{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T13:12:01Z","timestamp":1785330721736,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A double J retractor (DJR) and palatal miniscrews were used to retract maxillary anterior teeth after failure of buccal posterior miniscrews. The line of action passing through the center of resistance of the maxillary anterior teeth and the moment generated by the palatal miniscrews via torquing springs successfully controlled the overbite and incisor torque during space closure. The DJR and palatal miniscrews work well with labial fixed appliances to address bimaxillary protrusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/092621-725.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T11:21:16Z","timestamp":1644837676000},"page":"562-572","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Torque control of maxillary anterior teeth with the double J retractor and palatal miniscrews during en masse retraction:"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Johnny","family":"Liaw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang-Fang","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin-Huei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Treatment of Class II protrusion with severe crowding using indirect miniscrew anchorage","volume":"77","author":"Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi\n              NC,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              YC,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              HA,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              KJ.\n            \n          \n          Treatment of Class II protrusion with severe crowding using indirect miniscrew anchorage.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t77:\n\t\t\t\t\t1109\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1118."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"268","article-title":"Analysis of temporary skeletal anchorage devices used for en-masse retraction: a preliminary study","volume":"136","author":"Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Hwang\n              YS,\n            \n            \n              Ferreira\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              KR.\n            \n          \n          Analysis of temporary skeletal anchorage devices used for en-masse retraction: a preliminary study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t136:\n\t\t\t\t\t268\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t276."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"401","article-title":"Distalization of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions with miniscrew anchorage in a patient with moderate Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion","volume":"149","author":"Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Teng\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Xu\n              TM.\n            \n          \n          Distalization of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions with miniscrew anchorage in a patient with moderate Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t149:\n\t\t\t\t\t401\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t410."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b04","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"45","article-title":"Clinical applications and treatment outcomes with modified C-palatal plates","volume":"24","author":"Bayome","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bayome\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA.\n            \n          \n          Clinical applications and treatment outcomes with modified C-palatal plates.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t45\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t51."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"693","article-title":"Nonsurgical treatment of an adult with a skeletal Class II gummy smile using zygomatic temporary anchorage devices and improved superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wires","volume":"152","author":"Ishida","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ishida\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Ono\n              T.\n            \n          \n          Nonsurgical treatment of an adult with a skeletal Class II gummy smile using zygomatic temporary anchorage devices and improved superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wires.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t152:\n\t\t\t\t\t693\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t705."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"112","article-title":"Class II malocclusion treated by combining a lingual retractor and a palatal plate","volume":"133","author":"Chung","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chung\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Mo\n              SS,\n            \n            \n              Jung\n              JA.\n            \n          \n          Class II malocclusion treated by combining a lingual retractor and a palatal plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t133:\n\t\t\t\t\t112\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t123."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"662","article-title":"Analysis of lingual en masse retraction combining a C-lingual retractor and a palatal plate","volume":"81","author":"Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim\n              JS,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Nelson\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Analysis of lingual en masse retraction combining a C-lingual retractor and a palatal plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t662\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t669."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b08","series-title":"Int J Dent","first-page":"937059","article-title":"Comparison of maxillary molar distalization with an implant-supported distal jet and a traditional tooth-supported distal jet appliance","volume":"2014","author":"Cozzani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cozzani\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Pasini\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Zallio\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Ritucci\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Mutinelli\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Mazzotta\n              L,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Comparison of maxillary molar distalization with an implant-supported distal jet and a traditional tooth-supported distal jet appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t2014:\n\t\t\t\t\t937059."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"650","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance","volume":"76","author":"Kircelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kircelli\n              BH,\n            \n            \n              Pekta\u015f\n              Z,\n            \n            \n              Kircelli\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t650\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t659."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b10","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"149","article-title":"A new treatment method to retract anterior teeth with the double J retractor system in Class III malocclusions","volume":"17","author":"Joo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Joo\n              BH.\n            \n          \n          A new treatment method to retract anterior teeth with the double J retractor system in Class III malocclusions.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t17:\n\t\t\t\t\t149\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t167."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"796","article-title":"Esthetic orthodontic treatment with a double J retractor and temporary anchorage devices","volume":"141","author":"Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Tai\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Takagi\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Miyajima\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Kojima\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Joo\n              BH.\n            \n          \n          Esthetic orthodontic treatment with a double J retractor and temporary anchorage devices.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t141:\n\t\t\t\t\t796\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t805."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"428","article-title":"Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control","volume":"103","author":"Isaacson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Isaacson\n              RJ,\n            \n            \n              Lindauer\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Rubenstein\n              LK.\n            \n          \n          Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t103:\n\t\t\t\t\t428\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t438."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b13","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"242","article-title":"Finite element analysis of maxillary incisor displacement during en-masse retraction according to orthodontic mini-implant position","volume":"46","author":"Song","year":"2016","unstructured":"Song\n              JW,\n            \n            \n              Lim\n              JK,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              KJ,\n            \n            \n              Sung\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Chun\n              YS,\n            \n            \n              Mo\n              SS.\n            \n          \n          Finite element analysis of maxillary incisor displacement during en-masse retraction according to orthodontic mini-implant position.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t46:\n\t\t\t\t\t242\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t252."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b14","series-title":"J Orofac Res","first-page":"32","article-title":"Torque in orthodontics","volume":"9","author":"Chaukse","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chaukse\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Gupta\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Soni\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Patil\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Singhai\n              A.\n            \n          \n          Torque in orthodontics.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Orofac Res.\n\t\t\t\t\t2020:\n\t\t\t\t\t9:\n\t\t\t\t\t32\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t38."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"361","article-title":"The segmented arch approach to space closure","volume":"82","author":"Burstone","year":"1982","unstructured":"Burstone\n              CJ.\n            \n          \n          The segmented arch approach to space closure.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1982;\n\t\t\t\t\t82:\n\t\t\t\t\t361\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t378."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"205","article-title":"Space closure in adult patients using the segmented arch technique","volume":"59","author":"Manhartsberger","year":"1989","unstructured":"Manhartsberger\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Morton\n              JY,\n            \n            \n              Burstone\n              CJ.\n            \n          \n          Space closure in adult patients using the segmented arch technique.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1989;\n\t\t\t\t\t59:\n\t\t\t\t\t205\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t210."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"136","article-title":"Segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure: biomechanics of the three-piece base arch appliance","volume":"107","author":"Shroff","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shroff\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Lindauer\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Burstone\n              CJ,\n            \n            \n              Leiss\n              JB.\n            \n          \n          Segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure: biomechanics of the three-piece base arch appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1995;\n\t\t\t\t\t107:\n\t\t\t\t\t136\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t143."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b18","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"214","article-title":"Biomechanics of torque from twisted rectangular arch-wires: a finite element investigation","volume":"77","author":"Jayade","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jayade\n              V,\n            \n            \n              Annigeri\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Jayade\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Thawani\n              P.\n            \n          \n          Biomechanics of torque from twisted rectangular arch-wires: a finite element investigation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t77:\n\t\t\t\t\t214\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t220."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b19","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Root torque with Warren springs","volume":"5","author":"Bernstein","year":"1971","unstructured":"Bernstein\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Root torque with Warren springs.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1971;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t167\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t169."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"428","article-title":"Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control","volume":"103","author":"Isaacson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Isaacson\n              RJ,\n            \n            \n              Lindauer\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Rubenstein\n              LK.\n            \n          \n          Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t103:\n\t\t\t\t\t428\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t438."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1023","article-title":"Locating the center of resistance of maxillary anterior teeth retracted by double J retractor with palatal miniscrews","volume":"80","author":"Jang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jang\n              HJ,\n            \n            \n              Roh\n              WJ,\n            \n            \n              Joo\n              BH,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              KH,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              YG.\n            \n          \n          Locating the center of resistance of maxillary anterior teeth retracted by double J retractor with palatal miniscrews.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t80:\n\t\t\t\t\t1023\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1028."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b22","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"188","article-title":"Palatal en-masse retraction of segmented maxillary anterior teeth: a finite element study","volume":"49","author":"Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA,\n            \n            \n              Kojima\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Yun\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Chae\n              JM.\n            \n          \n          Palatal en-masse retraction of segmented maxillary anterior teeth: a finite element study.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t49:\n\t\t\t\t\t188\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t193."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b23","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"210","article-title":"Incisor translation and inclination using miniscrew anchorage and the edgewise appliance","volume":"42","author":"Fisher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fisher\n              JC,\n            \n            \n              Burton\n              JB.\n            \n          \n          Incisor translation and inclination using miniscrew anchorage and the edgewise appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t42:\n\t\t\t\t\t210."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b24","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"289","article-title":"Displacement pattern of the anterior segment using antero-posterior lingual retractor combined with a palatal plate","volume":"45","author":"Seo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seo\n              KW,\n            \n            \n              Kwon\n              SY,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              KA,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              KH,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Ahn\n              HW,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Displacement pattern of the anterior segment using antero-posterior lingual retractor combined with a palatal plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t45:\n\t\t\t\t\t289\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t298."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Treatment of Class II protrusion with severe crowding using indirect miniscrew anchorage","volume":"77","author":"Choi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Choi\n              NC,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              YC,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              HA,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              KJ.\n            \n          \n          Treatment of Class II protrusion with severe crowding using indirect miniscrew anchorage.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t77:\n\t\t\t\t\t1109\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1118."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"268","article-title":"Analysis of temporary skeletal anchorage devices used for en-masse retraction: a preliminary study","volume":"136","author":"Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Hwang\n              YS,\n            \n            \n              Ferreira\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              KR.\n            \n          \n          Analysis of temporary skeletal anchorage devices used for en-masse retraction: a preliminary study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t136:\n\t\t\t\t\t268\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t276."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"401","article-title":"Distalization of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions with miniscrew anchorage in a patient with moderate Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion","volume":"149","author":"Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen\n              G,\n            \n            \n              Teng\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Xu\n              TM.\n            \n          \n          Distalization of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions with miniscrew anchorage in a patient with moderate Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t149:\n\t\t\t\t\t401\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t410."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b04","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"45","article-title":"Clinical applications and treatment outcomes with modified C-palatal plates","volume":"24","author":"Bayome","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bayome\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA.\n            \n          \n          Clinical applications and treatment outcomes with modified C-palatal plates.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t24:\n\t\t\t\t\t45\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t51."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"693","article-title":"Nonsurgical treatment of an adult with a skeletal Class II gummy smile using zygomatic temporary anchorage devices and improved superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wires","volume":"152","author":"Ishida","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ishida\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Ono\n              T.\n            \n          \n          Nonsurgical treatment of an adult with a skeletal Class II gummy smile using zygomatic temporary anchorage devices and improved superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wires.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t152:\n\t\t\t\t\t693\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t705."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"112","article-title":"Class II malocclusion treated by combining a lingual retractor and a palatal plate","volume":"133","author":"Chung","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chung\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Mo\n              SS,\n            \n            \n              Jung\n              JA.\n            \n          \n          Class II malocclusion treated by combining a lingual retractor and a palatal plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t133:\n\t\t\t\t\t112\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t123."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"662","article-title":"Analysis of lingual en masse retraction combining a C-lingual retractor and a palatal plate","volume":"81","author":"Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim\n              JS,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA,\n            \n            \n              Chung\n              KR,\n            \n            \n              Nelson\n              G.\n            \n          \n          Analysis of lingual en masse retraction combining a C-lingual retractor and a palatal plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t81:\n\t\t\t\t\t662\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t669."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b08","series-title":"Int J Dent","first-page":"937059","article-title":"Comparison of maxillary molar distalization with an implant-supported distal jet and a traditional tooth-supported distal jet appliance","volume":"2014","author":"Cozzani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cozzani\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Pasini\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Zallio\n              F,\n            \n            \n              Ritucci\n              R,\n            \n            \n              Mutinelli\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Mazzotta\n              L,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Comparison of maxillary molar distalization with an implant-supported distal jet and a traditional tooth-supported distal jet appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2014;\n\t\t\t\t\t2014:\n\t\t\t\t\t937059."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"650","article-title":"Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance","volume":"76","author":"Kircelli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kircelli\n              BH,\n            \n            \n              Pekta\u015f\n              Z,\n            \n            \n              Kircelli\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Maxillary molar distalization with a bone-anchored pendulum appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t76:\n\t\t\t\t\t650\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t659."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b10","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"149","article-title":"A new treatment method to retract anterior teeth with the double J retractor system in Class III malocclusions","volume":"17","author":"Joo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Joo\n              BH.\n            \n          \n          A new treatment method to retract anterior teeth with the double J retractor system in Class III malocclusions.\n\t\t\t\t\tSemin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t17:\n\t\t\t\t\t149\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t167."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"796","article-title":"Esthetic orthodontic treatment with a double J retractor and temporary anchorage devices","volume":"141","author":"Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Tai\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Takagi\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Miyajima\n              K,\n            \n            \n              Kojima\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Joo\n              BH.\n            \n          \n          Esthetic orthodontic treatment with a double J retractor and temporary anchorage devices.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2012;\n\t\t\t\t\t141:\n\t\t\t\t\t796\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t805."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"428","article-title":"Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control","volume":"103","author":"Isaacson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Isaacson\n              RJ,\n            \n            \n              Lindauer\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Rubenstein\n              LK.\n            \n          \n          Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t103:\n\t\t\t\t\t428\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t438."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b13","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"242","article-title":"Finite element analysis of maxillary incisor displacement during en-masse retraction according to orthodontic mini-implant position","volume":"46","author":"Song","year":"2016","unstructured":"Song\n              JW,\n            \n            \n              Lim\n              JK,\n            \n            \n              Lee\n              KJ,\n            \n            \n              Sung\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Chun\n              YS,\n            \n            \n              Mo\n              SS.\n            \n          \n          Finite element analysis of maxillary incisor displacement during en-masse retraction according to orthodontic mini-implant position.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2016;\n\t\t\t\t\t46:\n\t\t\t\t\t242\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t252."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b14","series-title":"J Orofac Res","first-page":"32","article-title":"Torque in orthodontics","volume":"9","author":"Chaukse","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chaukse\n              A,\n          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technique","volume":"59","author":"Manhartsberger","year":"1989","unstructured":"Manhartsberger\n              C,\n            \n            \n              Morton\n              JY,\n            \n            \n              Burstone\n              CJ.\n            \n          \n          Space closure in adult patients using the segmented arch technique.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1989;\n\t\t\t\t\t59:\n\t\t\t\t\t205\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t210."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"136","article-title":"Segmented approach to simultaneous intrusion and space closure: biomechanics of the three-piece base arch appliance","volume":"107","author":"Shroff","year":"1995","unstructured":"Shroff\n              B,\n            \n            \n              Lindauer\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Burstone\n              CJ,\n            \n            \n              Leiss\n              JB.\n            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Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t77:\n\t\t\t\t\t214\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t220."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b19","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"167","article-title":"Root torque with Warren springs","volume":"5","author":"Bernstein","year":"1971","unstructured":"Bernstein\n              L.\n            \n          \n          Root torque with Warren springs.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1971;\n\t\t\t\t\t5:\n\t\t\t\t\t167\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t169."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"428","article-title":"Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control","volume":"103","author":"Isaacson","year":"1993","unstructured":"Isaacson\n              RJ,\n            \n            \n              Lindauer\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Rubenstein\n              LK.\n            \n          \n          Moments with the edgewise appliance: incisor torque control.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1993;\n\t\t\t\t\t103:\n\t\t\t\t\t428\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t438."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b21","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1023","article-title":"Locating the center of resistance of maxillary anterior teeth retracted by double J retractor with palatal miniscrews","volume":"80","author":"Jang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jang\n              HJ,\n            \n            \n              Roh\n              WJ,\n            \n            \n              Joo\n              BH,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              KH,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SJ,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              YG.\n            \n          \n          Locating the center of resistance of maxillary anterior teeth retracted by double J retractor with palatal miniscrews.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t80:\n\t\t\t\t\t1023\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1028."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b22","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"188","article-title":"Palatal en-masse retraction of segmented maxillary anterior teeth: a finite element study","volume":"49","author":"Park","year":"2019","unstructured":"Park\n              JH,\n            \n            \n              Kook\n              YA,\n            \n            \n              Kojima\n              Y,\n            \n            \n              Yun\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Chae\n              JM.\n            \n          \n          Palatal en-masse retraction of segmented maxillary anterior teeth: a finite element study.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2019;\n\t\t\t\t\t49:\n\t\t\t\t\t188\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t193."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b23","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"210","article-title":"Incisor translation and inclination using miniscrew anchorage and the edgewise appliance","volume":"42","author":"Fisher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fisher\n              JC,\n            \n            \n              Burton\n              JB.\n            \n          \n          Incisor translation and inclination using miniscrew anchorage and the edgewise appliance.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2008;\n\t\t\t\t\t42:\n\t\t\t\t\t210."},{"key":"i1945-7103-92-4-562-b24","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"289","article-title":"Displacement pattern of the anterior segment using antero-posterior lingual retractor combined with a palatal plate","volume":"45","author":"Seo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Seo\n              KW,\n            \n            \n              Kwon\n              SY,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              KA,\n            \n            \n              Park\n              KH,\n            \n            \n              Kim\n              SH,\n            \n            \n              Ahn\n              HW,\n            \n            et al.\n          \n          Displacement pattern of the anterior segment using antero-posterior lingual retractor combined with a palatal plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t45:\n\t\t\t\t\t289\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t298."}],"container-title":["The Angle 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case report"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/092621-725.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1945-7103","0003-3219"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}}}