{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:04:41Z","timestamp":1780067081221,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify pretreatment malocclusion traits that may influence treatment duration and to assess the correlation between these factors and overall treatment duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 1430 patients who completed orthodontic treatment between July 2013 and March 2022. A comprehensive evaluation of patient records was conducted, and data related to the initial malocclusion and its associated traits were extracted, including 13 parameters such as Angle\u2019s classification, overjet, overbite, open bite, and crowding.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Severe overjet (&gt;9 mm) and reverse overjet were significantly associated with longer treatment duration. Increased overbite was also associated with longer treatment duration, with deep impinging overbite requiring an additional 6 months compared with an average overbite (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). Bilateral posterior crossbite significantly increased mean treatment duration by 4.76 months (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). Additionally, a midline shift &gt; 3 mm was associated with a 2.3-month increase in mean treatment duration (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .009).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe malocclusion traits including increased overjet, reverse overjet, deep overbite, and open bite were strongly linked to longer treatment duration. Similarly, crowding, crossbites, and midline shifts also contributed to extended treatment duration. The presence of missing or impacted teeth, particularly impacted canines and central incisors, led to significant delays in treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/091925-783.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:51:53Z","timestamp":1770771113000},"page":"263-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of different malocclusion traits on overall orthodontic treatment duration"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Sarah","family":"Abu Arqub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Orthodontics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL and Adjunct Professor, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Growth and Development, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Neb."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyad","family":"AlOmari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Conn."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Ling","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor and Statistician, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Conn."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhur","family":"Upadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Conn."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumit","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chair, Department of Growth and Development, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Neb."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"308","article-title":"How long does treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances last? A systematic review","volume":"149","author":"Tsichlaki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsichlaki A,\nChin SY,\nPandis N,\nFleming PS. How long does treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances last? A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149(3):308\u2013318."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b02","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"24","article-title":"A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies","volume":"19","author":"Ke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ke Y,\nZhu Y,\nZhu M. A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):24."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b03","series-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol","first-page":"62","article-title":"The time-factor in orthodontics: what influences the duration of treatments in National Health Service practices","volume":"29","author":"Turbill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Turbill EA,\nRichmond S,\nWright JL. The time-factor in orthodontics: what influences the duration of treatments in National Health Service practices? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2001;29(1):62\u201372."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b04","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"71","article-title":"Orthodontics. Part 6: risks in orthodontic treatment","volume":"196","author":"Travess","year":"2004","unstructured":"Travess H,\nRoberts-Harry D,\nSandy J. Orthodontics. Part 6: risks in orthodontic treatment. Br Dent J. 2004;196(2):71\u201377."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"230","article-title":"Factors influencing treatment time in orthodontic patients","volume":"129","author":"Skidmore","year":"2006","unstructured":"Skidmore KJ,\nBrook KJ,\nThomson WM,\nHarding WJ. Factors influencing treatment time in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129(2):230\u2013238."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"523","article-title":"Age effects on orthodontic treatment: adolescents contrasted with adults","volume":"100","author":"Dyer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dyer GS,\nHarris EF,\nVaden JL. Age effects on orthodontic treatment: adolescents contrasted with adults. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;100(6):523\u2013530."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"9.e1\u201313","article-title":"Treatment complexity index for assessing the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes in a graduate orthodontics clinic","volume":"133","author":"Vu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vu CQ,\nRoberts WE,\nHartsfield JK Jr,\nOfner S. Treatment complexity index for assessing the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes in a graduate orthodontics clinic. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133(1):9.e1\u201313."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"45","article-title":"The duration of orthodontic treatment with and without extractions: a pilot study of five selected practices","volume":"97","author":"Vig","year":"1990","unstructured":"Vig PS,\nWeintraub JA,\nBrown C,\nKowalski CJ. The duration of orthodontic treatment with and without extractions: a pilot study of five selected practices. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990;97(1):45\u201351."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b09","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"335","article-title":"Factors associated with the standard and duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"23","author":"Taylor","year":"1996","unstructured":"Taylor PJ,\nKerr WJ,\nMcColl JH. Factors associated with the standard and duration of orthodontic treatment. Br J Orthod. 1996;23(4):335\u2013341."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b10","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"127","article-title":"Efficiency, effectiveness and treatment stability of clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng M,\nLiu R,\nNi Z,\nYu Z. Efficiency, effectiveness and treatment stability of clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2017;20(3):127\u2013133."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"533","article-title":"Influence of severity of malocclusion on the duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"63","author":"Grewe","year":"1973","unstructured":"Grewe JM,\nHermanson PC. Influence of severity of malocclusion on the duration of orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod. 1973;63(5):533\u2013536."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b12","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"207","article-title":"Serial extraction or premolar extraction in the permanent dentition? Comparison of duration and outcome of orthodontic treatment","volume":"61","author":"Wagner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wagner M,\nBerg R. Serial extraction or premolar extraction in the permanent dentition? Comparison of duration and outcome of orthodontic treatment. J Orofac Orthop. 2000;61(3):207\u2013216."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"383","article-title":"Effectiveness and duration of orthodontic treatment in adults and adolescents","volume":"114","author":"Robb","year":"1998","unstructured":"Robb SI,\nSadowsky C,\nSchneider BJ,\nBeGole EA. Effectiveness and duration of orthodontic treatment in adults and adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114(4):383\u2013386."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"778","article-title":"Effect of malocclusion on adults seeking orthodontic treatment","volume":"152","author":"Neely","year":"2017","unstructured":"Neely ML,\nMiller R,\nRich SE,\nWill LA,\nWright WG,\nJones JA. Effect of malocclusion on adults seeking orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017;152(6):778\u2013787."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b15","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"163","article-title":"Does patient age affect duration or success of orthodontic treatment","volume":"74","author":"Vayda","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vayda D,\nKorch S,\nWeyant R,\nVig K,\nVig P. Does patient age affect duration or success of orthodontic treatment. J Dent Res. 1995;74:163\u2013163."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"263","article-title":"Can socioeconomic and psychosocial factors predict the duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"42","author":"Nakhleh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakhleh K,\nJoury E,\nDean R,\nMarcenes W,\nJohal A. Can socioeconomic and psychosocial factors predict the duration of orthodontic treatment? Eur J Orthod. 2020;42(3):263\u2013269."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b17","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"3355","article-title":"Classes I, II and III differences in severity, duration and orthodontic results","volume":"75","author":"Wenger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wenger R,\nDouangpanya S,\nVig K,\nBeck M,\nVig P. Classes I, II and III differences in severity, duration and orthodontic results. J Dent Res. 1996;75:3355."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"329","article-title":"The effectiveness of Class II, division 1 treatment","volume":"107","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"1995","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien KD,\nRobbins R,\nVig KW,\nVig PS,\nShnorhokian H,\nWeyant R. The effectiveness of Class II, division 1 treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;107(3):329\u2013334."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"657","article-title":"Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment","volume":"125","author":"Tulloch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tulloch JF,\nProffit WR,\nPhillips C. Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125(6):657\u2013667."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device versus intermaxillary elastics","volume":"78","author":"Jones","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones G,\nBuschang PH,\nKim KB,\nOliver DR. Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device versus intermaxillary elastics. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(2):332\u2013338."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b21","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"219","article-title":"Class II correction-reducing patient compliance: a review of the available techniques","volume":"27","author":"McSherry","year":"2000","unstructured":"McSherry PF,\nBradley H. Class II correction-reducing patient compliance: a review of the available techniques. J Orthod. 2000;27(3):219\u2013225."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b22","series-title":"Dent Clin North Am","first-page":"67","article-title":"Correction of deep overbite in adults","volume":"41","author":"Nanda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nanda R. Correction of deep overbite in adults. Dent Clin North Am. 1997;41(1):67\u201387."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"29","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation of the anterior open bite treatment","volume":"115","author":"Chang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chang YI,\nMoon SC. Cephalometric evaluation of the anterior open bite treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;115(1):29\u201338."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e137","article-title":"The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network adult anterior open bite study: treatment success","volume":"158","author":"Todoki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Todoki LS,\nFinkleman SA,\nFunkhouser E, et al. The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network adult anterior open bite study: treatment success. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2020;158(6):e137\u2013e150."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b25","series-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dent","first-page":"233","article-title":"Review of etiology of posterior open bite: is there a possible genetic cause","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang W,\nShan B,\nAng BS,\nKo J,\nBloomstein RD,\nCangialosi TJ. Review of etiology of posterior open bite: is there a possible genetic cause? Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2020;12:233\u2013240."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b26","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"45","article-title":"The duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"102","author":"Fink","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fink DF,\nSmith RJ. The duration of orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;102(1):45\u201351."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b27","series-title":"Clin Orthod Res","first-page":"147","article-title":"Orthodontic process and outcome: efficacy studies\u2014strategies for developing process and outcome measures: a new era in orthodontics","volume":"1","author":"Vig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vig KW,\nWeyant R,\nVayda D,\nO\u2019Brien K,\nBennett E. Orthodontic process and outcome: efficacy studies\u2014strategies for developing process and outcome measures: a new era in orthodontics. Clin Orthod Res. 1998;1(2):147\u2013155."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b28","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"160","article-title":"Treatment duration by morphology and location of impacted maxillary canines: a cone-beam computed tomography investigation","volume":"166","author":"Goh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goh PKT,\nPulemotov A,\nNguyen H,\nPinto N,\nOlive R. Treatment duration by morphology and location of impacted maxillary canines: a cone-beam computed tomography investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2024;166(2):160\u2013170."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b29","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"391","article-title":"Influence of maxillary canine impaction characteristics and factors associated with orthodontic treatment on the duration of active orthodontic traction","volume":"156","author":"Arriola-Guill\u00e9n","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arriola-Guill\u00e9n LE,\nAliaga-Del Castillo A,\nRu\u00edz-Mora GA,\nRodr\u00edguez-C\u00e1rdenas YA,\nDias-Da Silveira HL. Influence of maxillary canine impaction characteristics and factors associated with orthodontic treatment on the duration of active orthodontic traction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2019;156(3):391\u2013400."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b30","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"19183","article-title":"Radiographical characteristics and traction duration of impacted maxillary canine requiring surgical exposure and orthodontic traction: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang JS,\nCha JY,\nLee JY,\nChoi SH. Radiographical characteristics and traction duration of impacted maxillary canine requiring surgical exposure and orthodontic traction: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):19183."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"308","article-title":"How long does treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances last? A systematic review","volume":"149","author":"Tsichlaki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsichlaki A,\nChin SY,\nPandis N,\nFleming PS. How long does treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances last? A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149(3):308\u2013318."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b02","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"24","article-title":"A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies","volume":"19","author":"Ke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ke Y,\nZhu Y,\nZhu M. A comparison of treatment effectiveness between clear aligner and fixed appliance therapies. BMC Oral Health. 2019;19(1):24."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b03","series-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol","first-page":"62","article-title":"The time-factor in orthodontics: what influences the duration of treatments in National Health Service practices","volume":"29","author":"Turbill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Turbill EA,\nRichmond S,\nWright JL. The time-factor in orthodontics: what influences the duration of treatments in National Health Service practices? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2001;29(1):62\u201372."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b04","series-title":"Br Dent J","first-page":"71","article-title":"Orthodontics. Part 6: risks in orthodontic treatment","volume":"196","author":"Travess","year":"2004","unstructured":"Travess H,\nRoberts-Harry D,\nSandy J. Orthodontics. Part 6: risks in orthodontic treatment. Br Dent J. 2004;196(2):71\u201377."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"230","article-title":"Factors influencing treatment time in orthodontic patients","volume":"129","author":"Skidmore","year":"2006","unstructured":"Skidmore KJ,\nBrook KJ,\nThomson WM,\nHarding WJ. Factors influencing treatment time in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129(2):230\u2013238."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"523","article-title":"Age effects on orthodontic treatment: adolescents contrasted with adults","volume":"100","author":"Dyer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dyer GS,\nHarris EF,\nVaden JL. Age effects on orthodontic treatment: adolescents contrasted with adults. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1991;100(6):523\u2013530."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"9.e1\u201313","article-title":"Treatment complexity index for assessing the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes in a graduate orthodontics clinic","volume":"133","author":"Vu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Vu CQ,\nRoberts WE,\nHartsfield JK Jr,\nOfner S. Treatment complexity index for assessing the relationship of treatment duration and outcomes in a graduate orthodontics clinic. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008;133(1):9.e1\u201313."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"45","article-title":"The duration of orthodontic treatment with and without extractions: a pilot study of five selected practices","volume":"97","author":"Vig","year":"1990","unstructured":"Vig PS,\nWeintraub JA,\nBrown C,\nKowalski CJ. The duration of orthodontic treatment with and without extractions: a pilot study of five selected practices. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990;97(1):45\u201351."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b09","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"335","article-title":"Factors associated with the standard and duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"23","author":"Taylor","year":"1996","unstructured":"Taylor PJ,\nKerr WJ,\nMcColl JH. Factors associated with the standard and duration of orthodontic treatment. Br J Orthod. 1996;23(4):335\u2013341."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b10","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"127","article-title":"Efficiency, effectiveness and treatment stability of clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng M,\nLiu R,\nNi Z,\nYu Z. Efficiency, effectiveness and treatment stability of clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2017;20(3):127\u2013133."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"533","article-title":"Influence of severity of malocclusion on the duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"63","author":"Grewe","year":"1973","unstructured":"Grewe JM,\nHermanson PC. Influence of severity of malocclusion on the duration of orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod. 1973;63(5):533\u2013536."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b12","series-title":"J Orofac Orthop","first-page":"207","article-title":"Serial extraction or premolar extraction in the permanent dentition? Comparison of duration and outcome of orthodontic treatment","volume":"61","author":"Wagner","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wagner M,\nBerg R. Serial extraction or premolar extraction in the permanent dentition? Comparison of duration and outcome of orthodontic treatment. J Orofac Orthop. 2000;61(3):207\u2013216."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"383","article-title":"Effectiveness and duration of orthodontic treatment in adults and adolescents","volume":"114","author":"Robb","year":"1998","unstructured":"Robb SI,\nSadowsky C,\nSchneider BJ,\nBeGole EA. Effectiveness and duration of orthodontic treatment in adults and adolescents. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114(4):383\u2013386."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"778","article-title":"Effect of malocclusion on adults seeking orthodontic treatment","volume":"152","author":"Neely","year":"2017","unstructured":"Neely ML,\nMiller R,\nRich SE,\nWill LA,\nWright WG,\nJones JA. Effect of malocclusion on adults seeking orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017;152(6):778\u2013787."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b15","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"163","article-title":"Does patient age affect duration or success of orthodontic treatment","volume":"74","author":"Vayda","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vayda D,\nKorch S,\nWeyant R,\nVig K,\nVig P. Does patient age affect duration or success of orthodontic treatment. J Dent Res. 1995;74:163\u2013163."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b16","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"263","article-title":"Can socioeconomic and psychosocial factors predict the duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"42","author":"Nakhleh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakhleh K,\nJoury E,\nDean R,\nMarcenes W,\nJohal A. Can socioeconomic and psychosocial factors predict the duration of orthodontic treatment? Eur J Orthod. 2020;42(3):263\u2013269."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b17","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"3355","article-title":"Classes I, II and III differences in severity, duration and orthodontic results","volume":"75","author":"Wenger","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wenger R,\nDouangpanya S,\nVig K,\nBeck M,\nVig P. Classes I, II and III differences in severity, duration and orthodontic results. J Dent Res. 1996;75:3355."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"329","article-title":"The effectiveness of Class II, division 1 treatment","volume":"107","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"1995","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien KD,\nRobbins R,\nVig KW,\nVig PS,\nShnorhokian H,\nWeyant R. The effectiveness of Class II, division 1 treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1995;107(3):329\u2013334."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"657","article-title":"Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment","volume":"125","author":"Tulloch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tulloch JF,\nProffit WR,\nPhillips C. Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125(6):657\u2013667."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b20","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"332","article-title":"Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device versus intermaxillary elastics","volume":"78","author":"Jones","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jones G,\nBuschang PH,\nKim KB,\nOliver DR. Class II non-extraction patients treated with the Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device versus intermaxillary elastics. Angle Orthod. 2008;78(2):332\u2013338."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b21","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"219","article-title":"Class II correction-reducing patient compliance: a review of the available techniques","volume":"27","author":"McSherry","year":"2000","unstructured":"McSherry PF,\nBradley H. Class II correction-reducing patient compliance: a review of the available techniques. J Orthod. 2000;27(3):219\u2013225."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b22","series-title":"Dent Clin North Am","first-page":"67","article-title":"Correction of deep overbite in adults","volume":"41","author":"Nanda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nanda R. Correction of deep overbite in adults. Dent Clin North Am. 1997;41(1):67\u201387."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b23","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"29","article-title":"Cephalometric evaluation of the anterior open bite treatment","volume":"115","author":"Chang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chang YI,\nMoon SC. Cephalometric evaluation of the anterior open bite treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;115(1):29\u201338."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e137","article-title":"The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network adult anterior open bite study: treatment success","volume":"158","author":"Todoki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Todoki LS,\nFinkleman SA,\nFunkhouser E, et al. The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network adult anterior open bite study: treatment success. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2020;158(6):e137\u2013e150."},{"key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b25","series-title":"Clin Cosmet Investig Dent","first-page":"233","article-title":"Review of etiology of posterior open bite: is there a possible genetic cause","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang W,\nShan B,\nAng BS,\nKo J,\nBloomstein RD,\nCangialosi TJ. Review of etiology of posterior open bite: is there a possible genetic cause? Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2020;12:233\u2013240."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b26","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"45","article-title":"The duration of orthodontic treatment","volume":"102","author":"Fink","year":"1992","unstructured":"Fink DF,\nSmith RJ. The duration of orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1992;102(1):45\u201351."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b27","series-title":"Clin Orthod Res","first-page":"147","article-title":"Orthodontic process and outcome: efficacy studies\u2014strategies for developing process and outcome measures: a new era in orthodontics","volume":"1","author":"Vig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vig KW,\nWeyant R,\nVayda D,\nO\u2019Brien K,\nBennett E. Orthodontic process and outcome: efficacy studies\u2014strategies for developing process and outcome measures: a new era in orthodontics. Clin Orthod Res. 1998;1(2):147\u2013155."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b28","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"160","article-title":"Treatment duration by morphology and location of impacted maxillary canines: a cone-beam computed tomography investigation","volume":"166","author":"Goh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Goh PKT,\nPulemotov A,\nNguyen H,\nPinto N,\nOlive R. Treatment duration by morphology and location of impacted maxillary canines: a cone-beam computed tomography investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2024;166(2):160\u2013170."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b29","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"391","article-title":"Influence of maxillary canine impaction characteristics and factors associated with orthodontic treatment on the duration of active orthodontic traction","volume":"156","author":"Arriola-Guill\u00e9n","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arriola-Guill\u00e9n LE,\nAliaga-Del Castillo A,\nRu\u00edz-Mora GA,\nRodr\u00edguez-C\u00e1rdenas YA,\nDias-Da Silveira HL. Influence of maxillary canine impaction characteristics and factors associated with orthodontic treatment on the duration of active orthodontic traction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2019;156(3):391\u2013400."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1945-7103-96-3-263-b30","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"19183","article-title":"Radiographical characteristics and traction duration of impacted maxillary canine requiring surgical exposure and orthodontic traction: a cross-sectional study","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang JS,\nCha JY,\nLee JY,\nChoi SH. Radiographical characteristics and traction duration of impacted maxillary canine requiring surgical exposure and orthodontic traction: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):19183."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/96\/3\/article-p263.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/96\/3\/article-p263.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/96\/3\/article-p263.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:12:11Z","timestamp":1780063931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/96\/3\/article-p263.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/091925-783.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}}}