{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:06:29Z","timestamp":1780067189192,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the effects of irradiation lasers and light-emitting diode (LED) light on root resorption in rat molars during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Twenty-one 12-week-old Wistar male rats were divided into three groups: OTM only (control [CG]), OTM and LED irradiation (DG), and OTM and low laser irradiation therapy (LG). The distance between the first and second molars was used to evaluate the amount of tooth movement. The mesial surfaces of the distopalatal roots were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, and the area of the resorption was calculated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Statistical analysis showed a decreased amount of tooth movement in the exposed DG or LG compared with CG, which was statistically significant (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .031 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .004, respectively). However, when the DG and LG groups were compared, no statistically significant differences were found (\n P =<\/jats:italic>\n .504). The root resorption areas were similar between CG and DG. However, statistically significant differences were found between LG and CG (\n P =<\/jats:italic>\n .014) and LG and DG (\n P =<\/jats:italic>\n .038).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Phototherapy did not enhance tooth movement, while infrared laser irradiation did increase root resorption.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/101518-745.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,28]],"date-time":"2019-03-28T13:01:55Z","timestamp":1553778115000},"page":"936-941","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Phototherapy is unable to exert beneficial effects on orthodontic tooth movement in rat molars"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Simone P.","family":"Friedrichsdorf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo. S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Zaniboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental student, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo. S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyne","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo. S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor E.","family":"Arana-Chavez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chairman, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo. S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gladys C.","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo. S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"175","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak \n N,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brezniak \n N, \n \n \n Wasserstein \n A. \n \n \n Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects. Angle Orthod. 2002;72:175\u2013179."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b02","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"466","article-title":"Immunocompetent cells and cytokine expression in the rat periodontal ligament at the initial stage of orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"56","author":"Baba \n S,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baba \n S, \n \n \n Kuroda \n N, \n \n \n Arai \n C, \n \n \n Nakamura \n Y, \n \n \n Sato \n T. \n \n \n Immunocompetent cells and cytokine expression in the rat periodontal ligament at the initial stage of orthodontic tooth movement. Arch Oral Biol. 2011;56:466\u2013473."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b03","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"134","article-title":"A radiographic analysis of external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors during active orthodontic treatment","volume":"29","author":"Mohandesan \n H,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohandesan \n H, \n \n \n Ravanmehr \n H, \n \n \n Valaei \n N. \n \n \n A radiographic analysis of external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors during active orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29:134\u2013139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"350","article-title":"Association between root resorption incident to orthodontic treatment and treatment factors","volume":"34","author":"Motokawa \n M,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Motokawa \n M, \n \n \n Sasamoto \n T, \n \n \n Kaku \n M, \n \n et al. \n Association between root resorption incident to orthodontic treatment and treatment factors. Eur J Orthod. 2012;34:350\u2013356."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b05","series-title":"Lasers Surg Med","first-page":"614","article-title":"The inflammatory mechanism of 635nm light emitting diode irradiation compared with existing COX inhibitors","volume":"39","author":"Lim \n W,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lim \n W, \n \n \n Lee \n S, \n \n \n Kim \n I, \n \n et al. \n The inflammatory mechanism of 635nm light emitting diode irradiation compared with existing COX inhibitors. Lasers Surg Med. 2007;39:614\u2013621."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b06","series-title":"Lasers Surg Med","first-page":"553","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of low-level light emitting diode therapy on Achilles tendinitis in rats","volume":"42","author":"Xavier \n M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Xavier \n M, \n \n \n David \n DR, \n \n \n Souza \n RA, \n \n et al. \n Anti-inflammatory effects of low-level light emitting diode therapy on Achilles tendinitis in rats. Lasers Surg Med. 2010;42:553\u2013558."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b07","series-title":"J Biophotonics","first-page":"1236","article-title":"Comparative study among three different phototherapy protocols to treat chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in hamsters","volume":"9","author":"Campos \n L,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Campos \n L, \n \n \n Cruz \n EP, \n \n \n Pereira \n FS, \n \n \n Arana-Chavez \n VE, \n \n \n Sim\u00f5es, \n A. \n \n \n Comparative study among three different phototherapy protocols to treat chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. J Biophotonics. 2016;9:1236\u20131245."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b08","series-title":"Photomed Laser Surg","first-page":"592","article-title":"Systematic literature review: influence of low-level laser on orthodontic movement and pain control in humans","volume":"32","author":"Sousa \n MV,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sousa \n MV, \n \n \n Pinzan \n A, \n \n \n Consolaro \n A, \n \n \n Henriques \n JF, \n \n \n de Freitas \n MR. \n \n \n Systematic literature review: influence of low-level laser on orthodontic movement and pain control in humans. Photomed Laser Surg. 2014;32:592\u2013599."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b09","series-title":"Lasers Med Sci","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Ge \n MK,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ge \n MK, \n \n \n He \n WL, \n \n \n Chen \n J, \n \n et al. \n Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30:1609\u20131618."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b10","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"274","article-title":"The effect of light emitting diode phototherapy on rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a split-mouth, controlled clinical trial","volume":"42","author":"Chung \n SEV,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chung \n SEV, \n \n \n Tompson \n B, \n \n \n Gong \n S-G. \n \n \n The effect of light emitting diode phototherapy on rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a split-mouth, controlled clinical trial. 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Lasers in Surg Med. 2016;48:936\u2013943."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b12","series-title":"J Oral Rehabil","first-page":"636","article-title":"Effectiveness of adjunctive interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of systematic reviews","volume":"44","author":"Yi \n J,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yi \n J, \n \n \n Xiao \n J, \n \n \n Li \n H, \n \n \n Li \n Y, \n \n \n Li \n X, \n \n \n Zhao \n Z. \n \n \n Effectiveness of adjunctive interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of systematic reviews. J Oral Rehabil. 2017;44:636\u2013654."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b13","series-title":"Lasers Med Sci","first-page":"129","article-title":"Decrowding of lower anterior segment with and without photobiomodulation: a single center, randomized clinical trial","volume":"32","author":"Nashas \n AZ,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nashas \n AZ, \n \n \n Samara \n SA, \n \n \n Rastegar-Lari \n TA. \n \n \n Decrowding of lower anterior segment with and without photobiomodulation: a single center, randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32:129\u2013135."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b14","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"239","article-title":"Effect of metabolic alteration of periodontal fibers on orthodontic tooth movement an experimental study","volume":"75","author":"Heller \n IJ,","year":"1979","unstructured":"Heller \n IJ, \n \n \n Nanda \n R. \n \n \n Effect of metabolic alteration of periodontal fibers on orthodontic tooth movement an experimental study. Am J Orthod. 1979;75:239\u2013258."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration rffects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n C,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n C, \n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H, \n \n \n Yoshimats \n M, \n \n \n Yozgatian \n JH, \n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA, \n \n \n Yoshida \n N. \n \n \n Force magnitude and duration rffects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b16","series-title":"Exp Ther Med","first-page":"1793","article-title":"Bin Zhang B. 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Three consecutive days of application of LED therapy is necessary to inhibit experimentally induced root resorption in rats: a microtomographic study. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32:181\u2013187."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b20","series-title":"Laser Surg Med","first-page":"282","article-title":"Effects of low-energy laser irradiation on bone remodeling during experimental tooth movement in rats","volume":"26","author":"Kawasaki \n K,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kawasaki \n K, \n \n \n Shimizu \n N. \n \n \n Effects of low-energy laser irradiation on bone remodeling during experimental tooth movement in rats. Laser Surg Med. 2000;26:282\u2013291."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b21","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"143","article-title":"Low-energy laser stimulates tooth movement velocity via expression of RANK and RANKL","volume":"11","author":"Fujita \n S,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fujita \n S, \n \n \n Yamaguchi \n M, \n \n \n Utsunomiya \n T, \n \n \n Yamamoto \n H, \n \n \n Kasai \n K. \n \n \n Low-energy laser stimulates tooth movement velocity via expression of RANK and RANKL. 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Orthod Craniofac Res. 2009;12:289\u2013298."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b23","series-title":"Photomed Laser Surg","first-page":"663","article-title":"Effects of the pulse frequency of low-level laser therapy on the tooth movement speed of rat molars","volume":"30","author":"Duan \n J,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Duan \n J, \n \n \n Na \n Y, \n \n \n Liu \n Y, \n \n \n Zhang \n Y. \n \n \n Effects of the pulse frequency of low-level laser therapy on the tooth movement speed of rat molars. Photomed Laser Surg. 2012;30:663\u2013667."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b24","series-title":"Lasers Med Sci","first-page":"779","article-title":"Effect of LED-mediated photobiomodulation therapy on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats","volume":"30","author":"Ekizer \n A,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ekizer \n A, \n \n \n Uysal \n T, \n \n \n G\u00fcray \n E, \n \n \n Akkus \n D. \n \n \n Effect of LED-mediated photobiomodulation therapy on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats. Lasers Med Sci. 2015;30:779\u2013785."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b25","series-title":"J Lasers Med Sci","first-page":"146","article-title":"Low-level laser action on orthodontically induced root resorption: histological and histomorphometric evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Vasconcelos \n EC,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vasconcelos \n EC, \n \n \n Henriques \n JF, \n \n \n Sousa \n MV, \n \n et al. \n Low-level laser action on orthodontically induced root resorption: histological and histomorphometric evaluation. 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Angle Orthod. 2013;83:1015\u20131021."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b27","series-title":"Lasers Med Sci","first-page":"49","article-title":"Effects of light emitting diode (LED) therapy at 940 nm inflamatory root resorption in rats","volume":"28","author":"Fonseca \n PD'A,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fonseca \n PD'A, \n \n \n Lima \n FM, \n \n \n Higashi \n DT, \n \n et al. \n Effects of light emitting diode (LED) therapy at 940 nm inflamatory root resorption in rats. Lasers Med Sci. 2013;28:49\u201355."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b28","series-title":"Photomed Laser Surg","first-page":"309","article-title":"et al. Low-intensity pulsed irradiation affects RANKL and OPG mRNA expression in rat calvarial cells","volume":"27","author":"Xu \n M,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xu \n M, \n \n \n Deng \n T, \n \n \n Mo \n F, \n \n \n et al. Low-intensity pulsed irradiation affects RANKL and OPG mRNA expression in rat calvarial cells. 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Angle Orthod. 2002;72:175\u2013179."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b02","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"466","article-title":"Immunocompetent cells and cytokine expression in the rat periodontal ligament at the initial stage of orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"56","author":"Baba \n S,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baba \n S, \n \n \n Kuroda \n N, \n \n \n Arai \n C, \n \n \n Nakamura \n Y, \n \n \n Sato \n T. \n \n \n Immunocompetent cells and cytokine expression in the rat periodontal ligament at the initial stage of orthodontic tooth movement. Arch Oral Biol. 2011;56:466\u2013473."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b03","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"134","article-title":"A radiographic analysis of external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors during active orthodontic treatment","volume":"29","author":"Mohandesan \n H,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohandesan \n H, \n \n \n Ravanmehr \n H, \n \n \n Valaei \n N. \n \n \n A radiographic analysis of external apical root resorption of maxillary incisors during active orthodontic treatment. Eur J Orthod. 2007;29:134\u2013139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b04","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"350","article-title":"Association between root resorption incident to orthodontic treatment and treatment factors","volume":"34","author":"Motokawa \n M,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Motokawa \n M, \n \n \n Sasamoto \n T, \n \n \n Kaku \n M, \n \n et al. \n Association between root resorption incident to orthodontic treatment and treatment factors. 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J Biophotonics. 2016;9:1236\u20131245."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b08","series-title":"Photomed Laser Surg","first-page":"592","article-title":"Systematic literature review: influence of low-level laser on orthodontic movement and pain control in humans","volume":"32","author":"Sousa \n MV,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sousa \n MV, \n \n \n Pinzan \n A, \n \n \n Consolaro \n A, \n \n \n Henriques \n JF, \n \n \n de Freitas \n MR. \n \n \n Systematic literature review: influence of low-level laser on orthodontic movement and pain control in humans. Photomed Laser Surg. 2014;32:592\u2013599."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b09","series-title":"Lasers Med Sci","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Ge \n MK,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ge \n MK, \n \n \n He \n WL, \n \n \n Chen \n J, \n \n et al. \n Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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J Orthod. 2015;42:274\u2013283."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b11","series-title":"Lasers in Surg Med","first-page":"936","article-title":"Light emitting diode mediated photobiomodulation therapy improves orthodontic tooth movement and miniscrew stability: a randomized controlled clinical trials","volume":"48","author":"Ekizer \n A,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ekizer \n A, \n \n \n T\u00fcrker \n G, \n \n \n Uysal \n T, \n \n \n G\u00fcray \n E, \n \n \n Tasdemir \n Z. \n \n \n Light emitting diode mediated photobiomodulation therapy improves orthodontic tooth movement and miniscrew stability: a randomized controlled clinical trials. Lasers in Surg Med. 2016;48:936\u2013943."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-6-936-b12","series-title":"J Oral Rehabil","first-page":"636","article-title":"Effectiveness of adjunctive interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of systematic reviews","volume":"44","author":"Yi \n J,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yi \n J, \n \n \n Xiao \n J, \n \n \n Li \n H, \n \n \n Li \n Y, \n \n \n Li \n X, \n \n \n Zhao \n Z. \n \n \n Effectiveness of adjunctive interventions for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of systematic reviews. 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