{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:52:38Z","timestamp":1791924758196,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate prevalence, distribution, and sexual dimorphism of dental anomalies (DA) among different skeletal malocclusions (SM) and growth patterns (GP) under the hypothesis that specific clinical patterns exist and may indicate common etiological roots.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1047 orthodontic records of patients older than 8 years were evaluated. The SN-GoGn angle was used to classify GP (hypodivergent, normal, and hyperdivergent), and the ANB angle was used to verify SM (Angle Classes I, II, and III). These assessments were done from lateral cephalometric radiographs. DA were diagnosed using panoramic radiographs by one calibrated investigator. Odds ratios, chi-square, and Student's\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -tests were used.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the subjects, 56.7% were female, with mean age of 16.41 (\u00b110.61) years. The prevalence of DA was 15.7%. Impaction and tooth agenesis were the most prevalent DA, with relative frequencies of 14.4% and 9.7%, respectively. DA were most prevalent in Class III SM (80.8%) and in hypodivergent GP (82.5%), although this was not statistically significant. Tooth agenesis (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01) and microdontia (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .025) were significantly more common among hypodivergent GP and Class III SM, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this study support the idea that DA are preferentially associated with certain patterns of malocclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/071917-482.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,7]],"date-time":"2017-12-07T10:32:54Z","timestamp":1512642774000},"page":"195-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Dental anomalies in different growth and skeletal malocclusion patterns"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Clarissa Christina Avelar","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD student, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christiane Vasconcellos Cruz Alves","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instructor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronir Raggio","family":"Luiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Institute for Studies in Public Health, IESC, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Rezende","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Penn."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"De Castro Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adjunct Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b01","series-title":"Clin Dysmorphol","first-page":"139","article-title":"Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome: another case and review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Ercal \n              D.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ercal \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Say \n              B.\n            \n          \n          Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome: another case and review of the literature. Clin Dysmorphol. 1998;7:139\u2013141."},{"issue":"suppl","key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b02","series-title":"Swed Dent J","first-page":"3","article-title":"Variability of the cranial and dental phenotype in Williams syndrome","author":"Axelsson \n              S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Axelsson \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Variability of the cranial and dental phenotype in Williams syndrome. Swed Dent J. 2005;(suppl):3\u201367."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b03","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"268","article-title":"Brachman de Lange syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Verma \n              L.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verma \n              L.\n            \n            \n              Passi \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Gauba \n              K.\n            \n          \n          Brachman de Lange syndrome. Contemp Clin Dent. 2010;1:268\u2013270."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b04","series-title":"Eur Arch Paedistr Dent","first-page":"151","article-title":"Sanjad-Sakati syndrome: dental findings and treatment","volume":"11","author":"Wasersprung \n              D.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wasersprung \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Platis \n              CM.\n            \n            \n              Cohen \n              S.\n            \n            et al. \n          Sanjad-Sakati syndrome: dental findings and treatment. Eur Arch Paedistr Dent. 2010;11:151\u2013154."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b05","series-title":"Prim Dent Care","first-page":"35","article-title":"Oral and dental manifestations in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: report of a rare case","volume":"19","author":"Gunashekhar \n              M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gunashekhar \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Hameed \n              MS.\n            \n            \n              Bokhari \n              SK.\n            \n          \n          Oral and dental manifestations in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: report of a rare case. Prim Dent Care. 2012;19:35\u201338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b06","series-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent","first-page":"393","article-title":"Craniofacial and dental characteristics of Kabuki syndrome: nine years cephalometric follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Tuna \n              EB.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tuna \n              EB.\n            \n            \n              Mar\u015fan \n              G.\n            \n            \n              Gen\u00e7ay \n              K.\n            \n            \n              Seymen \n              F.\n            \n          \n          Craniofacial and dental characteristics of Kabuki syndrome: nine years cephalometric follow-up. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2012;36:393\u2013400."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b07","series-title":"Case Rep Dent","first-page":"845405","article-title":"Multiple dental and skeletal abnormalities in an individual with Filippi syndrome","volume":"2013","author":"Sandhu \n              M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sandhu \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Malik \n              P.\n            \n            \n              Saha \n              R.\n            \n          \n          Multiple dental and skeletal abnormalities in an individual with Filippi syndrome. Case Rep Dent. 2013;2013:845405."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"22","article-title":"Dental anomalies and clinical features in patients with maxillary canine impaction","volume":"83","author":"Mercuri \n              E.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mercuri \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Cassetta \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Cavallini \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Vicari \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Leonardi \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Barbato \n              E.\n            \n          \n          Dental anomalies and clinical features in patients with maxillary canine impaction. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:22\u201328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b09","series-title":"Int Orthod","first-page":"69","article-title":"Haji Ghadimi M, Rakhshan V. Associations between occlusion, jaw relationships, craniofacial dimensions and the occurrence of palatally-displaced canines","volume":"15","author":"Amini \n              F.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amini \n              F.\n            \n            \n              Hamedi \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Haji Ghadimi M, Rakhshan V. Associations between occlusion, jaw relationships, craniofacial dimensions and the occurrence of palatally-displaced canines. Int Orthod. 2017;15:69\u201381."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"799","article-title":"Association between third molar agenesis and craniofacial structure development","volume":"148","author":"Ramiro-Verdugo \n              J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramiro-Verdugo \n              J.\n            \n            \n              De Vicente-Corominas \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Montiel-Company \n              JM.\n            \n            \n              Gand\u00eda-Franco \n              JL.\n            \n            \n              Bellot-Arc\u00eds \n              C.\n            \n          \n          Association between third molar agenesis and craniofacial structure development. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;148:799\u2013804."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"725","article-title":"Dentoskeletal features associated with unilateral or bilateral palatal displacement of maxillary canines","volume":"74","author":"Sacerdoti \n              R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sacerdoti \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Baccetti \n              T.\n            \n          \n          Dentoskeletal features associated with unilateral or bilateral palatal displacement of maxillary canines. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:725\u2013732."},{"issue":"5","key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b12","series-title":"J Int Oral Health","first-page":"10","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies among school going children in India","volume":"5","author":"Kathariya \n              MD.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kathariya \n              MD.\n            \n            \n              Nikam \n              AP.\n            \n            \n              Chopra \n              K.\n            \n            \n              Patil \n              NN.\n            \n            \n              Raheja \n              H.\n            \n            \n              Kathariya \n              R.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence of dental anomalies among school going children in India. J Int Oral Health. 2013;5(5):10\u201314."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b13","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"145","article-title":"Congenital tooth anomalies and malocclusions: a genetic link?","volume":"23","author":"Basdra \n              EK.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Basdra \n              EK.\n            \n            \n              Kiopasoglou \n              MN.\n            \n            \n              Komposch, \n              G.\n            \n          \n          Congenital tooth anomalies and malocclusions: a genetic link?\n          Eur J Orthod. 2001;23:145\u2013151."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b14","series-title":"ISRN Dentistry","article-title":"Investigation of hypodontia as clinically relates dental anomaly: prevalence and characteristics","author":"Kim \n              YH.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim \n              YH.\n            \n          \n          Investigation of hypodontia as clinically relates dental anomaly: prevalence and characteristics. ISRN Dentistry. 2011;Article ID 246135."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"328","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies in various malocclusions","volume":"135","author":"Uslu \n              O.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Uslu \n              O.\n            \n            \n              Akcam \n              MO.\n            \n            \n              Evirgen \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Cebeci \n              I.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence of dental anomalies in various malocclusions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:328\u2013335."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"529","article-title":"The Class II division 2 craniofacial type is associated with numerous congenital tooth anomalies","volume":"22","author":"Basdra \n              EK.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Basdra \n              EK.\n            \n            \n              Kiokpasoglou \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Stelizig \n              A.\n            \n          \n          The Class II division 2 craniofacial type is associated with numerous congenital tooth anomalies. Eur J Orthod. 2000;22:529\u2013535."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b17","series-title":"Rev Salud P\u00fablica","first-page":"961","article-title":"Agenesia en dentici\u00f3n permanente","volume":"11","author":"D\u00edaz-P\u00e9rez \n              R.","year":"2009","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-P\u00e9rez \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Echaverry-Navarrete \n              RA.\n            \n          \n          Agenesia en dentici\u00f3n permanente. Rev Salud P\u00fablica. 2009;11:961\u2013969."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"510","article-title":"Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients","volume":"131","author":"Altug-Atac \n              AT.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Altug-Atac \n              AT.\n            \n            \n              Erdem \n              D.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence and distribution of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2007;131:510\u2013514."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b19","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"941","article-title":"Studies of dental anomalies in a large group of school children","volume":"53","author":"K\u00fcchler \n              EC.","year":"2008","unstructured":"K\u00fcchler \n              EC.\n            \n            \n              Risso \n              PA.\n            \n            \n              Costa \n              MC.\n            \n            \n              Modesto \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Vieira \n              AR.\n            \n          \n          Studies of dental anomalies in a large group of school children. Arch Oral Biol. 2008;53:941\u2013946."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b20","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"986","article-title":"Defining subphenotypes for oral clefts based on dental development","volume":"86","author":"Letra \n              A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Letra \n              A.\n            \n            \n              Menezes \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Granjeiro \n              JM.\n            \n            \n              Vieira \n              AR.\n            \n          \n          Defining subphenotypes for oral clefts based on dental development. J Dent Res. 2007;86:986\u2013991."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"729","article-title":"Cephalometrics for you and me","volume":"39","author":"Steiner \n              CC.","year":"1953","unstructured":"Steiner \n              CC.\n            \n          \n          Cephalometrics for you and me. 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Elsevier, Rio de Janeiro; 2012."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b01","series-title":"Clin Dysmorphol","first-page":"139","article-title":"Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome: another case and review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Ercal \n              D.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ercal \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Say \n              B.\n            \n          \n          Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome: another case and review of the literature. Clin Dysmorphol. 1998;7:139\u2013141."},{"issue":"suppl","key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b02","series-title":"Swed Dent J","first-page":"3","article-title":"Variability of the cranial and dental phenotype in Williams syndrome","author":"Axelsson \n              S.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Axelsson \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Variability of the cranial and dental phenotype in Williams syndrome. Swed Dent J. 2005;(suppl):3\u201367."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b03","series-title":"Contemp Clin Dent","first-page":"268","article-title":"Brachman de Lange syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Verma \n              L.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verma \n              L.\n            \n            \n              Passi \n              S.\n            \n            \n              Gauba \n              K.\n            \n          \n          Brachman de Lange syndrome. Contemp Clin Dent. 2010;1:268\u2013270."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b04","series-title":"Eur Arch Paedistr Dent","first-page":"151","article-title":"Sanjad-Sakati syndrome: dental findings and treatment","volume":"11","author":"Wasersprung \n              D.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wasersprung \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Platis \n              CM.\n            \n            \n              Cohen \n              S.\n            \n            et al. \n          Sanjad-Sakati syndrome: dental findings and treatment. Eur Arch Paedistr Dent. 2010;11:151\u2013154."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b05","series-title":"Prim Dent Care","first-page":"35","article-title":"Oral and dental manifestations in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: report of a rare case","volume":"19","author":"Gunashekhar \n              M.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gunashekhar \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Hameed \n              MS.\n            \n            \n              Bokhari \n              SK.\n            \n          \n          Oral and dental manifestations in Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome: report of a rare case. Prim Dent Care. 2012;19:35\u201338."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b06","series-title":"J Clin Pediatr Dent","first-page":"393","article-title":"Craniofacial and dental characteristics of Kabuki syndrome: nine years cephalometric follow-up","volume":"36","author":"Tuna \n              EB.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tuna \n              EB.\n            \n            \n              Mar\u015fan \n              G.\n            \n            \n              Gen\u00e7ay \n              K.\n            \n            \n              Seymen \n              F.\n            \n          \n          Craniofacial and dental characteristics of Kabuki syndrome: nine years cephalometric follow-up. J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2012;36:393\u2013400."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b07","series-title":"Case Rep Dent","first-page":"845405","article-title":"Multiple dental and skeletal abnormalities in an individual with Filippi syndrome","volume":"2013","author":"Sandhu \n              M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sandhu \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Malik \n              P.\n            \n            \n              Saha \n              R.\n            \n          \n          Multiple dental and skeletal abnormalities in an individual with Filippi syndrome. Case Rep Dent. 2013;2013:845405."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"22","article-title":"Dental anomalies and clinical features in patients with maxillary canine impaction","volume":"83","author":"Mercuri \n              E.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mercuri \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Cassetta \n              M.\n            \n            \n              Cavallini \n              C.\n            \n            \n              Vicari \n              D.\n            \n            \n              Leonardi \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Barbato \n              E.\n            \n          \n          Dental anomalies and clinical features in patients with maxillary canine impaction. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:22\u201328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b09","series-title":"Int Orthod","first-page":"69","article-title":"Haji Ghadimi M, Rakhshan V. Associations between occlusion, jaw relationships, craniofacial dimensions and the occurrence of palatally-displaced canines","volume":"15","author":"Amini \n              F.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Amini \n              F.\n            \n            \n              Hamedi \n              S.\n            \n          \n          Haji Ghadimi M, Rakhshan V. Associations between occlusion, jaw relationships, craniofacial dimensions and the occurrence of palatally-displaced canines. Int Orthod. 2017;15:69\u201381."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"799","article-title":"Association between third molar agenesis and craniofacial structure development","volume":"148","author":"Ramiro-Verdugo \n              J.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ramiro-Verdugo \n              J.\n            \n            \n              De Vicente-Corominas \n              E.\n            \n            \n              Montiel-Company \n              JM.\n            \n            \n              Gand\u00eda-Franco \n              JL.\n            \n            \n              Bellot-Arc\u00eds \n              C.\n            \n          \n          Association between third molar agenesis and craniofacial structure development. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;148:799\u2013804."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"725","article-title":"Dentoskeletal features associated with unilateral or bilateral palatal displacement of maxillary canines","volume":"74","author":"Sacerdoti \n              R.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sacerdoti \n              R.\n            \n            \n              Baccetti \n              T.\n            \n          \n          Dentoskeletal features associated with unilateral or bilateral palatal displacement of maxillary canines. Angle Orthod. 2004;74:725\u2013732."},{"issue":"5","key":"i0003-3219-88-2-195-b12","series-title":"J Int Oral Health","first-page":"10","article-title":"Prevalence of dental anomalies among school going children in India","volume":"5","author":"Kathariya \n              MD.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kathariya \n              MD.\n            \n            \n              Nikam \n              AP.\n            \n            \n              Chopra \n              K.\n            \n            \n              Patil \n              NN.\n            \n            \n              Raheja \n              H.\n            \n            \n              Kathariya \n              R.\n            \n          \n          Prevalence of dental anomalies among school going children in India. 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