{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:33:08Z","timestamp":1780482788209,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:\u2002<\/jats:title>\n To compare, through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the root resorption and treatment efficiency of two different mini-implant-assisted modalities in intruding the maxillary incisors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:\u2002<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty-two adults who had deep bite and elongated maxillary incisors were randomly allocated to two groups: anterior mini-implant group (AMG) and posterior mini-implant group (PMG). In the AMG, approximately 40 g of force was applied per side with elastic chains from mini-implants placed between the lateral incisors and canines and in the PMG, with beta-titanium wires from mini-implants placed between the second premolars and first molars. This study was conducted on CBCT scans taken before intrusion and after 4 months of intrusion. Data were analyzed by means of a paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test, independent\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test, and Pearson\u2019s correlation test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:\u2002<\/jats:title>\n \n One patient was excluded from the AMG due to mini-implant loosening. While the incisors showed a significant reduction in length and volume, this amount was greater in the AMG, especially in the central incisors (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05). Together with the mean intrusion rates of 0.62 and 0.39 mm\/mo in the AMG and PMG respectively, the center of resistance of the incisors showed distal movement with labial tipping; these changes were greater in the PMG (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001). Volumetric root resorption was correlated with the amount of intrusion (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:title>\n Intrusion anchoring from posterior mini-implants is preferred in cases of upright incisors, as the use of such mechanics directs the roots into the spongiosa where they undergo less root resorption and more labial tipping.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/085015-571.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,7]],"date-time":"2016-01-07T12:52:30Z","timestamp":1452171150000},"page":"746-752","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Comparison of anterior and posterior mini-implant-assisted maxillary incisor intrusion: Root resorption and treatment efficiency"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Isil","family":"Aras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali V.","family":"Tuncer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r1","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"26","article-title":"Biomechanics of deep overbite correction","volume":"7","author":"Burstone\n CJ.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Burstone\n CJ.\n \n \n Biomechanics of deep overbite correction. Semin Orthod. 2001;7:26\u201333."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r2","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"658","article-title":"Influence of buccal segment size on prevention of side effects from incisor intrusion","volume":"129","author":"van Steenbergen\n E,","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Steenbergen\n E, \n \n Burstone\n CJ, \n \n Prahl-Andersen\n B, \n \n Aartman\n IH.\n \n \n Influence of buccal segment size on prevention of side effects from incisor intrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:658\u2013665."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r3","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"723","article-title":"Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients","volume":"141","author":"Senisik\n NE,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Senisik\n NE, \n \n Turkkahraman\n H.\n \n \n Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:723\u2013733."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r4","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"526","article-title":"Comparison of the intrusive effects of miniscrews and utility arches","volume":"139","author":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O, \n \n Arman-Ozcirpici\n A, \n \n Veziroglu\n F, \n \n Cetinsahin\n A.\n \n \n Comparison of the intrusive effects of miniscrews and utility arches. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:526\u2013532."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r5","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"444","article-title":"A mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage in a deep overbite case","volume":"75","author":"Ohnishi\n H,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ohnishi\n H, \n \n Yagi\n T, \n \n Yasuda\n Y, \n \n Takada\n K.\n \n \n A mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage in a deep overbite case. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:444\u2013452."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r6","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"676","article-title":"Correction of deep overbite and gummy smile by using a mini-implant with a segmented wire in a growing Class II division 2 patient","volume":"130","author":"Kim\n TW,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim\n TW, \n \n Kim\n H, \n \n Lee\n SJ.\n \n \n Correction of deep overbite and gummy smile by using a mini-implant with a segmented wire in a growing Class II division 2 patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:676\u2013685."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r7","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"654","article-title":"Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear","volume":"133","author":"Deguchi\n T,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Deguchi\n T, \n \n Murakami\n T, \n \n Kuroda\n S, \n \n Yabuuchi\n T, \n \n Kamioka\n H, \n \n Takano-Yamamoto\n T.\n \n \n Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:654\u2013660."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r8","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"79","article-title":"Mini-implants for en masse intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth in a severe Class II division 2 malocclusion","volume":"35","author":"Upadhyay\n M,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Upadhyay\n M, \n \n Nagaraj\n K, \n \n Yadav\n S, \n \n Saxena\n R.\n \n \n Mini-implants for en masse intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth in a severe Class II division 2 malocclusion. J Orthod. 2008;35:79\u201389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r9","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"412","article-title":"Miniscrews for upper incisor intrusion","volume":"31","author":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O, \n \n Arman-Ozcirpici\n A, \n \n Veziroglu\n F.\n \n \n Miniscrews for upper incisor intrusion. Eur J Orthod. 2009;31:412\u2013416."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"639","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 8","volume":"130","author":"Harris\n DA,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harris\n DA, \n \n Jones\n AS, \n \n Darendeliler\n MA.\n \n \n Physical properties of root cementum: part 8. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of controlled intrusive light and heavy orthodontic forces:a microcomputed tomography scan study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:639\u2013647."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"35","article-title":"Ultrastructure of cementum and periodontal ligament after continuous intrusion in humans: a transmission electron microscopy study","volume":"23","author":"Faltin\n RM,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faltin\n RM, \n \n Faltin\n K, \n \n Sander\n FG, \n \n Arana-Chavez\n VE.\n \n \n Ultrastructure of cementum and periodontal ligament after continuous intrusion in humans: a transmission electron microscopy study. Eur J Orthod. 2001;23:35\u201349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"912","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic intrusion and extrusion: an intraindividual study","volume":"75","author":"Han\n G,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Han\n G, \n \n Huang\n S, \n \n Von den Hoff\n JW, \n \n Zeng\n X, \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman\n AM.\n \n \n Root resorption after orthodontic intrusion and extrusion: an intraindividual study. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:912\u2013918."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r13","series-title":"J Appl Oral Sci","first-page":"303","article-title":"Comparison between two tomographic sections in the diagnosis of external root resorption","volume":"18","author":"Lermen\n CA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lermen\n CA, \n \n Liedke\n GS, \n \n da Silveira\n HE, \n \n da Silveira\n HL, \n \n Mazzola\n AA, \n \n de Figueiredo\n JA.\n \n \n Comparison between two tomographic sections in the diagnosis of external root resorption. J Appl Oral Sci. 2010;18:303\u2013307."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r14","series-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol","first-page":"393","article-title":"Diagnostic ability of computed tomography to evaluate external root resorption in vitro","volume":"36","author":"da Silveira\n HL,","year":"2007","unstructured":"da Silveira\n HL, \n \n Silveira\n HE, \n \n Liedke\n GS, \n \n Lermen\n CA, \n \n Dos Santos\n RB, \n \n de Figueiredo\n JA.\n \n \n Diagnostic ability of computed tomography to evaluate external root resorption in vitro. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2007;36:393\u2013396."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"212","article-title":"True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Ng\n J,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ng\n J, \n \n Major\n PW, \n \n Heo\n G, \n \n Flores-Mir\n C.\n \n \n True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:212\u2013219."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"543","article-title":"An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion","volume":"109","author":"Costopoulos\n G,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Costopoulos\n G, \n \n Nanda\n R.\n \n \n An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;109:543\u2013548."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"321","article-title":"Apical root resorption of upper incisors caused by intrusive tooth movement: a radiographic study","volume":"90","author":"Dermaut\n LR,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dermaut\n LR, \n \n De Munck\n A.\n \n \n Apical root resorption of upper incisors caused by intrusive tooth movement: a radiographic study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:321\u2013326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"390","article-title":"A study of the relationship between incisor intrusion and root shortening","volume":"96","author":"McFadden\n WM,","year":"1989","unstructured":"McFadden\n WM, \n \n Engstrom\n C, \n \n Engstrom\n H, \n \n Anholm\n JM.\n \n \n A study of the relationship between incisor intrusion and root shortening. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1989;96:390\u2013396."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r19","series-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res","first-page":"186","article-title":"A comparative study of different intrusion methods and their effect on maxillary incisors","volume":"4","author":"Goel\n P,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Goel\n P, \n \n Tandon\n R, \n \n Agrawal\n KK.\n \n \n A comparative study of different intrusion methods and their effect on maxillary incisors. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2014;4:186\u2013191."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r20","series-title":"Fortschr Kieferorthop","first-page":"16","article-title":"Intrusion of the anterior teeth with the segmented-arch technic of Burstone\u2014a clinical study","volume":"53","author":"Goerigk\n B,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Goerigk\n B, \n \n Diedrich\n P, \n \n Wehrbein\n H.\n \n \n Intrusion of the anterior teeth with the segmented-arch technic of Burstone\u2014a clinical study. Fortschr Kieferorthop. 1992;53:16\u201325."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r21","series-title":"Int Endod J","first-page":"136","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of small volume cone beam computed tomography and intraoral periapical radiography for the detection of simulated external inflammatory root resorption","volume":"44","author":"Durack\n C,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Durack\n C, \n \n Patel\n S, \n \n Davies\n J, \n \n Wilson\n R, \n \n Mannocci\n F.\n \n \n Diagnostic accuracy of small volume cone beam computed tomography and intraoral periapical radiography for the detection of simulated external inflammatory root resorption. Int Endod J. 2011;44:136\u2013147."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r22","series-title":"Int Endod J","first-page":"831","article-title":"The detection and management of root resorption lesions using intraoral radiography and cone beam computed tomography\u2014an in vivo investigation","volume":"42","author":"Patel\n S,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patel\n S, \n \n Dawood\n A, \n \n Wilson\n R, \n \n Horner\n K, \n \n Mannocci\n F.\n \n \n The detection and management of root resorption lesions using intraoral radiography and cone beam computed tomography\u2014an in vivo investigation. Int Endod J. 2009;42:831\u2013838."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"100","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs","volume":"137","author":"Sherrard\n JF,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sherrard\n JF, \n \n Rossouw\n PE, \n \n Benson\n BW, \n \n Carrillo\n R, \n \n Buschang\n PH.\n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of tooth and root lengths measured on cone-beam computed tomographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:100\u2013108."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"19","article-title":"Flaws in root resorption assessment algorithms: role of tooth shape","volume":"130","author":"Katona\n TR.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Katona\n TR.\n \n \n Flaws in root resorption assessment algorithms: role of tooth shape. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:19\u201327."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r25","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"206","article-title":"Accuracy of volumetric measurement of teeth in vivo based on cone beam computer tomography","volume":"14","author":"Wang\n Y,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang\n Y, \n \n He\n S, \n \n Yu\n L, \n \n Li\n J, \n \n Chen\n S.\n \n \n Accuracy of volumetric measurement of teeth in vivo based on cone beam computer tomography. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2011;14:206\u2013212."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r26","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"64","article-title":"Exploring the third dimension in root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Chan\n EK,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chan\n EK, \n \n Darendeliler\n MA.\n \n \n Exploring the third dimension in root resorption. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2004;7:64\u201370."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r27","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"279","article-title":"Maxillary incisor intrusion and facial growth","volume":"57","author":"DeVincenzo\n JP,","year":"1987","unstructured":"DeVincenzo\n JP, \n \n Winn\n MW.\n \n \n Maxillary incisor intrusion and facial growth. Angle Orthod. 1987;57:279\u2013289."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r1","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"26","article-title":"Biomechanics of deep overbite correction","volume":"7","author":"Burstone\n CJ.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Burstone\n CJ.\n \n \n Biomechanics of deep overbite correction. Semin Orthod. 2001;7:26\u201333."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r2","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"658","article-title":"Influence of buccal segment size on prevention of side effects from incisor intrusion","volume":"129","author":"van Steenbergen\n E,","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Steenbergen\n E, \n \n Burstone\n CJ, \n \n Prahl-Andersen\n B, \n \n Aartman\n IH.\n \n \n Influence of buccal segment size on prevention of side effects from incisor intrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129:658\u2013665."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r3","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"723","article-title":"Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients","volume":"141","author":"Senisik\n NE,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Senisik\n NE, \n \n Turkkahraman\n H.\n \n \n Treatment effects of intrusion arches and mini-implant systems in deepbite patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2012;141:723\u2013733."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r4","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"526","article-title":"Comparison of the intrusive effects of miniscrews and utility arches","volume":"139","author":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O, \n \n Arman-Ozcirpici\n A, \n \n Veziroglu\n F, \n \n Cetinsahin\n A.\n \n \n Comparison of the intrusive effects of miniscrews and utility arches. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:526\u2013532."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r5","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"444","article-title":"A mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage in a deep overbite case","volume":"75","author":"Ohnishi\n H,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ohnishi\n H, \n \n Yagi\n T, \n \n Yasuda\n Y, \n \n Takada\n K.\n \n \n A mini-implant for orthodontic anchorage in a deep overbite case. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:444\u2013452."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r6","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"676","article-title":"Correction of deep overbite and gummy smile by using a mini-implant with a segmented wire in a growing Class II division 2 patient","volume":"130","author":"Kim\n TW,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim\n TW, \n \n Kim\n H, \n \n Lee\n SJ.\n \n \n Correction of deep overbite and gummy smile by using a mini-implant with a segmented wire in a growing Class II division 2 patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:676\u2013685."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r7","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"654","article-title":"Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear","volume":"133","author":"Deguchi\n T,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Deguchi\n T, \n \n Murakami\n T, \n \n Kuroda\n S, \n \n Yabuuchi\n T, \n \n Kamioka\n H, \n \n Takano-Yamamoto\n T.\n \n \n Comparison of the intrusion effects on the maxillary incisors between implant anchorage and J-hook headgear. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:654\u2013660."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r8","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"79","article-title":"Mini-implants for en masse intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth in a severe Class II division 2 malocclusion","volume":"35","author":"Upadhyay\n M,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Upadhyay\n M, \n \n Nagaraj\n K, \n \n Yadav\n S, \n \n Saxena\n R.\n \n \n Mini-implants for en masse intrusion of maxillary anterior teeth in a severe Class II division 2 malocclusion. J Orthod. 2008;35:79\u201389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r9","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"412","article-title":"Miniscrews for upper incisor intrusion","volume":"31","author":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O, \n \n Arman-Ozcirpici\n A, \n \n Veziroglu\n F.\n \n \n Miniscrews for upper incisor intrusion. Eur J Orthod. 2009;31:412\u2013416."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"639","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 8","volume":"130","author":"Harris\n DA,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harris\n DA, \n \n Jones\n AS, \n \n Darendeliler\n MA.\n \n \n Physical properties of root cementum: part 8. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of controlled intrusive light and heavy orthodontic forces:a microcomputed tomography scan study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;130:639\u2013647."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"35","article-title":"Ultrastructure of cementum and periodontal ligament after continuous intrusion in humans: a transmission electron microscopy study","volume":"23","author":"Faltin\n RM,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faltin\n RM, \n \n Faltin\n K, \n \n Sander\n FG, \n \n Arana-Chavez\n VE.\n \n \n Ultrastructure of cementum and periodontal ligament after continuous intrusion in humans: a transmission electron microscopy study. Eur J Orthod. 2001;23:35\u201349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"912","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic intrusion and extrusion: an intraindividual study","volume":"75","author":"Han\n G,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Han\n G, \n \n Huang\n S, \n \n Von den Hoff\n JW, \n \n Zeng\n X, \n \n Kuijpers-Jagtman\n AM.\n \n \n Root resorption after orthodontic intrusion and extrusion: an intraindividual study. Angle Orthod. 2005;75:912\u2013918."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r13","series-title":"J Appl Oral Sci","first-page":"303","article-title":"Comparison between two tomographic sections in the diagnosis of external root resorption","volume":"18","author":"Lermen\n CA,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lermen\n CA, \n \n Liedke\n GS, \n \n da Silveira\n HE, \n \n da Silveira\n HL, \n \n Mazzola\n AA, \n \n de Figueiredo\n JA.\n \n \n Comparison between two tomographic sections in the diagnosis of external root resorption. J Appl Oral Sci. 2010;18:303\u2013307."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r14","series-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol","first-page":"393","article-title":"Diagnostic ability of computed tomography to evaluate external root resorption in vitro","volume":"36","author":"da Silveira\n HL,","year":"2007","unstructured":"da Silveira\n HL, \n \n Silveira\n HE, \n \n Liedke\n GS, \n \n Lermen\n CA, \n \n Dos Santos\n RB, \n \n de Figueiredo\n JA.\n \n \n Diagnostic ability of computed tomography to evaluate external root resorption in vitro. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2007;36:393\u2013396."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r15","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"212","article-title":"True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"128","author":"Ng\n J,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ng\n J, \n \n Major\n PW, \n \n Heo\n G, \n \n Flores-Mir\n C.\n \n \n True incisor intrusion attained during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005;128:212\u2013219."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"543","article-title":"An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion","volume":"109","author":"Costopoulos\n G,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Costopoulos\n G, \n \n Nanda\n R.\n \n \n An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1996;109:543\u2013548."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"321","article-title":"Apical root resorption of upper incisors caused by intrusive tooth movement: a radiographic study","volume":"90","author":"Dermaut\n LR,","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dermaut\n LR, \n \n De Munck\n A.\n \n \n Apical root resorption of upper incisors caused by intrusive tooth movement: a radiographic study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1986;90:321\u2013326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-86-5-746-r18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"390","article-title":"A study of the relationship between incisor intrusion and root shortening","volume":"96","author":"McFadden\n WM,","year":"1989","unstructured":"McFadden\n WM, \n \n Engstrom\n C, \n \n Engstrom\n H, \n \n Anholm\n JM.\n \n \n A study of the relationship between incisor intrusion and root shortening. 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