{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T08:32:54Z","timestamp":1780475574948,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the influence of incisal edge asymmetry of the maxillary central incisors on dentofacial esthetics among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons using video analysis.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Full-face films of a 52-year-old afro-descendant woman displaying various levels of incisal wear in the esthetic zone were captured. An acrylic resin mockup was made of the maxillary anterior region, enabling the reproduction of an attractive smile and restoring tooth wear. Four different levels of incisal asymmetry between the upper central incisors in 0.5 mm increments were prepared from this mockup. A film was made for each level of asymmetry (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) and one with no asymmetry, with the patient repeating a sentence, totaling five films. After a pilot study and sample calculation, the films were evaluated by 138 examiners: 46 orthodontists, 46 laypeople, and 46 prosthodontists. Each examiner evaluated the dentofacial esthetics of each film using visual analog scales. Data collected were statistically analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Highest scores were awarded to the film with no asymmetry between upper centrals and the one with 0.5 mm of asymmetry. The asymmetries of 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm had the lowest scores from all three groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The results of this video analysis indicate that asymmetries equal to or greater than 1.0 mm between the upper central incisors edges jeopardize dentofacial esthetics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/080118-556.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,11]],"date-time":"2019-03-11T10:41:35Z","timestamp":1552300895000},"page":"775-780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Does the presence of maxillary central incisor edge asymmetry influence the perception of dentofacial esthetics in video analysis?"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Marcio Costa","family":"Sobral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Student, Section of Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u00eada Margarida","family":"Cruso\u00e9-Rebello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Section of Radiology, Dental School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre Wilson","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Section of Orthodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"759","article-title":"Smile attractiveness self-perception and influence on personality","volume":"77","author":"Van Der Geld \n P,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Van Der Geld \n P, \n \n \n Oosterveld \n P, \n \n \n Van Heck \n G, \n \n \n Kuijpers-Jactman \n AM. \n \n \n Smile attractiveness self-perception and influence on personality. Angle Orthod. 2007B;77:759\u2013765."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"423","article-title":"Do dental esthetics have any influence on finding a job?","volume":"146","author":"Pithon \n MM,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pithon \n MM, \n \n \n Nascimento \n CC, \n \n \n Barbosa \n GCG, \n \n \n Coqueiro \n RS. \n \n \n Do dental esthetics have any influence on finding a job?\n Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014;146:423\u2013429."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"141","article-title":"Perceptions of dental professionals and laypersons to altered dental esthetics: Asymmetric and symmetric situations","volume":"130","author":"Kokich \n VO,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kokich \n VO, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Kiyak \n HA. \n \n \n Perceptions of dental professionals and laypersons to altered dental esthetics: Asymmetric and symmetric situations. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:141\u2013151."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b04","series-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent","first-page":"392","article-title":"Influence of the vertical position of maxillary central incisors on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons","volume":"25","author":"Machado \n AW,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Machado \n AW, \n \n \n Mccomb \n R, \n \n \n Moon \n W, \n \n \n Gandini \n LG\n Jr. \n \n \n Influence of the vertical position of maxillary central incisors on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons. 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Chicago: Quintessence;1990."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"658","article-title":"Influence of maxillary incisor edge asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons","volume":"143","author":"Machado \n AW,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Machado \n AW, \n \n \n Moon \n W, \n \n \n Gandini \n JRLG. \n \n \n Influence of maxillary incisor edge asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons. 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J World Fed Orthod. 2013; 25;169\u2013174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"748","article-title":"Impact of dental asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics","volume":"132","author":"Pinho \n S,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pinho \n S, \n \n \n Ciriaco \n C, \n \n \n Faber \n J, \n \n \n Lanza \n MA. \n \n \n Impact of dental asymmetries on the perception of smile esthetics. 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Dental Press J Orthod. 2012;17:151\u2013156."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b15","series-title":"J Prosthet Dent","first-page":"358","article-title":"The principles of visual perception and their clinical application to denture esthetics","volume":"29","author":"Lombardi \n RE.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Lombardi \n RE. \n \n \n The principles of visual perception and their clinical application to denture esthetics. J Prosthet Dent. 1973;29:358\u2013382."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b16","series-title":"J Prosthet Dent","first-page":"24","article-title":"The JGP. Some esthetic factors in a smile","volume":"51","author":"Tjan \n AHL,","year":"1984","unstructured":"Tjan \n AHL, \n \n \n Miller \n GD. \n \n \n The JGP. Some esthetic factors in a smile. J Prosthet Dent. 1984;51:24\u201328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b17","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"105","article-title":"Selected aspects of the art and science of facial esthetics","author":"Peck \n S,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Peck \n S, \n \n \n Peck, \n L. \n \n \n Selected aspects of the art and science of facial esthetics. Semin Orthod. 1995:105\u2013126."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b18","series-title":"Esthetics of anterior fixed prosthodontics","author":"Chiche \n G,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Chiche \n G, \n \n \n Pinault \n A. \n \n \n Esthetics of anterior fixed prosthodontics. 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Dental Press J Orthod. 2011;16:37\u201339."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"515","article-title":"Characterization of posed smile by using visual analog scale, smile arc, buccal corridor measures, and modified smile index","volume":"133","author":"Krishnan \n V,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Krishnan \n V, \n \n \n Daniel \n ST, \n \n \n Lazar \n D, \n \n \n Asok \n A. \n \n \n Characterization of posed smile by using visual analog scale, smile arc, buccal corridor measures, and modified smile index. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:515\u2013523."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b23","series-title":"J Esthetic Dent","first-page":"311","article-title":"Comparing the perception of dentists and lay people to altered dental esthetics","volume":"116","author":"Kokich \n VO,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kokich \n VO, \n \n \n Kiyak \n HA, \n \n \n Shapiro \n PA. \n \n \n Comparing the perception of dentists and lay people to altered dental esthetics. J Esthetic Dent. 1999;116:311\u2013324."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b24","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"147","article-title":"Preferences for vertical position of the maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"9","author":"King \n KL,","year":"2008","unstructured":"King \n KL, \n \n \n Evans \n CA, \n \n \n Viana \n G, \n \n \n Begole \n E, \n \n \n Obrez \n A. \n \n \n Preferences for vertical position of the maxillary lateral incisors. World J Orthod. 2008;9:147\u2013154."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b25","series-title":"J World Fed Orthod","first-page":"108","article-title":"Influence of maxillary incisor level of exposure on the perception of dentofacial esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons","volume":"4","author":"Caramelo \n F,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Caramelo \n F, \n \n \n Bittencourt \n MAV, \n \n \n Machado \n AW. \n \n \n Influence of maxillary incisor level of exposure on the perception of dentofacial esthetics among orthodontists and laypersons. J World Fed Orthod. 2015;4:108\u2013113."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-5-775-b26","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"116","article-title":"Dynamic smile visualization and quantification: Part 2. Smile analysis and treatment strategies","volume":"124","author":"Sarver \n DM,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sarver \n DM, \n \n \n Ackerman \n MB. \n \n \n Dynamic smile visualization and quantification: Part 2. 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