{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T16:08:20Z","timestamp":1780070900762,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate and compare three-dimensional tooth size symmetry in the right and left sides of upper and lower dental arches in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients and to compare it with an Angle Class I normal occlusion control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dental casts of 72 individuals with CLP (20 bilateral [BCLP], 34 unilateral left [ULCLP], and 18 unilateral right [URCLP]) and 53 individuals with Class I occlusion, all with permanent dentition, were randomly selected. Mesiodistal (MD), labiolingual (LL), and occlusogingival (OG) measurements of upper and lower teeth were recorded with a digital caliper. Descriptive statistics and paired\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      -test were used for statistical analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant asymmetries were found between the right and left sides of the dental arches in CLP as follows: MD dimension: mandibular first premolar (ULCLP,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01); LL dimension: mandibular first premolar (URCLP,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05); OG dimension: maxillary central incisor and first premolar (ULCLP,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01, respectively), central incisor (BLCLP,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01), mandibular canine and first premolar (ULCLP,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .01), and first molar (ULCLP,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). Tooth crown size asymmetries were also recorded in the Class I group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant three-dimensional tooth size asymmetries were found in CLP subjects; however, such asymmetries were also present on the Class I control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/072013-526.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,14]],"date-time":"2014-01-14T10:17:52Z","timestamp":1389694672000},"page":"623-627","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Three-dimensional tooth crown size symmetry in cleft lip and cleft palate"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"M. Okan","family":"Akcam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halise","family":"Aydemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Orthodontist, Turgut \u00d6zal University Oral and Dental Health Care Center, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berna","family":"\u00d6zel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Orthodontist, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. Ufuk","family":"Toygar-Memiko\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"11","article-title":"A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate","volume":"90","author":"Ranta\n              R.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ranta\n              R. \n          \n          A review of tooth formation in children with cleft lip\/palate. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:11\u201318."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b02","series-title":"Cleft Palate J","first-page":"36","article-title":"Odontometrics of the permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate: systemic size reduction and amplified asymmetry","volume":"26","author":"Werner\n              SP,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Werner\n              SP, \n            \n              Harris\n              EF. \n          \n          Odontometrics of the permanent teeth in cleft lip and palate: systemic size reduction and amplified asymmetry. Cleft Palate J. 1989;26:36\u201341."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b03","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol","first-page":"435","article-title":"Defects of structure and formation of the teeth in persons with cleft palate and the effect of reparative surgery on the dental tissues","volume":"25","author":"Dixon\n              DA.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Dixon\n              DA. \n          \n          Defects of structure and formation of the teeth in persons with cleft palate and the effect of reparative surgery on the dental tissues. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1968;25:435\u2013446."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b04","first-page":"227","article-title":"Sri Lankan cleft lip and palate study model analysis: clefts of the secondary palate","volume":"30","author":"McCance\n              A,","year":"1993","unstructured":"McCance\n              A, \n            \n              Roberts-Harry\n              D, \n            \n              Sherriff\n              M, \n            \n              Mars\n              M, \n            \n              Houston\n              WJ. \n          \n          Sri Lankan cleft lip and palate study model analysis: clefts of the secondary palate. 1993;30:227\u2013230."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b05","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"639","article-title":"Maxillary anterior tooth size and arch dimensions in unilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"45","author":"Lewis\n              BR,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lewis\n              BR, \n            \n              Stern\n              MR, \n            \n              Willmot\n              DR. \n          \n          Maxillary anterior tooth size and arch dimensions in unilateral cleft lip and palate. 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Eur J Orthod. 2010;32:207\u2013213."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b09","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"247","article-title":"Tooth abnormalities of number and position in the permanent dentition of patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"47","author":"Tereza\n              GP,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tereza\n              GP, \n            \n              Carrara\n              CF, \n            \n              Costa\n              B. \n          \n          Tooth abnormalities of number and position in the permanent dentition of patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2010;47:247\u2013252."},{"issue":"suppl 38","key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b10","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"109","article-title":"Dental anomalies in harelip and cleft palate","volume":"21","author":"B\u00f6hn\n              A.","year":"1963","unstructured":"B\u00f6hn\n              A. \n          \n          Dental anomalies in harelip and cleft palate. Acta Odontol Scand. 1963;21(suppl 38):109\u2013120."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b11","series-title":"Cleft Palate J","first-page":"22","article-title":"Dental abnormalities associated with cleft lip and\/or palate","volume":"3","author":"Jordan\n              RE,","year":"1966","unstructured":"Jordan\n              RE, \n            \n              Kraus\n              BS, \n            \n              Neptune\n              CM. \n          \n          Dental abnormalities associated with cleft lip and\/or palate. 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J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2002;26:383\u2013387."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"307","article-title":"Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups","volume":"73","author":"Araujo\n              E,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Araujo\n              E, \n            \n              Souki\n              M. \n          \n          Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Angle Orthod. 2003;73:307\u2013313."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"226","article-title":"Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and mesiodistal crown dimensions for a Turkish Population","volume":"128","author":"Uysal\n              T,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Uysal\n              T, \n            \n              Sar\u0131\n              Z. \n          \n          Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and mesiodistal crown dimensions for a Turkish Population. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:226\u2013230."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b17","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"208","article-title":"Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and malocclusion: is there a relation","volume":"75","author":"Uysal\n              T,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Uysal\n              T, \n            \n              Sar\u0131\n              Z, \n            \n              Bas\u00e7ift\u00e7i\n              FA, \n            \n              Memili\n              B. \n          \n          Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and malocclusion: is there a relation? Angle Orthod. 2005;75:208\u2013213."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"26","article-title":"Intermaxillary Bolton tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups","volume":"76","author":"Ba\u015faran\n              G,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ba\u015faran\n              G, \n            \n              Selek\n              M, \n            \n              Hamamc\u0131\n              O, \n            \n              Akku\u015f\n              Z. \n          \n          Intermaxillary Bolton tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Angle Orthod. 2006;76:26\u201330."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b19","series-title":"Bull UOJ","first-page":"21","article-title":"A comparative study of mesiodistal crown size in patients with unilateral clefts","volume":"14","author":"Markovic\n              M,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Markovic\n              M, \n            \n              Djordjevic\n              S. \n          \n          A comparative study of mesiodistal crown size in patients with unilateral clefts. Bull UOJ. 1981;14:21\u201327."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b20","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac Surg","first-page":"155","article-title":"The crown size and sexual dimorphism of permanent teeth in Jordanian cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"44","author":"Rawashdeh\n              MA,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rawashdeh\n              MA, \n            \n              Bakir\n              IF. \n          \n          The crown size and sexual dimorphism of permanent teeth in Jordanian cleft lip and palate patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac Surg. 2007;44:155\u2013162."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b21","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"405","article-title":"Errors and discrepancies in measurement of tooth size","volume":"39","author":"Hunter\n              WS,","year":"1960","unstructured":"Hunter\n              WS, \n            \n              Priest\n              WR. \n          \n          Errors and discrepancies in measurement of tooth size. J Dent Res. 1960;39:405\u2013414."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b22","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"301","article-title":"Evaluation of the validity of tooth size and arch width measurements using conventional and three-dimensional virtual orthodontic models","volume":"73","author":"Zilberman\n              O,","year":"2003 Jun","unstructured":"Zilberman\n              O, \n            \n              Huggare\n              JA, \n            \n              Parikakis\n              KA. \n          \n          Evaluation of the validity of tooth size and arch width measurements using conventional and three-dimensional virtual orthodontic models. Angle Orthod. 2003 Jun;73(3):301\u2013306."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b23","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"343","article-title":"Dental abnormalities, bone graft quality, and periodontal conditions in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate at different phases of orthodontic treatment","volume":"40","author":"Dewinter\n              G,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dewinter\n              G, \n            \n              Quirynen\n              M, \n            \n              Heidb\u00fcchel\n              K, \n            \n              Verdnock\n              G, \n            \n              Willems\n              G, \n            \n              Carels\n              C. \n          \n          Dental abnormalities, bone graft quality, and periodontal conditions in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate at different phases of orthodontic treatment. 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J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2002;26:383\u2013387."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"307","article-title":"Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups","volume":"73","author":"Araujo\n              E,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Araujo\n              E, \n            \n              Souki\n              M. \n          \n          Bolton anterior tooth size discrepancies among different malocclusion groups. Angle Orthod. 2003;73:307\u2013313."},{"key":"i0003-3219-84-4-623-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"226","article-title":"Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and mesiodistal crown dimensions for a Turkish Population","volume":"128","author":"Uysal\n              T,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Uysal\n              T, \n            \n              Sar\u0131\n              Z. \n          \n          Intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy and mesiodistal crown dimensions for a Turkish Population. 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