{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T09:57:28Z","timestamp":1791453448497,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate quantitatively the relationship between molar intrusion (change [\u0394] maxillary first molar [U6]\u2013palatal plane [PP]) and changes in vertical and sagittal cephalometric parameters and to determine the center of mandibular autorotation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Twenty-one patients diagnosed with anterior open bite and successfully treated with molar intrusion (overbite [OB] > 0 mm) were retrospectively enrolled. Lateral cephalograms taken before and after molar intrusion were used to measure changes in vertical and sagittal cephalometric parameters. The center of mandibular autorotation was calculated by measuring displacement of gonion (Go) and pogonion (Pog). Paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -tests were used to compare variables, and linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between \u0394U6-PP and other variables.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The mandible exhibited counterclockwise rotation after maxillary molar intrusion, which led to closure of anterior open bite. Strong linear relationships, in descending order, between \u0394U6-PP and \u0394OB, \u0394anterior facial height (AFH), \u0394vertical reference plane (Pog), and \u0394sella-nasion to Go-menton (SN-GoMe), were observed. When the maxillary molar was intruded 1 mm, OB increased by 2.6 mm, AFH decreased by 1.7 mm, Pog moved forward by 2.3 mm, and SN-GoMe decreased by 2\u00b0. The center of mandibular autorotation was located 7.4 mm behind and 16.9 mm below condylion after molar intrusion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The mandible exhibited counterclockwise rotation after maxillary molar intrusion; the center of mandibular autorotation was located behind and below condylion with individual variations.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/102317-714.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T09:13:24Z","timestamp":1524474804000},"page":"538-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Prediction of mandibular movement and its center of rotation for nonsurgical correction of anterior open bite via maxillary molar intrusion"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kyunam","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwangchul","family":"Choy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adjunct Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, and Private Practice, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Chel","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor Emeritus, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seo Yeon","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heekyu","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoon Jeong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b01","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"9","article-title":"Effect of molar intrusion with temporary anchorage devices in patients with anterior open bite: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Alsafadi \n AS,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alsafadi \n AS, \n \n \n Alabdullah \n MM, \n \n \n Saltaji \n H, \n \n \n Abdo \n A, \n \n \n Youssef \n M. \n \n \n Effect of molar intrusion with temporary anchorage devices in patients with anterior open bite: a systematic review. Prog Orthod. 2016;17:9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b02","series-title":"J Dent (Shiraz)","first-page":"22","article-title":"Evaluating the stability of open bite treatments and its predictive factors in the retention phase during permanent dentition","volume":"16","author":"Salehi \n P,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salehi \n P, \n \n \n Pakshir \n HR, \n \n \n Hoseini \n SA. \n \n \n Evaluating the stability of open bite treatments and its predictive factors in the retention phase during permanent dentition. J Dent (Shiraz). 2015;16:22\u201329."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b03","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"223","article-title":"Cephalometric characteristics of open bite in adults: a three-dimensional cephalometric evaluation","volume":"9","author":"Haralabakis \n NB,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Haralabakis \n NB, \n \n \n Yiagtzis \n SC, \n \n \n Toutountzakis \n NM. \n \n \n Cephalometric characteristics of open bite in adults: a three-dimensional cephalometric evaluation. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1994;9:223\u2013231."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b04","series-title":"Open J Stomatol","first-page":"515","article-title":"Mandibular changes associated with maxillary impaction and molar intrusion","volume":"3","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sondos Abuzinada FA. Mandibular changes associated with maxillary impaction and molar intrusion. Open J Stomatol. 2013;3:515\u2013519."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"391","article-title":"Cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane in patients with anterior open bite","volume":"149","author":"Choi \n YJ,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi \n YJ, \n \n \n Kim \n DJ, \n \n \n Nam \n J, \n \n \n Chung \n CJ, \n \n \n Kim \n KH. \n \n \n Cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane in patients with anterior open bite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149:391\u2013400."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"396.e1","article-title":"Long-term stability of anterior open-bite treatment by intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth","volume":"138","author":"Baek \n MS,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baek \n MS, \n \n \n Choi \n YJ, \n \n \n Yu \n HS, \n \n \n Lee \n KJ, \n \n \n Kwak \n J, \n \n \n Park \n YC. \n \n \n Long-term stability of anterior open-bite treatment by intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:396.e1\u2013396.e9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"5","article-title":"Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus nonopenbite malocclusions","volume":"59","author":"Denison \n TF,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Denison \n TF, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Shapiro \n PA. \n \n \n Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus nonopenbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 1989;59:5\u201310."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S109","article-title":"Consecutive condylectomy and molar intrusion using temporary anchorage devices as an alternative for correcting facial asymmetry with condylar hyperplasia","volume":"147","author":"Choi \n YJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Choi \n YJ, \n \n \n Lee \n SH, \n \n \n Baek \n MS, \n \n \n Kim \n JY, \n \n \n Park \n YC. \n \n \n Consecutive condylectomy and molar intrusion using temporary anchorage devices as an alternative for correcting facial asymmetry with condylar hyperplasia. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;147:S109\u2013S121."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"690","article-title":"Intrusion of posterior teeth using mini-screw implants","volume":"123","author":"Park \n YC,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Park \n YC, \n \n \n Lee \n SY, \n \n \n Kim \n DH, \n \n \n Jee \n SH. \n \n \n Intrusion of posterior teeth using mini-screw implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:690\u2013694."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"154","article-title":"Stability of treatment for anterior open-bite malocclusion: a meta-analysis","volume":"139","author":"Greenlee \n GM,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greenlee \n GM, \n \n \n Huang \n GJ, \n \n \n Chen \n SS, \n \n \n Chen \n J, \n \n \n Koepsell \n T, \n \n \n Hujoel \n P. \n \n \n Stability of treatment for anterior open-bite malocclusion: a meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:154\u2013169."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"166","article-title":"Skeletal anchorage system for open-bite correction","volume":"115","author":"Umemori \n M,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Umemori \n M, \n \n \n Sugawara \n J, \n \n \n Mitani \n H, \n \n \n Nagasaka \n H, \n \n \n Kawamura \n H. \n \n \n Skeletal anchorage system for open-bite correction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;115:166\u2013174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b12","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"38","article-title":"Early treatment of anterior open bite: Comparison of the vertical and horizontal morphological changes induced by magnetic bite-blocks and adjusted rapid molar intruders","volume":"45","author":"Albogha \n MH,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Albogha \n MH, \n \n \n Takahashi \n I, \n \n \n Sawan \n MN. \n \n \n Early treatment of anterior open bite: Comparison of the vertical and horizontal morphological changes induced by magnetic bite-blocks and adjusted rapid molar intruders. Korean J Orthod. 2015;45:38\u201346."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b13","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"898","article-title":"The inter-relationship between mandibular autorotation and maxillary LeFort I impaction osteotomies","volume":"17","author":"Wang \n YC,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang \n YC, \n \n \n Ko \n EW, \n \n \n Huang \n CS, \n \n \n Chen \n YR. \n \n \n The inter-relationship between mandibular autorotation and maxillary LeFort I impaction osteotomies. J Craniofac Surg. 2006;17:898\u2013904."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b14","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"36","article-title":"Surgical-orthodontic cephalometric prediction tracing","volume":"14","author":"Fish \n LC,","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fish \n LC, \n \n \n Epker \n BN. \n \n \n Surgical-orthodontic cephalometric prediction tracing. J Clin Orthod. 1980;14:36\u201352."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"116","article-title":"Mandibular movement during autorotation as a result of maxillary impaction surgery","volume":"81","author":"Sperry \n TP,","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sperry \n TP, \n \n \n Steinberg \n MJ, \n \n \n Gans \n BJ. \n \n \n Mandibular movement during autorotation as a result of maxillary impaction surgery. Am J Orthod. 1982;81:116\u2013123."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b16","series-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg","first-page":"163","article-title":"Mandibular autorotation in orthognathic surgery: a new method of locating the centre of mandibular rotation and determining its consequence in orthognathic surgery","volume":"20","author":"Nattestad \n A,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nattestad \n A, \n \n \n Vedtofte \n P. \n \n \n Mandibular autorotation in orthognathic surgery: a new method of locating the centre of mandibular rotation and determining its consequence in orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1992;20:163\u2013170."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b17","series-title":"The Kinematics of Machinery: Outline of a Theory of Machines","author":"Reuleaux \n F.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Reuleaux \n F. \n \n \n The Kinematics of Machinery: Outline of a Theory of Machines. London, UK: Macmillan;1986."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"403","article-title":"Cephalometric superimposition on the cranial base: a review and a comparison of four methods","volume":"91","author":"Ghafari \n J,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ghafari \n J, \n \n \n Engel \n FE, \n \n \n Laster \n LL. \n \n \n Cephalometric superimposition on the cranial base: a review and a comparison of four methods. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987;91:403\u2013413."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b19","series-title":"J Gnathol","article-title":"The ligaments of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"7","author":"Gonzalez-Cabeza \n J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Cabeza \n J. \n \n \n The ligaments of the temporomandibular joint. J Gnathol. 1988;7."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b20","series-title":"Integr Comp Biol","first-page":"320","article-title":"The instantaneous center of rotation of the mandible in nonhuman primates","volume":"51","author":"Terhune \n CE,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Terhune \n CE, \n \n \n Iriarte-Diaz \n J, \n \n \n Taylor \n AB, \n \n \n Ross \n CF. \n \n \n The instantaneous center of rotation of the mandible in nonhuman primates. Integr Comp Biol. 2011;51:320\u2013332."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b01","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"9","article-title":"Effect of molar intrusion with temporary anchorage devices in patients with anterior open bite: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Alsafadi \n AS,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alsafadi \n AS, \n \n \n Alabdullah \n MM, \n \n \n Saltaji \n H, \n \n \n Abdo \n A, \n \n \n Youssef \n M. \n \n \n Effect of molar intrusion with temporary anchorage devices in patients with anterior open bite: a systematic review. Prog Orthod. 2016;17:9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b02","series-title":"J Dent (Shiraz)","first-page":"22","article-title":"Evaluating the stability of open bite treatments and its predictive factors in the retention phase during permanent dentition","volume":"16","author":"Salehi \n P,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salehi \n P, \n \n \n Pakshir \n HR, \n \n \n Hoseini \n SA. \n \n \n Evaluating the stability of open bite treatments and its predictive factors in the retention phase during permanent dentition. J Dent (Shiraz). 2015;16:22\u201329."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b03","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"223","article-title":"Cephalometric characteristics of open bite in adults: a three-dimensional cephalometric evaluation","volume":"9","author":"Haralabakis \n NB,","year":"1994","unstructured":"Haralabakis \n NB, \n \n \n Yiagtzis \n SC, \n \n \n Toutountzakis \n NM. \n \n \n Cephalometric characteristics of open bite in adults: a three-dimensional cephalometric evaluation. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1994;9:223\u2013231."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b04","series-title":"Open J Stomatol","first-page":"515","article-title":"Mandibular changes associated with maxillary impaction and molar intrusion","volume":"3","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sondos Abuzinada FA. Mandibular changes associated with maxillary impaction and molar intrusion. Open J Stomatol. 2013;3:515\u2013519."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"391","article-title":"Cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane in patients with anterior open bite","volume":"149","author":"Choi \n YJ,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi \n YJ, \n \n \n Kim \n DJ, \n \n \n Nam \n J, \n \n \n Chung \n CJ, \n \n \n Kim \n KH. \n \n \n Cephalometric configuration of the occlusal plane in patients with anterior open bite. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149:391\u2013400."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"396.e1","article-title":"Long-term stability of anterior open-bite treatment by intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth","volume":"138","author":"Baek \n MS,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baek \n MS, \n \n \n Choi \n YJ, \n \n \n Yu \n HS, \n \n \n Lee \n KJ, \n \n \n Kwak \n J, \n \n \n Park \n YC. \n \n \n Long-term stability of anterior open-bite treatment by intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;138:396.e1\u2013396.e9."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b07","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"5","article-title":"Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus nonopenbite malocclusions","volume":"59","author":"Denison \n TF,","year":"1989","unstructured":"Denison \n TF, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Shapiro \n PA. \n \n \n Stability of maxillary surgery in openbite versus nonopenbite malocclusions. Angle Orthod. 1989;59:5\u201310."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S109","article-title":"Consecutive condylectomy and molar intrusion using temporary anchorage devices as an alternative for correcting facial asymmetry with condylar hyperplasia","volume":"147","author":"Choi \n YJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Choi \n YJ, \n \n \n Lee \n SH, \n \n \n Baek \n MS, \n \n \n Kim \n JY, \n \n \n Park \n YC. \n \n \n Consecutive condylectomy and molar intrusion using temporary anchorage devices as an alternative for correcting facial asymmetry with condylar hyperplasia. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;147:S109\u2013S121."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"690","article-title":"Intrusion of posterior teeth using mini-screw implants","volume":"123","author":"Park \n YC,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Park \n YC, \n \n \n Lee \n SY, \n \n \n Kim \n DH, \n \n \n Jee \n SH. \n \n \n Intrusion of posterior teeth using mini-screw implants. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:690\u2013694."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"154","article-title":"Stability of treatment for anterior open-bite malocclusion: a meta-analysis","volume":"139","author":"Greenlee \n GM,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greenlee \n GM, \n \n \n Huang \n GJ, \n \n \n Chen \n SS, \n \n \n Chen \n J, \n \n \n Koepsell \n T, \n \n \n Hujoel \n P. \n \n \n Stability of treatment for anterior open-bite malocclusion: a meta-analysis. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:154\u2013169."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b11","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"166","article-title":"Skeletal anchorage system for open-bite correction","volume":"115","author":"Umemori \n M,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Umemori \n M, \n \n \n Sugawara \n J, \n \n \n Mitani \n H, \n \n \n Nagasaka \n H, \n \n \n Kawamura \n H. \n \n \n Skeletal anchorage system for open-bite correction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1999;115:166\u2013174."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b12","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"38","article-title":"Early treatment of anterior open bite: Comparison of the vertical and horizontal morphological changes induced by magnetic bite-blocks and adjusted rapid molar intruders","volume":"45","author":"Albogha \n MH,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Albogha \n MH, \n \n \n Takahashi \n I, \n \n \n Sawan \n MN. \n \n \n Early treatment of anterior open bite: Comparison of the vertical and horizontal morphological changes induced by magnetic bite-blocks and adjusted rapid molar intruders. Korean J Orthod. 2015;45:38\u201346."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b13","series-title":"J Craniofac Surg","first-page":"898","article-title":"The inter-relationship between mandibular autorotation and maxillary LeFort I impaction osteotomies","volume":"17","author":"Wang \n YC,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang \n YC, \n \n \n Ko \n EW, \n \n \n Huang \n CS, \n \n \n Chen \n YR. \n \n \n The inter-relationship between mandibular autorotation and maxillary LeFort I impaction osteotomies. J Craniofac Surg. 2006;17:898\u2013904."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b14","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"36","article-title":"Surgical-orthodontic cephalometric prediction tracing","volume":"14","author":"Fish \n LC,","year":"1980","unstructured":"Fish \n LC, \n \n \n Epker \n BN. \n \n \n Surgical-orthodontic cephalometric prediction tracing. J Clin Orthod. 1980;14:36\u201352."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b15","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"116","article-title":"Mandibular movement during autorotation as a result of maxillary impaction surgery","volume":"81","author":"Sperry \n TP,","year":"1982","unstructured":"Sperry \n TP, \n \n \n Steinberg \n MJ, \n \n \n Gans \n BJ. \n \n \n Mandibular movement during autorotation as a result of maxillary impaction surgery. Am J Orthod. 1982;81:116\u2013123."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b16","series-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg","first-page":"163","article-title":"Mandibular autorotation in orthognathic surgery: a new method of locating the centre of mandibular rotation and determining its consequence in orthognathic surgery","volume":"20","author":"Nattestad \n A,","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nattestad \n A, \n \n \n Vedtofte \n P. \n \n \n Mandibular autorotation in orthognathic surgery: a new method of locating the centre of mandibular rotation and determining its consequence in orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1992;20:163\u2013170."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b17","series-title":"The Kinematics of Machinery: Outline of a Theory of Machines","author":"Reuleaux \n F.","year":"1986","unstructured":"Reuleaux \n F. \n \n \n The Kinematics of Machinery: Outline of a Theory of Machines. London, UK: Macmillan;1986."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b18","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"403","article-title":"Cephalometric superimposition on the cranial base: a review and a comparison of four methods","volume":"91","author":"Ghafari \n J,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ghafari \n J, \n \n \n Engel \n FE, \n \n \n Laster \n LL. \n \n \n Cephalometric superimposition on the cranial base: a review and a comparison of four methods. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1987;91:403\u2013413."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b19","series-title":"J Gnathol","article-title":"The ligaments of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"7","author":"Gonzalez-Cabeza \n J.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Cabeza \n J. \n \n \n The ligaments of the temporomandibular joint. J Gnathol. 1988;7."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-5-538-b20","series-title":"Integr Comp Biol","first-page":"320","article-title":"The instantaneous center of rotation of the mandible in nonhuman primates","volume":"51","author":"Terhune \n CE,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Terhune \n CE, \n \n \n Iriarte-Diaz \n J, \n \n \n Taylor \n AB, \n \n \n Ross \n CF. \n \n \n The instantaneous center of rotation of the mandible in nonhuman primates. Integr Comp Biol. 2011;51:320\u2013332."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/88\/5\/article-p538.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/88\/5\/538\/1388430\/102317-714_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/88\/5\/article-p538.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/88\/5\/article-p538.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:09:38Z","timestamp":1780067378000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/88\/5\/article-p538.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/102317-714.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}}}