{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T17:04:12Z","timestamp":1780074252829,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the timing of spontaneous maxillary canine eruption in relation to stages of mandibular second molar maturation. Potential confounding effects from such factors as age, growth phase, and facial features were also explored.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n A sample of 106 healthy subjects (48 females and 58 males; age range, 9.4\u201314.3\u00a0years) with both permanent maxillary canines during the final phase of intraoral eruption were included. Mandibular second molar maturation (stages E to H) was assessed according to the method of Demirjian. Skeletal maturity was determined using the cervical vertebral maturational (CVM) method. Facial vertical and sagittal relationships were evaluated by recording the Sella-Nasion\/mandibular plane (SN\/MP) angle and the ANB angle. An ordered multiple logistic regression was run to evaluate adjusted correlation of each parameter with the mandibular second molar maturational stage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Overall, the prevalence of the different second molar maturational stages was 36.8%, 37.8%, and 27.4% for stages E, F and G, respectively. According to the regression model, this relation was not influenced by sex, CVM stage, SN\/MP angle, and ANB angle.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Irrespective of sex, growth phase, and facial features, the maturational stage of the mandibular second molar may be a reliable indicator for the timing of spontaneous eruption of the maxillary canine.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/090212-704.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,9]],"date-time":"2013-01-09T13:14:33Z","timestamp":1357737273000},"page":"578-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Eruption of the permanent maxillary canines in relation to mandibular second molar maturity"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Perinetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Fellow, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilena","family":"Callovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Salgarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Oral Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Biasotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Contardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b01","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"1485","article-title":"A review of the diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary canines","volume":"140","author":"Bedoya\n MM,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bedoya\n MM, \n \n Park\n JH. \n \n A review of the diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary canines. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009;140:1485\u20131493."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b02","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"381","article-title":"A randomized clinical study of two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines","volume":"30","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Leonardi\n M, \n \n Armi\n P. \n \n A randomized clinical study of two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:381\u2013385."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"134","article-title":"Prediction of the age of maximum puberal growth in body height","volume":"37","author":"Bjork\n A,","year":"1967","unstructured":"Bjork\n A, \n \n Helm\n S. \n \n Prediction of the age of maximum puberal growth in body height. Angle Orthod. 1967;37:134\u2013143."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"299","article-title":"Maturation indicators and the pubertal growth spurt","volume":"82","author":"H\u00e4gg\n U,","year":"1982","unstructured":"H\u00e4gg\n U, \n \n Taranger\n J. \n \n Maturation indicators and the pubertal growth spurt. Am J Orthod. 1982;82:299\u2013309."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"748","article-title":"Eruption of the maxillary canines in relation to skeletal maturity","volume":"133","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n De Lisa\n S, \n \n Giuntini\n V. \n \n Eruption of the maxillary canines in relation to skeletal maturity. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:748\u2013751."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"487","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of dental maturity for identification of skeletal maturation phase","volume":"34","author":"Perinetti\n G,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perinetti\n G, \n \n Contardo\n L, \n \n Gabrieli\n P, \n \n Baccetti\n T, \n \n Di Lenarda\n R. \n \n Diagnostic performance of dental maturity for identification of skeletal maturation phase. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:487\u2013492."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b07","series-title":"Prog Orthod","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of combined canine and second molar maturity for identification of growth phase","author":"Perinetti\n G,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perinetti\n G, \n \n Di Lenarda\n R, \n \n Contardo\n L. \n \n Diagnostic performance of combined canine and second molar maturity for identification of growth phase. Prog Orthod. 2013. In press."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"283","article-title":"Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines","volume":"10","author":"Ericson\n S,","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ericson\n S, \n \n Kurol\n J. \n \n Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines. Eur J Orthod. 1988;10:283\u2013295."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b09","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"119","article-title":"The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of optimal treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics","volume":"11","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n McNamara\n JAJ. \n \n The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of optimal treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics. Semin Orthod. 2005;11:119\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b10","series-title":"Hum Biol","first-page":"211","article-title":"A new system of dental age assessment","volume":"45","author":"Demirjian\n A,","year":"1973","unstructured":"Demirjian\n A, \n \n Goldstein\n H, \n \n Tanner\n JM. \n \n A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973;45:211\u2013227."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"73","article-title":"Dental maturation in subjects with extreme vertical facial types","volume":"20","author":"Janson\n GR,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Janson\n GR, \n \n Martins\n DR, \n \n Tavano\n O, \n \n Dainesi\n EA. \n \n Dental maturation in subjects with extreme vertical facial types. Eur J Orthod. 1998;20:73\u201378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b12","series-title":"Epidemiology","first-page":"199","article-title":"Dependence of weighted kappa coefficients on the number of categories","volume":"7","author":"Brenner\n H,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brenner\n H, \n \n Kliebsch\n U. \n \n Dependence of weighted kappa coefficients on the number of categories. Epidemiology. 1996;7:199\u2013202."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b13","series-title":"Biometrics","first-page":"159","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis\n JR,","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis\n JR, \n \n Koch\n GG. \n \n The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33:159\u2013174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b14","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"158","article-title":"The effect of sample size and bias on the reliability of estimates of error: a comparative study of Dahlberg's formula","volume":"34","author":"Springate\n SD.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Springate\n SD. \n \n The effect of sample size and bias on the reliability of estimates of error: a comparative study of Dahlberg's formula. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:158\u2013163."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b15","series-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent","first-page":"119","article-title":"The prevalence of malocclusal traits and their correlations in mixed dentition children: results from the Italian OHSAR Survey","volume":"6","author":"Perinetti\n G,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Perinetti\n G, \n \n Cordella\n C, \n \n Pellegrini\n F, \n \n Esposito\n P. \n \n The prevalence of malocclusal traits and their correlations in mixed dentition children: results from the Italian OHSAR Survey. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2008;6:119\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","article-title":"Is the use of the cervical vertebrae maturation method justified to determine skeletal age? A comparison of radiation dose of two strategies for skeletal age estimation","author":"Patcas\n R,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patcas\n R, \n \n Signorelli\n L, \n \n Peltomaki\n T, \n \n Schatzle\n M. \n \n Is the use of the cervical vertebrae maturation method justified to determine skeletal age? A comparison of radiation dose of two strategies for skeletal age estimation. Eur J Orthod. 2012Jul30. [Epub ahead of print]."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b17","series-title":"Orthodontic Radiographs \u2014Guidelines for the Use of Radiographs in Clinical Orthodontics. 3rd ed","author":"Isaacson\n KG,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Isaacson\n KG, \n \n Thom\n AR, \n \n Horner\n K, \n \n Whaites\n E. \n \n Orthodontic Radiographs \u2014Guidelines for the Use of Radiographs in Clinical Orthodontics. 3rd ed. London, UK: British Orthodontic Society; 2008."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b18","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"91","article-title":"Canine impaction identified early with panoramic radiographs","volume":"123","author":"Lindauer\n SJ,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lindauer\n SJ, \n \n Rubenstein\n LK, \n \n Hang\n WM, \n \n Andersen\n WC, \n \n Isaacson\n RJ. \n \n Canine impaction identified early with panoramic radiographs. J Am Dent Assoc. 1992;123:91\u201392, 95\u201397."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b01","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"1485","article-title":"A review of the diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary canines","volume":"140","author":"Bedoya\n MM,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bedoya\n MM, \n \n Park\n JH. \n \n A review of the diagnosis and management of impacted maxillary canines. J Am Dent Assoc. 2009;140:1485\u20131493."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b02","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"381","article-title":"A randomized clinical study of two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines","volume":"30","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Leonardi\n M, \n \n Armi\n P. \n \n A randomized clinical study of two interceptive approaches to palatally displaced canines. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30:381\u2013385."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b03","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"134","article-title":"Prediction of the age of maximum puberal growth in body height","volume":"37","author":"Bjork\n A,","year":"1967","unstructured":"Bjork\n A, \n \n Helm\n S. \n \n Prediction of the age of maximum puberal growth in body height. Angle Orthod. 1967;37:134\u2013143."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"299","article-title":"Maturation indicators and the pubertal growth spurt","volume":"82","author":"H\u00e4gg\n U,","year":"1982","unstructured":"H\u00e4gg\n U, \n \n Taranger\n J. \n \n Maturation indicators and the pubertal growth spurt. Am J Orthod. 1982;82:299\u2013309."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"748","article-title":"Eruption of the maxillary canines in relation to skeletal maturity","volume":"133","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n De Lisa\n S, \n \n Giuntini\n V. \n \n Eruption of the maxillary canines in relation to skeletal maturity. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133:748\u2013751."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b06","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"487","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of dental maturity for identification of skeletal maturation phase","volume":"34","author":"Perinetti\n G,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perinetti\n G, \n \n Contardo\n L, \n \n Gabrieli\n P, \n \n Baccetti\n T, \n \n Di Lenarda\n R. \n \n Diagnostic performance of dental maturity for identification of skeletal maturation phase. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:487\u2013492."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b07","series-title":"Prog Orthod","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of combined canine and second molar maturity for identification of growth phase","author":"Perinetti\n G,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Perinetti\n G, \n \n Di Lenarda\n R, \n \n Contardo\n L. \n \n Diagnostic performance of combined canine and second molar maturity for identification of growth phase. Prog Orthod. 2013. In press."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b08","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"283","article-title":"Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines","volume":"10","author":"Ericson\n S,","year":"1988","unstructured":"Ericson\n S, \n \n Kurol\n J. \n \n Early treatment of palatally erupting maxillary canines by extraction of the primary canines. Eur J Orthod. 1988;10:283\u2013295."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b09","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"119","article-title":"The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of optimal treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics","volume":"11","author":"Baccetti\n T,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baccetti\n T, \n \n Franchi\n L, \n \n McNamara\n JAJ. \n \n The cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method for the assessment of optimal treatment timing in dentofacial orthopedics. Semin Orthod. 2005;11:119\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b10","series-title":"Hum Biol","first-page":"211","article-title":"A new system of dental age assessment","volume":"45","author":"Demirjian\n A,","year":"1973","unstructured":"Demirjian\n A, \n \n Goldstein\n H, \n \n Tanner\n JM. \n \n A new system of dental age assessment. Hum Biol. 1973;45:211\u2013227."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"73","article-title":"Dental maturation in subjects with extreme vertical facial types","volume":"20","author":"Janson\n GR,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Janson\n GR, \n \n Martins\n DR, \n \n Tavano\n O, \n \n Dainesi\n EA. \n \n Dental maturation in subjects with extreme vertical facial types. Eur J Orthod. 1998;20:73\u201378."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b12","series-title":"Epidemiology","first-page":"199","article-title":"Dependence of weighted kappa coefficients on the number of categories","volume":"7","author":"Brenner\n H,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Brenner\n H, \n \n Kliebsch\n U. \n \n Dependence of weighted kappa coefficients on the number of categories. Epidemiology. 1996;7:199\u2013202."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b13","series-title":"Biometrics","first-page":"159","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis\n JR,","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis\n JR, \n \n Koch\n GG. \n \n The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33:159\u2013174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b14","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"158","article-title":"The effect of sample size and bias on the reliability of estimates of error: a comparative study of Dahlberg's formula","volume":"34","author":"Springate\n SD.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Springate\n SD. \n \n The effect of sample size and bias on the reliability of estimates of error: a comparative study of Dahlberg's formula. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:158\u2013163."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b15","series-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent","first-page":"119","article-title":"The prevalence of malocclusal traits and their correlations in mixed dentition children: results from the Italian OHSAR Survey","volume":"6","author":"Perinetti\n G,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Perinetti\n G, \n \n Cordella\n C, \n \n Pellegrini\n F, \n \n Esposito\n P. \n \n The prevalence of malocclusal traits and their correlations in mixed dentition children: results from the Italian OHSAR Survey. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2008;6:119\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","article-title":"Is the use of the cervical vertebrae maturation method justified to determine skeletal age? A comparison of radiation dose of two strategies for skeletal age estimation","author":"Patcas\n R,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patcas\n R, \n \n Signorelli\n L, \n \n Peltomaki\n T, \n \n Schatzle\n M. \n \n Is the use of the cervical vertebrae maturation method justified to determine skeletal age? A comparison of radiation dose of two strategies for skeletal age estimation. Eur J Orthod. 2012Jul30. [Epub ahead of print]."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b17","series-title":"Orthodontic Radiographs \u2014Guidelines for the Use of Radiographs in Clinical Orthodontics. 3rd ed","author":"Isaacson\n KG,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Isaacson\n KG, \n \n Thom\n AR, \n \n Horner\n K, \n \n Whaites\n E. \n \n Orthodontic Radiographs \u2014Guidelines for the Use of Radiographs in Clinical Orthodontics. 3rd ed. London, UK: British Orthodontic Society; 2008."},{"key":"i0003-3219-83-4-578-b18","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"91","article-title":"Canine impaction identified early with panoramic radiographs","volume":"123","author":"Lindauer\n SJ,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lindauer\n SJ, \n \n Rubenstein\n LK, \n \n Hang\n WM, \n \n Andersen\n WC, \n \n Isaacson\n RJ. \n \n Canine impaction identified early with panoramic radiographs. 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