. \n \n \n Functions of the osteocyte network in the regulation of bone mass. 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