{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:06:57Z","timestamp":1780067217404,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n This case report describes orthodontic space closure for managing an avulsed maxillary central incisor and a lateral incisor in a growing girl with a Class I deep bite malocclusion with moderate lower and mild upper crowding. The treatment approach moved a central incisor across the midline and substituted a lateral incisor for a central incisor, in combination with canine substitution. Veneers on all maxillary anterior teeth attained acceptable esthetics. The right central incisor was moved to serve as the avulsed left central incisor. The right lateral incisor was moved to the position of the right central incisor and restored. The canines on both sides were substituted as lateral incisors; the posterior occlusion was left in Class II. Mesialization of central and lateral incisors with prosthetic rehabilitation is an acceptable treatment option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/102417-723.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,24]],"date-time":"2018-08-24T10:07:03Z","timestamp":1535105223000},"page":"661-671","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Management of a Class I malocclusion with traumatically avulsed maxillary central and lateral incisors"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Nesrine Z.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Division of Prosthodontics & Dental Geriatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony P. G.","family":"McCullagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Associate Professor, Division of Prosthodontics & Dental Geriatrics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Professor, Graduate Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b01","series-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol","first-page":"45","article-title":"Orthodontic closure and transplantation in the treatment of missing anterior teeth. An overview","volume":"9","author":"Stenvik \n A,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Orthodontic closure and transplantation in the treatment of missing anterior teeth. An overview. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1993;9:45\u201352."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b02","series-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol","first-page":"76","article-title":"Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing","volume":"11","author":"Andreasen \n JO,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Andreasen \n JO, \n \n \n Borum \n MK, \n \n \n Jacobsen \n HL, \n \n \n Andreasen \n FM. \n \n \n Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995;11:76\u201389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"110","article-title":"Outcome of tooth transplantation: survival and success rates 17-41 years posttreatment","volume":"121","author":"Czochrowska \n EM,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Czochrowska \n EM, \n \n \n Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Bjercke \n B, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Outcome of tooth transplantation: survival and success rates 17-41 years posttreatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:110\u2013119; quiz 193."},{"issue":"4 suppl","key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S55","article-title":"Managing the patient with missing or malformed maxillary central incisors","volume":"129","author":"Kokich \n VG,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Crabill \n KE. \n \n \n Managing the patient with missing or malformed maxillary central incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129(4 suppl):S55\u2013S63."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b05","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"22","article-title":"The effect of canine characteristics and symmetry on perceived smile attractiveness when canine teeth are substituted for lateral incisors","volume":"42","author":"Rayner \n WJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rayner \n WJ, \n \n \n Barber \n SK, \n \n \n Spencer \n RJ. \n \n \n The effect of canine characteristics and symmetry on perceived smile attractiveness when canine teeth are substituted for lateral incisors. J Orthod. 2015;42:22\u201332."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b06","series-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent","first-page":"5","article-title":"Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors. Part I: canine substitution","volume":"17","author":"Kokich \n VO\n Jr,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kokich \n VO\n Jr, \n \n \n Kinzer \n GA. \n \n \n Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors. Part I: canine substitution. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2005;17:5\u201310."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"274","article-title":"Improving orthodontic results in cases with maxillary incisors missing","volume":"73","author":"Zachrisson \n BU.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Improving orthodontic results in cases with maxillary incisors missing. Am J Orthod. 1978;73:274\u2013289."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"533","article-title":"Moving an incisor across the midline: a treatment alternative in an adolescent patient","volume":"139","author":"Bosio \n JA,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bosio \n JA, \n \n \n Bradley \n TG, \n \n \n Hefti \n AF. \n \n \n Moving an incisor across the midline: a treatment alternative in an adolescent patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:533\u2013543."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"341","article-title":"Movement of a maxillary central incisor across the midline","volume":"81","author":"Pair \n J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pair \n J. \n \n \n Movement of a maxillary central incisor across the midline. Angle Orthod. 2011;81:341\u2013349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b10","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"546","article-title":"The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of inter-implant bone crest","volume":"71","author":"Tarnow \n DP,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tarnow \n DP, \n \n \n Cho \n SC, \n \n \n Wallace \n SS. \n \n \n The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of inter-implant bone crest. J Periodontol. 2000;71:546\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b11","series-title":"Dent Traumatol","first-page":"19","article-title":"Augmentation of the narrow traumatized anterior alveolar ridge to facilitate dental implant placement","volume":"19","author":"Oikarinen \n KS,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oikarinen \n KS, \n \n \n Sandor \n GK, \n \n \n Kainulainen \n VT, \n \n \n Salonen-Kemppi \n M. \n \n \n Augmentation of the narrow traumatized anterior alveolar ridge to facilitate dental implant placement. Dent Traumatol. 2003;19:19\u201329."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"284","article-title":"Management of missing maxillary anterior teeth with emphasis on autotransplantation","volume":"126","author":"Zachrisson \n BU,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zachrisson \n BU, \n \n \n Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Haanaes \n HR. \n \n \n Management of missing maxillary anterior teeth with emphasis on autotransplantation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;126:284\u2013288."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"370","article-title":"Orthodontic movement of a maxillary incisor through the midpalatal suture: a case report","volume":"82","author":"Garib \n DG,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garib \n DG, \n \n \n Janson \n G, \n \n \n dos Santos \n PB, \n \n \n de Oliveira Baldo \n T, \n \n \n de Oliveira \n GU, \n \n \n Ishikiriama \n SK. \n \n \n Orthodontic movement of a maxillary incisor through the midpalatal suture: a case report. Angle Orthod. 2012;82:370\u2013379."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b14","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"563","article-title":"Integrating space closure and esthetic dentistry in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"41","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Integrating space closure and esthetic dentistry in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors. J Clin Orthod. 2007;41:563\u2013573; quiz 424."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b15","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"540","article-title":"The space-closure alternative for missing maxillary lateral incisors: an update","volume":"44","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n The space-closure alternative for missing maxillary lateral incisors: an update. J Clin Orthod. 2010;44:540\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b16","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"221","article-title":"Integrating esthetic dentistry and space closure in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"35","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Integrating esthetic dentistry and space closure in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors. J Clin Orthod. 2001;35:221\u2013234."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"339","article-title":"Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: long-term periodontal and functional evaluation after orthodontic space closure with first premolar intrusion and canine extrusion","volume":"149","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Lucchi \n P, \n \n \n Ferrari \n S, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU, \n \n \n Caprioglio \n A. \n \n \n Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: long-term periodontal and functional evaluation after orthodontic space closure with first premolar intrusion and canine extrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149:339\u2013348."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b18","series-title":"Int J Prosthodont","first-page":"79","article-title":"Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers for up to 20 years","volume":"25","author":"Beier \n US,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beier \n US, \n \n \n Kapferer \n I, \n \n \n Burtscher \n D, \n \n \n Dumfahrt \n H. \n \n \n Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers for up to 20 years. Int J Prosthodont. 2012;25:79\u201385."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"597","article-title":"Outcome of orthodontic space closure with a missing maxillary central incisor","volume":"123","author":"Czochrowska \n EM,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Czochrowska \n EM, \n \n \n Skaare \n AB, \n \n \n Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Outcome of orthodontic space closure with a missing maxillary central incisor. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:597\u2013603."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"416","article-title":"Esthetic evaluation of implants vs canine substitution in patients with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: are there any new insights?","volume":"150","author":"Schneider \n U,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schneider \n U, \n \n \n Moser \n L, \n \n \n Fornasetti \n M, \n \n \n Piattella \n M, \n \n \n Siciliani \n G. \n \n \n Esthetic evaluation of implants vs canine substitution in patients with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: are there any new insights?\n Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;150:416\u2013424."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b21","series-title":"J Prosthet Dent","first-page":"540","article-title":"Smile attractiveness of patients treated for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors as rated by dentists, laypersons, and the patients themselves","volume":"112","author":"De-Marchi \n LM,","year":"2014","unstructured":"De-Marchi \n LM, \n \n \n Pini \n NI, \n \n \n Ramos \n AL, \n \n \n Pascotto \n RC. \n \n \n Smile attractiveness of patients treated for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors as rated by dentists, laypersons, and the patients themselves. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112:540\u2013546."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b22","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"369","article-title":"The congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Part 1: esthetic judgment of treatment options","volume":"6","author":"Armbruster \n PC,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Armbruster \n PC, \n \n \n Gardiner \n DM, \n \n \n Whitley \n JB\n Jr, \n \n \n Flerra \n J. \n \n \n The congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Part 1: esthetic judgment of treatment options. World J Orthod. 2005;6:369\u2013375."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b01","series-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol","first-page":"45","article-title":"Orthodontic closure and transplantation in the treatment of missing anterior teeth. An overview","volume":"9","author":"Stenvik \n A,","year":"1993","unstructured":"Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Orthodontic closure and transplantation in the treatment of missing anterior teeth. An overview. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1993;9:45\u201352."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b02","series-title":"Endod Dent Traumatol","first-page":"76","article-title":"Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing","volume":"11","author":"Andreasen \n JO,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Andreasen \n JO, \n \n \n Borum \n MK, \n \n \n Jacobsen \n HL, \n \n \n Andreasen \n FM. \n \n \n Replantation of 400 avulsed permanent incisors. 4. Factors related to periodontal ligament healing. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1995;11:76\u201389."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"110","article-title":"Outcome of tooth transplantation: survival and success rates 17-41 years posttreatment","volume":"121","author":"Czochrowska \n EM,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Czochrowska \n EM, \n \n \n Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Bjercke \n B, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Outcome of tooth transplantation: survival and success rates 17-41 years posttreatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002;121:110\u2013119; quiz 193."},{"issue":"4 suppl","key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S55","article-title":"Managing the patient with missing or malformed maxillary central incisors","volume":"129","author":"Kokich \n VG,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kokich \n VG, \n \n \n Crabill \n KE. \n \n \n Managing the patient with missing or malformed maxillary central incisors. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2006;129(4 suppl):S55\u2013S63."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b05","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"22","article-title":"The effect of canine characteristics and symmetry on perceived smile attractiveness when canine teeth are substituted for lateral incisors","volume":"42","author":"Rayner \n WJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rayner \n WJ, \n \n \n Barber \n SK, \n \n \n Spencer \n RJ. \n \n \n The effect of canine characteristics and symmetry on perceived smile attractiveness when canine teeth are substituted for lateral incisors. J Orthod. 2015;42:22\u201332."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b06","series-title":"J Esthet Restor Dent","first-page":"5","article-title":"Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors. Part I: canine substitution","volume":"17","author":"Kokich \n VO\n Jr,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kokich \n VO\n Jr, \n \n \n Kinzer \n GA. \n \n \n Managing congenitally missing lateral incisors. Part I: canine substitution. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2005;17:5\u201310."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"274","article-title":"Improving orthodontic results in cases with maxillary incisors missing","volume":"73","author":"Zachrisson \n BU.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Improving orthodontic results in cases with maxillary incisors missing. Am J Orthod. 1978;73:274\u2013289."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"533","article-title":"Moving an incisor across the midline: a treatment alternative in an adolescent patient","volume":"139","author":"Bosio \n JA,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bosio \n JA, \n \n \n Bradley \n TG, \n \n \n Hefti \n AF. \n \n \n Moving an incisor across the midline: a treatment alternative in an adolescent patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:533\u2013543."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"341","article-title":"Movement of a maxillary central incisor across the midline","volume":"81","author":"Pair \n J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pair \n J. \n \n \n Movement of a maxillary central incisor across the midline. Angle Orthod. 2011;81:341\u2013349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b10","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"546","article-title":"The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of inter-implant bone crest","volume":"71","author":"Tarnow \n DP,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tarnow \n DP, \n \n \n Cho \n SC, \n \n \n Wallace \n SS. \n \n \n The effect of inter-implant distance on the height of inter-implant bone crest. J Periodontol. 2000;71:546\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b11","series-title":"Dent Traumatol","first-page":"19","article-title":"Augmentation of the narrow traumatized anterior alveolar ridge to facilitate dental implant placement","volume":"19","author":"Oikarinen \n KS,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oikarinen \n KS, \n \n \n Sandor \n GK, \n \n \n Kainulainen \n VT, \n \n \n Salonen-Kemppi \n M. \n \n \n Augmentation of the narrow traumatized anterior alveolar ridge to facilitate dental implant placement. Dent Traumatol. 2003;19:19\u201329."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"284","article-title":"Management of missing maxillary anterior teeth with emphasis on autotransplantation","volume":"126","author":"Zachrisson \n BU,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zachrisson \n BU, \n \n \n Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Haanaes \n HR. \n \n \n Management of missing maxillary anterior teeth with emphasis on autotransplantation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;126:284\u2013288."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b13","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"370","article-title":"Orthodontic movement of a maxillary incisor through the midpalatal suture: a case report","volume":"82","author":"Garib \n DG,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Garib \n DG, \n \n \n Janson \n G, \n \n \n dos Santos \n PB, \n \n \n de Oliveira Baldo \n T, \n \n \n de Oliveira \n GU, \n \n \n Ishikiriama \n SK. \n \n \n Orthodontic movement of a maxillary incisor through the midpalatal suture: a case report. Angle Orthod. 2012;82:370\u2013379."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b14","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"563","article-title":"Integrating space closure and esthetic dentistry in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"41","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Integrating space closure and esthetic dentistry in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors. J Clin Orthod. 2007;41:563\u2013573; quiz 424."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b15","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"540","article-title":"The space-closure alternative for missing maxillary lateral incisors: an update","volume":"44","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n The space-closure alternative for missing maxillary lateral incisors: an update. J Clin Orthod. 2010;44:540\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b16","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"221","article-title":"Integrating esthetic dentistry and space closure in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors","volume":"35","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Integrating esthetic dentistry and space closure in patients with missing maxillary lateral incisors. J Clin Orthod. 2001;35:221\u2013234."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"339","article-title":"Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: long-term periodontal and functional evaluation after orthodontic space closure with first premolar intrusion and canine extrusion","volume":"149","author":"Rosa \n M,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosa \n M, \n \n \n Lucchi \n P, \n \n \n Ferrari \n S, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU, \n \n \n Caprioglio \n A. \n \n \n Congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: long-term periodontal and functional evaluation after orthodontic space closure with first premolar intrusion and canine extrusion. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;149:339\u2013348."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b18","series-title":"Int J Prosthodont","first-page":"79","article-title":"Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers for up to 20 years","volume":"25","author":"Beier \n US,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beier \n US, \n \n \n Kapferer \n I, \n \n \n Burtscher \n D, \n \n \n Dumfahrt \n H. \n \n \n Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers for up to 20 years. Int J Prosthodont. 2012;25:79\u201385."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"597","article-title":"Outcome of orthodontic space closure with a missing maxillary central incisor","volume":"123","author":"Czochrowska \n EM,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Czochrowska \n EM, \n \n \n Skaare \n AB, \n \n \n Stenvik \n A, \n \n \n Zachrisson \n BU. \n \n \n Outcome of orthodontic space closure with a missing maxillary central incisor. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;123:597\u2013603."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"416","article-title":"Esthetic evaluation of implants vs canine substitution in patients with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: are there any new insights?","volume":"150","author":"Schneider \n U,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schneider \n U, \n \n \n Moser \n L, \n \n \n Fornasetti \n M, \n \n \n Piattella \n M, \n \n \n Siciliani \n G. \n \n \n Esthetic evaluation of implants vs canine substitution in patients with congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors: are there any new insights?\n Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;150:416\u2013424."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b21","series-title":"J Prosthet Dent","first-page":"540","article-title":"Smile attractiveness of patients treated for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors as rated by dentists, laypersons, and the patients themselves","volume":"112","author":"De-Marchi \n LM,","year":"2014","unstructured":"De-Marchi \n LM, \n \n \n Pini \n NI, \n \n \n Ramos \n AL, \n \n \n Pascotto \n RC. \n \n \n Smile attractiveness of patients treated for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors as rated by dentists, laypersons, and the patients themselves. J Prosthet Dent. 2014;112:540\u2013546."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-4-661-b22","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"369","article-title":"The congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Part 1: esthetic judgment of treatment options","volume":"6","author":"Armbruster \n PC,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Armbruster \n PC, \n \n \n Gardiner \n DM, \n \n \n Whitley \n JB\n Jr, \n \n \n Flerra \n J. \n \n \n The congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisor. Part 1: esthetic judgment of treatment options. 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