{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:12:33Z","timestamp":1790007153291,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the changes after maxillary molar distalization in Class II malocclusion using the miniscrew-anchored cantilever with an extension arm.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n The sample included 20 patients (9 male, 11 female; mean age 13.21 \u00b1 1.54 years) with Class II malocclusion, treated with the miniscrew-anchored cantilever. Lateral cephalograms and dental models obtained before (T1) and after molar distalization (T2) were evaluated using Dolphin software and 3D Slicer. Superimposition of digital dental models using regions of interest on the palate was performed to evaluate three-dimensional displacement of maxillary teeth. Intragroup change comparisons were performed using dependent\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test and Wilcoxon test (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The maxillary first molars were distalized to overcorrected Class I. The mean distalization time was 0.43 \u00b1 0.13 years. Cephalometric analysis demonstrated significant distal movement of the maxillary first premolar (\u22121.21 mm, 95% confidence interval [CI]: \u22120.45, \u22121.96) and maxillary first (\u22123.38 mm, 95% CI: \u22122.88, \u22123.87) and second molars (\u22122.12 mm, 95% CI: \u22121.53, \u22122.71). Distal movements increased progressively from the incisors to the molars. The first molar showed small intrusion (\u22120.72 mm, 95% CI: 0.49, \u22121.34). In the digital model analysis, the first and second molars showed a crown distal rotation of 19.31\u00b0 \u00b1 5.71\u00b0 and 10.17\u00b0 \u00b1 3.84\u00b0, respectively. The increase in maxillary intermolar distance, evaluated at the mesiobuccal cusps, was 2.63 \u00b1 1.56 mm.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The miniscrew-anchored cantilever was effective for maxillary molar distalization. Sagittal, lateral, and vertical movements were observed for all maxillary teeth. Distal movement was progressively greater from anterior to posterior teeth.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/091222-640.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,20]],"date-time":"2023-04-20T15:22:04Z","timestamp":1682004124000},"page":"513-523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Three-dimensional changes after maxillary molar distalization with a miniscrew-anchored cantilever"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Lorena","family":"Vilanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aron Aliaga-Del","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio Augusto","family":"Bellini-Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Fernando Castanha","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme","family":"Janson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Garib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayara Paim","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto Henrique","family":"da Costa Grec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilia","family":"Yatabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Cevidanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio Carlos","family":"Ruellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8\u201310 years of age","volume":"51","author":"McNamara","year":"1981","unstructured":"McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8\u201310 years of age.\nAngle Orthod.\n1981;\n51:\n177\u2013202."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"481","article-title":"Evaluation of maxillary molar distalization with the distal jet: a comparison with other contemporary methods","volume":"72","author":"Bolla","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bolla\n E,\n \n \n Muratore\n F,\n \n \n Carano\n A,\n \n \n Bowman\n SJ.\n \n \n Evaluation of maxillary molar distalization with the distal jet: a comparison with other contemporary methods.\nAngle Orthod.\n2002;\n72:\n481\u2013494."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"336","article-title":"Comparative distalization effects of Jones jig and pendulum appliances","volume":"135","author":"Patel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patel\n MP,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Henriques\n JF,\n \n et al.\n \n Comparative distalization effects of Jones jig and pendulum appliances.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2009;\n135:\n336\u2013342."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"602","article-title":"Intraoral distalizer effects with conventional and skeletal anchorage: a meta-analysis","volume":"143","author":"Grec","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grec\n RH,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Branco\n NC,\n \n \n Moura-Grec\n PG,\n \n \n Patel\n MP,\n \n \n Castanha Henriques\n JF.\n \n \n Intraoral distalizer effects with conventional and skeletal anchorage: a meta-analysis.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2013;\n143:\n602\u2013615."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b05","series-title":"J Clin Exp Dent","first-page":"e455","article-title":"Sagittal, rotational and transverse changes with three intraoral distalization force systems: Jones jig, distal jet and first class","volume":"13","author":"Bellini-Pereira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bellini-Pereira\n S-A,\n \n \n Aliaga-Del Castillo\n A,\n \n \n Vilanova\n L,\n \n \n Patel\n M-P,\n \n \n Reis\n R-S,\n \n \n Janson\n G.\n \n \n Sagittal, rotational and transverse changes with three intraoral distalization force systems: Jones jig, distal jet and first class.\nJ Clin Exp Dent.\n2021;\n13:\ne455."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b06","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"238","article-title":"Upper removable appliance or Jones Jig for distalizing first molars? A randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Paul","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paul\n L,\n \n \n O\u2019Brien\n K,\n \n \n Mandall\n N.\n \n \n Upper removable appliance or Jones Jig for distalizing first molars? A randomized clinical trial.\nOrthod Craniofac Res.\n2002;\n5:\n238\u2013242."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"161.e161","article-title":"Comparison of 2 distalization systems supported by intraosseous screws","volume":"131","author":"Gelgor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gelgor\n IE,\n \n \n Karaman\n AI,\n \n \n Buyukyilmaz\n T.\n \n \n Comparison of 2 distalization systems supported by intraosseous screws.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2007;\n131:\n161.e161\u2013168."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"650","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance","volume":"76","author":"Kircelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kircelli\n BH,\n \n \n Pekta\u015f\n ZO,\n \n \n Kircelli\n C.\n \n \n Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance.\nAngle Orthod.\n2006;\n76:\n650\u2013659."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"282.e281","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with the dual-force distalizer supported by mini-implants: a clinical study","volume":"135","author":"Oberti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oberti\n G,\n \n \n Villegas\n C,\n \n \n Ealo\n M,\n \n \n Palacio\n JC,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T.\n \n \n Maxillary molar distalization with the dual-force distalizer supported by mini-implants: a clinical study.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2009;\n135:\n282.e281\u2013285."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"9","article-title":"Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: success rates and postoperative discomfort","volume":"131","author":"Kuroda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuroda\n S,\n \n \n Sugawara\n Y,\n \n \n Deguchi\n T,\n \n \n Kyung\n HM,\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto\n T.\n \n \n Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: success rates and postoperative discomfort.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2007;\n131:\n9\u201315."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Distal movement of maxillary molars using a lever-arm and mini-implant system","volume":"78","author":"Lim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lim\n SM,\n \n \n Hong\n RK.\n \n \n Distal movement of maxillary molars using a lever-arm and mini-implant system.\nAngle Orthod.\n2008;\n78:\n167\u2013175."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"317","article-title":"Soft tissue profile after distal molar movement with a pendulum K-loop appliance versus cervical headgear","volume":"78","author":"Polat-Ozsoy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O,\n \n \n Gokcelik\n A,\n \n \n G\u00fcng\u00f6r-Acar\n A,\n \n \n Kircelli\n BH.\n \n \n Soft tissue profile after distal molar movement with a pendulum K-loop appliance versus cervical headgear.\nAngle Orthod.\n2008;\n78:\n317\u2013323."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b13","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"236","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of the distal movement of maxillary 1st molars in patients fitted with mini-implant-aided trans-palatal arches","volume":"45","author":"Miresmaeili","year":"2015","unstructured":"Miresmaeili\n A,\n \n \n Sajedi\n A,\n \n \n Moghimbeigi\n A,\n \n \n Farhadian\n N.\n \n \n Three-dimensional analysis of the distal movement of maxillary 1st molars in patients fitted with mini-implant-aided trans-palatal arches.\nKorean J Orthod.\n2015;\n45:\n236\u2013244."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b14","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"250","article-title":"Noncompliance screw supported maxillary molar distalization in a parallel manner","volume":"40","author":"Nal\u00e7aci","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nal\u00e7aci\n R,\n \n \n Bi\u00e7ak\u00e7i\n AA,\n \n \n Ozan\n F.\n \n \n Noncompliance screw supported maxillary molar distalization in a parallel manner.\nKorean J Orthod.\n2010;\n40:\n250\u2013259."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b15","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"183","article-title":"Superimposition of maxillary digital models using the palatal rugae: does ageing affect the reliability?","volume":"22","author":"Garib","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garib\n D,\n \n \n Miranda\n F,\n \n \n Yatabe\n MS,\n \n et al.\n \n Superimposition of maxillary digital models using the palatal rugae: does ageing affect the reliability?\n \n Orthod Craniofac Res\n .\n2019;\n22:\n183\u2013193."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b16","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod","first-page":"e8","article-title":"Two-dimensional radiographic and clinical references of the tooth crown for orthodontic mini-implant insertion: a guide-free technique","volume":"110","author":"Barros","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barros\n SE,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Chiqueto\n K,\n \n \n Garib\n DG.\n \n \n Two-dimensional radiographic and clinical references of the tooth crown for orthodontic mini-implant insertion: a guide-free technique.\nOral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod.\n2010;\n110:\ne8\u2013e16."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"578","article-title":"Efficiency of a skeletonized distal jet appliance supported by miniscrew anchorage for noncompliance maxillary molar distalization","volume":"136","author":"Kinzinger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kinzinger\n GS,\n \n \n G\u00fclden\n N,\n \n \n Yildizhan\n F,\n \n \n Diedrich\n PR.\n \n \n Efficiency of a skeletonized distal jet appliance supported by miniscrew anchorage for noncompliance maxillary molar distalization.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2009;\n136:\n578\u2013586."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"989","article-title":"Effects of zygoma-gear appliance for unilateral maxillary molar distalization: a prospective clinical study","volume":"150","author":"Kilkis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kilkis\n D,\n \n \n Celikoglu\n M,\n \n \n Nur\n M,\n \n \n Bayram\n M,\n \n \n Candirli\n C.\n \n \n Effects of zygoma-gear appliance for unilateral maxillary molar distalization: a prospective clinical study.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2016;\n150:\n989\u2013996."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"838","article-title":"Intraosseous screw-supported upper molar distalization","volume":"74","author":"Gelg\u00f6r","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gelg\u00f6r\n IE,\n \n \n B\u00fcy\u00fckyilmaz\n T,\n \n \n Karaman\n AI,\n \n \n Dolanmaz\n D,\n \n \n Kalayci\n A.\n \n \n Intraosseous screw-supported upper molar distalization.\nAngle Orthod.\n2004;\n74:\n838\u2013850."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"399","article-title":"Comparison between direct vs indirect anchorage in two miniscrew-supported distalizing devices","volume":"86","author":"Cozzani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cozzani\n M,\n \n \n Fontana\n M,\n \n \n Maino\n G,\n \n \n Maino\n G,\n \n \n Palpacelli\n L,\n \n \n Caprioglio\n A.\n \n \n Comparison between direct vs indirect anchorage in two miniscrew-supported distalizing devices.\nAngle Orthod.\n2016;\n86:\n399\u2013406."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b21","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"49","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy with erupted second molar: Segmented versus Quad Pendulum appliance","volume":"15","author":"Caprioglio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caprioglio\n A,\n \n \n Cozzani\n M,\n \n \n Fontana\n M.\n \n \n Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy with erupted second molar: Segmented versus Quad Pendulum appliance.\nProg Orthod.\n2014;\n15:\n49."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b22","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"159","article-title":"Upper-molar distalization and the distal jet","volume":"50","author":"Bowman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bowman\n SJ.\n \n \n Upper-molar distalization and the distal jet.\nJ Clin Orthod.\n2016;\n50:\n159\u2013169."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b23","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"45","article-title":"A comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews","volume":"88","author":"Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee\n SK,\n \n \n Abbas\n NH,\n \n \n Bayome\n M,\n \n et al.\n \n A comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews.\nAngle Orthod.\n2018;\n88:\n45\u201351."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b24","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"78","article-title":"Distal movement of maxillary molars using miniscrew anchorage in the buccal interradicular region","volume":"79","author":"Yamada","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yamada\n K,\n \n \n Kuroda\n S,\n \n \n Deguchi\n T,\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto\n T,\n \n \n Yamashiro\n T.\n \n \n Distal movement of maxillary molars using miniscrew anchorage in the buccal interradicular region.\nAngle Orthod.\n2009;\n79:\n78\u201384."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b25","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"188","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of tooth movements after palatal miniscrew-supported molar distalization","volume":"150","author":"Duran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Duran\n GS,\n \n \n G\u00f6rg\u00fcl\u00fc\n S,\n \n \n Dindaro\u011flu\n F.\n \n \n Three-dimensional analysis of tooth movements after palatal miniscrew-supported molar distalization.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2016;\n150:\n188\u2013197."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8\u201310 years of age","volume":"51","author":"McNamara","year":"1981","unstructured":"McNamara\n JA\n Jr.\n \n \n Components of Class II malocclusion in children 8\u201310 years of age.\nAngle Orthod.\n1981;\n51:\n177\u2013202."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b02","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"481","article-title":"Evaluation of maxillary molar distalization with the distal jet: a comparison with other contemporary methods","volume":"72","author":"Bolla","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bolla\n E,\n \n \n Muratore\n F,\n \n \n Carano\n A,\n \n \n Bowman\n SJ.\n \n \n Evaluation of maxillary molar distalization with the distal jet: a comparison with other contemporary methods.\nAngle Orthod.\n2002;\n72:\n481\u2013494."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"336","article-title":"Comparative distalization effects of Jones jig and pendulum appliances","volume":"135","author":"Patel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Patel\n MP,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Henriques\n JF,\n \n et al.\n \n Comparative distalization effects of Jones jig and pendulum appliances.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2009;\n135:\n336\u2013342."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"602","article-title":"Intraoral distalizer effects with conventional and skeletal anchorage: a meta-analysis","volume":"143","author":"Grec","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grec\n RH,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Branco\n NC,\n \n \n Moura-Grec\n PG,\n \n \n Patel\n MP,\n \n \n Castanha Henriques\n JF.\n \n \n Intraoral distalizer effects with conventional and skeletal anchorage: a meta-analysis.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2013;\n143:\n602\u2013615."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b05","series-title":"J Clin Exp Dent","first-page":"e455","article-title":"Sagittal, rotational and transverse changes with three intraoral distalization force systems: Jones jig, distal jet and first class","volume":"13","author":"Bellini-Pereira","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bellini-Pereira\n S-A,\n \n \n Aliaga-Del Castillo\n A,\n \n \n Vilanova\n L,\n \n \n Patel\n M-P,\n \n \n Reis\n R-S,\n \n \n Janson\n G.\n \n \n Sagittal, rotational and transverse changes with three intraoral distalization force systems: Jones jig, distal jet and first class.\nJ Clin Exp Dent.\n2021;\n13:\ne455."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b06","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"238","article-title":"Upper removable appliance or Jones Jig for distalizing first molars? A randomized clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Paul","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paul\n L,\n \n \n O\u2019Brien\n K,\n \n \n Mandall\n N.\n \n \n Upper removable appliance or Jones Jig for distalizing first molars? A randomized clinical trial.\nOrthod Craniofac Res.\n2002;\n5:\n238\u2013242."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"161.e161","article-title":"Comparison of 2 distalization systems supported by intraosseous screws","volume":"131","author":"Gelgor","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gelgor\n IE,\n \n \n Karaman\n AI,\n \n \n Buyukyilmaz\n T.\n \n \n Comparison of 2 distalization systems supported by intraosseous screws.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2007;\n131:\n161.e161\u2013168."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"650","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance","volume":"76","author":"Kircelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kircelli\n BH,\n \n \n Pekta\u015f\n ZO,\n \n \n Kircelli\n C.\n \n \n Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance.\nAngle Orthod.\n2006;\n76:\n650\u2013659."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"282.e281","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with the dual-force distalizer supported by mini-implants: a clinical study","volume":"135","author":"Oberti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oberti\n G,\n \n \n Villegas\n C,\n \n \n Ealo\n M,\n \n \n Palacio\n JC,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T.\n \n \n Maxillary molar distalization with the dual-force distalizer supported by mini-implants: a clinical study.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2009;\n135:\n282.e281\u2013285."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"9","article-title":"Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: success rates and postoperative discomfort","volume":"131","author":"Kuroda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kuroda\n S,\n \n \n Sugawara\n Y,\n \n \n Deguchi\n T,\n \n \n Kyung\n HM,\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto\n T.\n \n \n Clinical use of miniscrew implants as orthodontic anchorage: success rates and postoperative discomfort.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2007;\n131:\n9\u201315."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Distal movement of maxillary molars using a lever-arm and mini-implant system","volume":"78","author":"Lim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lim\n SM,\n \n \n Hong\n RK.\n \n \n Distal movement of maxillary molars using a lever-arm and mini-implant system.\nAngle Orthod.\n2008;\n78:\n167\u2013175."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b12","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"317","article-title":"Soft tissue profile after distal molar movement with a pendulum K-loop appliance versus cervical headgear","volume":"78","author":"Polat-Ozsoy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Polat-Ozsoy\n O,\n \n \n Gokcelik\n A,\n \n \n G\u00fcng\u00f6r-Acar\n A,\n \n \n Kircelli\n BH.\n \n \n Soft tissue profile after distal molar movement with a pendulum K-loop appliance versus cervical headgear.\nAngle Orthod.\n2008;\n78:\n317\u2013323."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b13","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"236","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of the distal movement of maxillary 1st molars in patients fitted with mini-implant-aided trans-palatal arches","volume":"45","author":"Miresmaeili","year":"2015","unstructured":"Miresmaeili\n A,\n \n \n Sajedi\n A,\n \n \n Moghimbeigi\n A,\n \n \n Farhadian\n N.\n \n \n Three-dimensional analysis of the distal movement of maxillary 1st molars in patients fitted with mini-implant-aided trans-palatal arches.\nKorean J Orthod.\n2015;\n45:\n236\u2013244."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b14","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"250","article-title":"Noncompliance screw supported maxillary molar distalization in a parallel manner","volume":"40","author":"Nal\u00e7aci","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nal\u00e7aci\n R,\n \n \n Bi\u00e7ak\u00e7i\n AA,\n \n \n Ozan\n F.\n \n \n Noncompliance screw supported maxillary molar distalization in a parallel manner.\nKorean J Orthod.\n2010;\n40:\n250\u2013259."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b15","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"183","article-title":"Superimposition of maxillary digital models using the palatal rugae: does ageing affect the reliability?","volume":"22","author":"Garib","year":"2019","unstructured":"Garib\n D,\n \n \n Miranda\n F,\n \n \n Yatabe\n MS,\n \n et al.\n \n Superimposition of maxillary digital models using the palatal rugae: does ageing affect the reliability?\n \n Orthod Craniofac Res\n .\n2019;\n22:\n183\u2013193."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b16","series-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod","first-page":"e8","article-title":"Two-dimensional radiographic and clinical references of the tooth crown for orthodontic mini-implant insertion: a guide-free technique","volume":"110","author":"Barros","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barros\n SE,\n \n 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Orthop","first-page":"989","article-title":"Effects of zygoma-gear appliance for unilateral maxillary molar distalization: a prospective clinical study","volume":"150","author":"Kilkis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kilkis\n D,\n \n \n Celikoglu\n M,\n \n \n Nur\n M,\n \n \n Bayram\n M,\n \n \n Candirli\n C.\n \n \n Effects of zygoma-gear appliance for unilateral maxillary molar distalization: a prospective clinical study.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2016;\n150:\n989\u2013996."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b19","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"838","article-title":"Intraosseous screw-supported upper molar distalization","volume":"74","author":"Gelg\u00f6r","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gelg\u00f6r\n IE,\n \n \n B\u00fcy\u00fckyilmaz\n T,\n \n \n Karaman\n AI,\n \n \n Dolanmaz\n D,\n \n \n Kalayci\n A.\n \n \n Intraosseous screw-supported upper molar distalization.\nAngle Orthod.\n2004;\n74:\n838\u2013850."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"399","article-title":"Comparison between direct vs indirect anchorage in two miniscrew-supported distalizing devices","volume":"86","author":"Cozzani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cozzani\n M,\n \n \n Fontana\n M,\n \n \n Maino\n G,\n \n \n Maino\n G,\n \n \n Palpacelli\n L,\n \n \n Caprioglio\n A.\n \n \n Comparison between direct vs indirect anchorage in two miniscrew-supported distalizing devices.\nAngle Orthod.\n2016;\n86:\n399\u2013406."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b21","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"49","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy with erupted second molar: Segmented versus Quad Pendulum appliance","volume":"15","author":"Caprioglio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caprioglio\n A,\n \n \n Cozzani\n M,\n \n \n Fontana\n M.\n \n \n Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy with erupted second molar: Segmented versus Quad Pendulum appliance.\nProg Orthod.\n2014;\n15:\n49."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b22","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"159","article-title":"Upper-molar distalization and the distal jet","volume":"50","author":"Bowman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bowman\n SJ.\n \n \n Upper-molar distalization and the distal jet.\nJ Clin Orthod.\n2016;\n50:\n159\u2013169."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b23","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"45","article-title":"A comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews","volume":"88","author":"Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee\n SK,\n \n \n Abbas\n NH,\n \n \n Bayome\n M,\n \n et al.\n \n A comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews.\nAngle Orthod.\n2018;\n88:\n45\u201351."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b24","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"78","article-title":"Distal movement of maxillary molars using miniscrew anchorage in the buccal interradicular region","volume":"79","author":"Yamada","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yamada\n K,\n \n \n Kuroda\n S,\n \n \n Deguchi\n T,\n \n \n Takano-Yamamoto\n T,\n \n \n Yamashiro\n T.\n \n \n Distal movement of maxillary molars using miniscrew anchorage in the buccal interradicular region.\nAngle Orthod.\n2009;\n79:\n78\u201384."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-5-513-b25","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"188","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of tooth movements after palatal miniscrew-supported molar distalization","volume":"150","author":"Duran","year":"2016","unstructured":"Duran\n GS,\n \n \n G\u00f6rg\u00fcl\u00fc\n S,\n \n \n Dindaro\u011flu\n F.\n \n \n Three-dimensional analysis of tooth movements after palatal miniscrew-supported molar distalization.\nAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n2016;\n150:\n188\u2013197."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/93\/5\/article-p513.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.2319\/091222-640.1\/3259050\/i1945-7103-93-5-513.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/93\/5\/article-p513.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/93\/5\/article-p513.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:30:42Z","timestamp":1780065042000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/93\/5\/article-p513.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/091222-640.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}