{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:57:11Z","timestamp":1780484231850,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between the stages of dental formation and the timing of eruption of mandibular second premolars.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The sample comprised panoramic radiographs of 25 children, 7 to 12\u00a0years old, observed by space supervision during development of dentition. The initial radiograph (T1) was taken in the mixed dentition period and the progress radiograph (T2) close to the eruption of mandibular second premolars. The stages of dental formation were determined by the proportion between crown length and total length (CL\/TL) as well by the Simpson and Kunos index. Average values between right and left sides (35, 45) were correlated to the time elapsed until dental eruption (T2-T1). Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The proportion CL\/TL presented higher correlation index with time to eruption than the Simpson and Kunos index. The linear regression equation for prediction of timing of eruption showed high coefficient of determination, low deviation, and good accuracy. According to survival analysis, mean deviation at 95% confidence level was between 3.6 and 6.4\u00a0months. There was no difference in contralateral measurements, with high intraclass correlation coefficient for both CL\/TL proportion and Simpson and Kunos index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>More advanced stages of dental formation indicate less time until dental eruption. The strong correlation with crown length\/total length proportion (CL\/TL) provides a linear regression equation for prediction of the timing of eruption of mandibular second premolars.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/092111-600.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,4]],"date-time":"2012-04-04T17:54:55Z","timestamp":1333562095000},"page":"1067-1070","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["How to predict the timing of eruption of mandibular second premolars"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Eduardo Martinelli","family":"de Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline Bom","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice of Orthodontics, Uruguaiana, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura L\u00fctz","family":"de Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student (Master in Orthodontics), School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana Maria Deon","family":"Rizzatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando Lima","family":"Martinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b01","series-title":"Orthodontics: Current Principles and Technique","first-page":"422","article-title":"Interceptive guidance of occlusion with emphasis on diagnosis.","author":"Dale, M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dale, M.\n          \n          Interceptive guidance of occlusion with emphasis on diagnosis.\n          In\n          \n            \n              Graber, T. M. and R. L. J.Vanarsdall. eds.Orthodontics: Current Principles and Technique. St Louis, MoMosby. 2005. 422\u2013439."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"554","article-title":"A radiographic study of dental eruption.","volume":"80","author":"Feasby, W. H.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Feasby, W. H.\n          \n          A radiographic study of dental eruption.\n          Am J Orthod\n          1981. 80:554\u2013560."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b03","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"1110","article-title":"Sexual differences in dental development and prediction of emergence.","volume":"59","author":"Demirjian, A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Demirjian, A. and G. Y.Levesque. Sexual differences in dental development and prediction of emergence.J Dent Res1980. 59:1110\u20131122."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b04","series-title":"J Den Res","first-page":"573","article-title":"Prediction of tooth emergence.","volume":"41","author":"Gr\u00f8n, A. M.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Gr\u00f8n, A. M.\n          \n          Prediction of tooth emergence.\n          J Den Res\n          1962. 41:573\u2013585."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"38","article-title":"The daily rhythm of tooth eruption.","volume":"107","author":"Lee, C. F.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lee, C. F. and W. R.Proffit. The daily rhythm of tooth eruption.Am J Orthod1995. 107:38\u201347."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b06","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"249","article-title":"The effect of premature loss of deciduous molar on premolar eruption.","volume":"35","author":"Posen, A. L.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Posen, A. 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A radiographic study of the development of the human mandibular dentition.J Hum Evol1998. 35:479\u2013505."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b09","series-title":"Acta Odontol Scand","first-page":"229","article-title":"The effect of early loss of primary molars on tooth eruption and space conditions. A longitudinal study.","volume":"35","author":"R\u00f6nnerman, A.","year":"1977","unstructured":"R\u00f6nnerman, A.\n          \n          The effect of early loss of primary molars on tooth eruption and space conditions. A longitudinal study.\n          Acta Odontol Scand\n          1977. 35:229\u2013239."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"279","article-title":"The influence of premature loss of deciduous molar and the eruption of their successors.","volume":"33","author":"Sleitcher, C. G.","year":"1963","unstructured":"Sleitcher, C. 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Rio de Janeiro, BrazilGuanabara Koogan. 2000."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b13","series-title":"Ortodontia","first-page":"29","article-title":"Variabilidade das fases de forma\u00e7\u00e3o e erup\u00e7\u00e3o dos dentes permanentes.","volume":"23","author":"Souza Freitas, J. A. S.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Souza Freitas, J. A. S., E. S.Lopes, L. C.Alvares, and P. Z.Freitas. Variabilidade das fases de forma\u00e7\u00e3o e erup\u00e7\u00e3o dos dentes permanentes.Ortodontia1990. 23:29\u201339."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"331","article-title":"Can crown-root ratio predict premolar eruption?","volume":"129","author":"Rowlands, P.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rowlands, P., R.Poling, D.Slater, R.Hobson, and N.Steen. Can crown-root ratio predict premolar eruption?Am J Orthod2006. 129:331\u2013336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b15","series-title":"Current Paediatrics","first-page":"295","article-title":"The development of dental occlusion.","volume":"10","author":"Oliver, R. G.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Oliver, R. G. and B. J.Moxham. The development of dental occlusion.Current Paediatrics2000. 10:295\u2013300."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"340","article-title":"Mandibular permanent first molar and incisor width as predictor of mandibular canine and premolar width.","volume":"132","author":"Melga\u00e7o, C. A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Melga\u00e7o, C. A., M. T. S.Ara\u00fajo, and A. C. O.Ruellas. Mandibular permanent first molar and incisor width as predictor of mandibular canine and premolar width.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2007. 132:340\u2013345."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b17","series-title":"Epidemiologia e Bioestat\u00edstica em Odontologia. 1st ed","author":"Raggio, L. R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Raggio, L. R., A. J. L.Costa, and P.Nadanovsky. Epidemiologia e Bioestat\u00edstica em Odontologia. 1st ed. S\u00e3o Paulo, BrazilAtheneu. 2008."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"805","article-title":"Prediction of lower permanent canine and premolars width by correlation methods.","volume":"75","author":"Martinelli, F. L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martinelli, F. L., E. M. S.Lima, R.Rocha, and M.Souza Tierre-Araujo. Prediction of lower permanent canine and premolars width by correlation methods.Angle Orthod2005. 75:805\u2013808."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b19","series-title":"Handbook of Orthodontics","author":"Moyers, R. E.","unstructured":"Moyers, R. E.\n          \n          Handbook of Orthodontics\n          4th ed. Chicago, IL: Year Book Publishers. 1998."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b20","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"798","article-title":"The prediction of the size of unerupted canine and premolars in a contemporary orthodontic population.","volume":"88","author":"Tanaka, M. M.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Tanaka, M. M. and L. E.Johnston. The prediction of the size of unerupted canine and premolars in a contemporary orthodontic population.J Am Dent Assoc1974. 88:798\u2013801."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"68","article-title":"Statistics on eruption of the permanent dentition from serial data for North American white children.","volume":"36","author":"Knot, V. B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Knot, V. B. and H. V.Meredith. Statistics on eruption of the permanent dentition from serial data for North American white children.Angle Orthod1966. 36:68\u201379."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b22","series-title":"J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"The development of the permanent teeth.","volume":"27","author":"Nolla, C. M.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Nolla, C. M.\n          \n          The development of the permanent teeth.\n          J Dent Child\n          1960. 27:254\u2013266."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b23","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Ortod","first-page":"125","article-title":"Compara\u00e7\u00e3o das predi\u00e7\u00f5es dos di\u00e2metros mesio-distais de pr\u00e9-molares e caninos permanentes mandibulares com seus valores reais.","volume":"2","author":"Lima, E. M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lima, E. M. and M. E.Monnerat. Compara\u00e7\u00e3o das predi\u00e7\u00f5es dos di\u00e2metros mesio-distais de pr\u00e9-molares e caninos permanentes mandibulares com seus valores reais.Rev Soc Bras Ortod1993. 2:125\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"569","article-title":"Treatment of crowding in the mixed dentition.","volume":"121","author":"Gianelly, A. A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gianelly, A. A.\n          \n          Treatment of crowding in the mixed dentition.\n          Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop\n          2002. 121:569\u2013571."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b01","series-title":"Orthodontics: Current Principles and Technique","first-page":"422","article-title":"Interceptive guidance of occlusion with emphasis on diagnosis.","author":"Dale, M.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dale, M.\n          \n          Interceptive guidance of occlusion with emphasis on diagnosis.\n          In\n          \n            \n              Graber, T. M. and R. L. J.Vanarsdall. eds.Orthodontics: Current Principles and Technique. St Louis, MoMosby. 2005. 422\u2013439."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"554","article-title":"A radiographic study of dental eruption.","volume":"80","author":"Feasby, W. H.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Feasby, W. H.\n          \n          A radiographic study of dental eruption.\n          Am J Orthod\n          1981. 80:554\u2013560."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b03","series-title":"J Dent Res","first-page":"1110","article-title":"Sexual differences in dental development and prediction of emergence.","volume":"59","author":"Demirjian, A.","year":"1980","unstructured":"Demirjian, A. and G. Y.Levesque. Sexual differences in dental development and prediction of emergence.J Dent Res1980. 59:1110\u20131122."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b04","series-title":"J Den Res","first-page":"573","article-title":"Prediction of tooth emergence.","volume":"41","author":"Gr\u00f8n, A. M.","year":"1962","unstructured":"Gr\u00f8n, A. 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Can crown-root ratio predict premolar eruption?Am J Orthod2006. 129:331\u2013336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b15","series-title":"Current Paediatrics","first-page":"295","article-title":"The development of dental occlusion.","volume":"10","author":"Oliver, R. G.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Oliver, R. G. and B. J.Moxham. The development of dental occlusion.Current Paediatrics2000. 10:295\u2013300."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b16","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"340","article-title":"Mandibular permanent first molar and incisor width as predictor of mandibular canine and premolar width.","volume":"132","author":"Melga\u00e7o, C. A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Melga\u00e7o, C. A., M. T. S.Ara\u00fajo, and A. C. O.Ruellas. Mandibular permanent first molar and incisor width as predictor of mandibular canine and premolar width.Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop2007. 132:340\u2013345."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b17","series-title":"Epidemiologia e Bioestat\u00edstica em Odontologia. 1st ed","author":"Raggio, L. R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Raggio, L. R., A. J. L.Costa, and P.Nadanovsky. Epidemiologia e Bioestat\u00edstica em Odontologia. 1st ed. S\u00e3o Paulo, BrazilAtheneu. 2008."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"805","article-title":"Prediction of lower permanent canine and premolars width by correlation methods.","volume":"75","author":"Martinelli, F. L.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martinelli, F. L., E. M. S.Lima, R.Rocha, and M.Souza Tierre-Araujo. 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The prediction of the size of unerupted canine and premolars in a contemporary orthodontic population.J Am Dent Assoc1974. 88:798\u2013801."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"68","article-title":"Statistics on eruption of the permanent dentition from serial data for North American white children.","volume":"36","author":"Knot, V. B.","year":"1966","unstructured":"Knot, V. B. and H. V.Meredith. Statistics on eruption of the permanent dentition from serial data for North American white children.Angle Orthod1966. 36:68\u201379."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b22","series-title":"J Dent Child","first-page":"254","article-title":"The development of the permanent teeth.","volume":"27","author":"Nolla, C. M.","year":"1960","unstructured":"Nolla, C. M.\n          \n          The development of the permanent teeth.\n          J Dent Child\n          1960. 27:254\u2013266."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b23","series-title":"Rev Soc Bras Ortod","first-page":"125","article-title":"Compara\u00e7\u00e3o das predi\u00e7\u00f5es dos di\u00e2metros mesio-distais de pr\u00e9-molares e caninos permanentes mandibulares com seus valores reais.","volume":"2","author":"Lima, E. M.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lima, E. M. and M. E.Monnerat. Compara\u00e7\u00e3o das predi\u00e7\u00f5es dos di\u00e2metros mesio-distais de pr\u00e9-molares e caninos permanentes mandibulares com seus valores reais.Rev Soc Bras Ortod1993. 2:125\u2013129."},{"key":"i0003-3219-82-6-1067-b24","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"569","article-title":"Treatment of crowding in the mixed dentition.","volume":"121","author":"Gianelly, A. A.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gianelly, A. 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