{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:05:47Z","timestamp":1780067147465,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To assess the effect of piezocision on periodontal tissues and alveolar bone height and to detect lower second molar root resorption in piezocision-assisted mandibular second molar protraction compared to no-piezocision molar protraction.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n Twenty-one subjects (four males, 17 females, aged 22.43 \u00b1 2.83 years) who presented with bilateral extraction of lower first molars were included. The patients were divided into two groups; Group 1: Piezocision-assisted molar protraction (right or left side of subjects) in which piezocision was performed immediately before lower second molar protraction and, Group 2: No-piezocision molar protraction in which lower second molar protraction was not surgically assisted. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), gingival recession (GR), lower second molar mesial root resorption, alveolar bone height, and mandibular bone height were recorded at T1 (immediately before molar protraction) and at T2 (after second molar space closure).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In the piezocision-assisted molar protraction group, significant changes were detected in the WKG (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001), GR (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05), and the mandibular bone height (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001). Compared to the no-piezocision group, piezocision-assisted molar protraction resulted in an increased WKG (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001) and less second molar mesial root resorption (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .01).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Piezocision does not have any detrimental effect on the periodontium and produces less root resorption.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/090622-621.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T08:55:12Z","timestamp":1676019312000},"page":"306-312","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of piezocision-assisted lower second molar protraction on periodontal tissues, alveolar bone height, and lower second molar root resorption"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Elham S. Abu","family":"Alhaija","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwan M.","family":"Al-Areqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raed","family":"AlShami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emad F.","family":"Al Maaitah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahed Al","family":"Wahadni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b01","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"90","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment time: can it be shortened?","volume":"23","author":"Moresca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moresca\n R.\n \n \n Orthodontic treatment time: can it be shortened?\n \n Dental Press J Orthod\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;23:90\u2013105."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b02","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"37","article-title":"Duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adolescents and adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Abbing","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abbing\n A,\n \n \n Koretsi\n V,\n \n \n Eliades\n T,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN.\n \n \n Duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adolescents and adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;21:37."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b03","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"20","article-title":"Patients' and parents' concerns and decisions about orthodontic treatment","volume":"46","author":"Kazanc\u0131","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kazanc\u0131\n F,\n \n \n Aydo\u011fan\n C,\n \n \n Alkan\n \u00d6.\n \n \n Patients' and parents' concerns and decisions about orthodontic treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;46:20\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"473","article-title":"Evaluation of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics and piezocision in rapid canine retraction","volume":"149","author":"Abbas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abbas\n NH,\n \n \n Sabet\n NE,\n \n \n Hassan\n IT.\n \n \n Evaluation of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics and piezocision in rapid canine retraction.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;149:473\u2013480."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b05","series-title":"Dent Med Probl","first-page":"197","article-title":"Methods of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a review of contemporary literature","volume":"55","author":"Kacprzak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kacprzak\n A,\n \n \n Strzecki\n A.\n \n \n Methods of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a review of contemporary literature.\n\t\t\t\t\tDent Med Probl.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;55:197\u2013206."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b06","series-title":"Henry Ford Hosp Med J","first-page":"3","article-title":"The regional acceleratory phenomenon: a review","volume":"31","author":"Frost","year":"1983","unstructured":"Frost\n HM.\n \n \n The regional acceleratory phenomenon: a review.\n\t\t\t\t\tHenry Ford Hosp Med J.\n\t\t\t\t\t1983;31:3\u20139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b07","series-title":"J Clin Exp Dent","first-page":"e1078","article-title":"Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of comparative studies","volume":"11","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Figueiredo\n DS,\n \n \n Houara\n RG,\n \n \n Pinto\n LM,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of comparative studies.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Exp Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;11:e1078\u2013e1092."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b08","first-page":"348","article-title":"Piezocision: a minimally invasive, periodontally accelerated orthodontic tooth movement procedure. Compend Contin Educ Dent.","volume":"346","author":"Dibart","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dibart\n S,\n \n \n Sebaoun\n JD,\n \n \n Surmenian\n J.\n \n \n Piezocision: a minimally invasive, periodontally accelerated orthodontic tooth movement procedure. 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Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparison of piezocision and discision methods in orthodontic treatment","volume":"19","author":"Yavuz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yavuz\n MC,\n \n \n Sunar\n O,\n \n \n Buyuk\n SK,\n \n \n Kantarci\n A.\n \n \n Comparison of piezocision and discision methods in orthodontic treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg. Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;19:1\u20137."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"30","article-title":"Density of the alveolar and basal bones of the maxilla and the mandible","volume":"133","author":"Park","year":"2008","unstructured":"Park\n HS,\n \n \n Lee\n YJ,\n \n \n Jeong\n SH,\n \n \n Kwon\n TG.\n \n \n Density of the alveolar and basal bones of the maxilla and the mandible.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;133(1):30\u201337."},{"issue":"4","key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b19","first-page":"e2220503","article-title":"Comparison of second molar protraction using different application piezocision timing: a randomized clinical trial. Dental Press J Orthod.","volume":"27","author":"Abu Alhaija","year":"2022","unstructured":"Abu Alhaija\n E,\n \n \n Al-Areqi\n M,\n \n \n Al-Maaitah\n E.\n \n \n Comparison of second molar protraction using different application piezocision timing: a randomized clinical trial. Dental Press J Orthod.\n 2022;\n\t\t\t\t\t23;27(4):e2220503.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi:10.1590\/2177-6709.27.4.e2220503.oar."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b20","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"38","article-title":"The plaque control record","volume":"43","author":"O'Leary","year":"1972","unstructured":"O'Leary\n TJ,\n \n \n Drake\n RB,\n \n \n Naylor\n JE.\n \n \n The plaque control record.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Periodontol.\n\t\t\t\t\t1972;43(1):38.\n\t\t\t\t\tdoi: 10.1902\/jop.1972.43.1.38."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b21","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"533","article-title":"Periodontal disease in pregnancy 1. 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Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;96:145\u2013152."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b26","series-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res","first-page":"130","article-title":"Timeframe of socket cortication after tooth extraction: a retrospective radiographic study","volume":"29","author":"Bertl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bertl\n K,\n \n \n Kukla\n EB,\n \n \n Albugami\n R,\n \n \n Beck\n F,\n \n \n Gahleitner\n A,\n \n \n Stavropoulos\n A.\n \n \n Timeframe of socket cortication after tooth extraction: a retrospective radiographic study.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Oral Implants Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;29:130\u2013138."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b27","series-title":"J Clin Period","first-page":"1048","article-title":"Alveolar bone dimensional changes of post-extraction sockets in humans: a systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Van der Weijden","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van der Weijden\n F,\n \n \n Dell'Acqua\n F,\n \n \n Slot\n DE.\n \n \n Alveolar bone dimensional changes of post-extraction sockets in 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Sugawara\n J,\n \n \n Nanda\n R.\n \n \n Change in alveolar bone level of mandibular second and third molars after second molar protraction into missing first molar or second premolar space.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;41:513\u2013518."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b30","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"563","article-title":"Types of tooth movement, bodily or tipping, do not affect the displacement of the tooth's center of resistance but do affect the alveolar bone resorption","volume":"87","author":"Kondo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kondo\n T,\n \n \n Hotokezaka\n H,\n \n \n Hamanaka\n R,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Types of tooth movement, bodily or tipping, do not affect the displacement of the tooth's center of resistance but do affect the alveolar bone resorption.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;87:563\u2013569."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b31","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"277","article-title":"Orthodontic tooth movement into edentulous ridge areas\u2013a case series","volume":"35","author":"Lindskog-Stokland","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lindskog-Stokland\n B,\n \n \n Hansen\n K,\n \n \n Ekestubbe\n A,\n \n \n Wennstr\u00f6m\n JL.\n \n \n Orthodontic tooth movement into edentulous ridge areas\u2013a case series.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;35:277\u2013285."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b32","series-title":"J Oral Rehab","first-page":"377","article-title":"The orthodontic\u2013periodontic interrelationship in integrated treatment challenges: a systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Gkantidis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gkantidis\n N,\n \n \n Christou\n P,\n \n \n Topouzelis\n N.\n \n \n The orthodontic\u2013periodontic interrelationship in integrated treatment challenges: a systematic review.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Oral Rehab.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;37:377\u2013390."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b33","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"639","article-title":"Effect of micro-osteoperforations on the rate of tooth movement","volume":"144","author":"Alikhani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Alikhani\n M,\n \n \n Raptis\n M,\n \n \n Zoldan\n B,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Effect of micro-osteoperforations on the rate of tooth movement.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;144:639\u2013648."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b01","series-title":"Dental Press J Orthod","first-page":"90","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment time: can it be shortened?","volume":"23","author":"Moresca","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moresca\n R.\n \n \n Orthodontic treatment time: can it be shortened?\n \n Dental Press J Orthod\n .\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;23:90\u2013105."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b02","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"37","article-title":"Duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adolescents and adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Abbing","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abbing\n A,\n \n \n Koretsi\n V,\n \n \n Eliades\n T,\n \n \n Papageorgiou\n SN.\n \n \n Duration of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances in adolescents and adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020;21:37."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b03","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"20","article-title":"Patients' and parents' concerns and decisions about orthodontic treatment","volume":"46","author":"Kazanc\u0131","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kazanc\u0131\n F,\n \n \n Aydo\u011fan\n C,\n \n \n Alkan\n \u00d6.\n \n \n Patients' and parents' concerns and decisions about orthodontic treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;46:20\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"473","article-title":"Evaluation of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics and piezocision in rapid canine retraction","volume":"149","author":"Abbas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abbas\n NH,\n \n \n Sabet\n NE,\n \n \n Hassan\n IT.\n \n \n Evaluation of corticotomy-facilitated orthodontics and piezocision in rapid canine retraction.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;149:473\u2013480."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b05","series-title":"Dent Med Probl","first-page":"197","article-title":"Methods of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a review of contemporary literature","volume":"55","author":"Kacprzak","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kacprzak\n A,\n \n \n Strzecki\n A.\n \n \n Methods of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a review of contemporary literature.\n\t\t\t\t\tDent Med Probl.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;55:197\u2013206."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b06","series-title":"Henry Ford Hosp Med J","first-page":"3","article-title":"The regional acceleratory phenomenon: a review","volume":"31","author":"Frost","year":"1983","unstructured":"Frost\n HM.\n \n \n The regional acceleratory phenomenon: a review.\n\t\t\t\t\tHenry Ford Hosp Med J.\n\t\t\t\t\t1983;31:3\u20139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b07","series-title":"J Clin Exp Dent","first-page":"e1078","article-title":"Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of comparative studies","volume":"11","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Figueiredo\n DS,\n \n \n Houara\n RG,\n \n \n Pinto\n LM,\n \n et al.\n\t\t\t\t\t\n Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of comparative studies.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Exp Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;11:e1078\u2013e1092."},{"key":"i0003-3219-93-3-306-b08","first-page":"348","article-title":"Piezocision: a minimally invasive, periodontally accelerated orthodontic tooth movement procedure. Compend Contin Educ Dent.","volume":"346","author":"Dibart","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dibart\n S,\n \n \n Sebaoun\n JD,\n \n \n Surmenian\n J.\n \n \n Piezocision: a minimally invasive, periodontally accelerated orthodontic tooth movement procedure. 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