{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:43:51Z","timestamp":1783763031759,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To immunohistochemically investigate the longitudinal changes in root resorption by jiggling force in experimental animal models.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Fifty-six 12-week-old male Wistar rats were used. The maxillary first molars were alternately moved in the buccal and lingual direction in 28 rats (experimental group) using an experimental appliance to produce jiggling forces of 10 g. In another 28 rats (control group), the maxillary first molars were moved in only the lingual direction with a force of 10 g. After 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 days, the maxillae were resected and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The resorption area was quantified histomorphometrically and the number of odontoclasts on the root surface was counted. Expression of RANKL and OPG was also examined by immunohistochemical staining.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The root resorption area and the number of odontoclasts were significantly greater in the experimental group than in controls. Odontoclasts were detected in the resorption lacunae and PDL in the experimental group, whereas osteoclasts were located only along the alveolar bone in controls. OPG was detected on the alveolar bone in the experimental group and on the root surfaces of the controls.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Jiggling force is a critical factor in severe root resorption, affecting RANKL and OPG expression, which accelerates and inhibits odontoclastic induction, respectively.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/102515-718.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T09:37:13Z","timestamp":1466761033000},"page":"41-48","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["RANKL and OPG expression: Jiggling force affects root resorption in rats"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Yayoi","family":"Matsuda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahide","family":"Motokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Kaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Sumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuo","family":"Tanne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emeritus Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Tanimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Department Chair, Department of Orthodontics, Applied Life Sciences, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-1-41-b01","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"30","article-title":"Evaluation of the risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors","volume":"10","author":"Levander \n              E,","year":"1988","unstructured":"Levander \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Malmgren \n              O. \n            \n          \n          Evaluation of the risk of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of upper incisors. 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Semin Orthod. 2007;13:246\u2013256."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-1-41-b13","series-title":"Anat Rec","first-page":"33","article-title":"Cytodifferentiation of the odontoclast prior to the shedding of human deciduous teeth: an ultrastructural and cytochemical study","volume":"244","author":"Sahara \n              N,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sahara \n              N, \n            \n            \n              Toyoki \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Ashizawa \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Deguchi \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Suzuki \n              K. \n            \n          \n          Cytodifferentiation of the odontoclast prior to the shedding of human deciduous teeth: an ultrastructural and cytochemical study. Anat Rec. 1996;244:33\u201349."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-1-41-b14","series-title":"J Oral Sci","first-page":"367","article-title":"Root resorption and the OPG\/RANKL\/RANK system: a mini review","volume":"50","author":"Tyrovola \n              JB,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tyrovola \n              JB, \n            \n            \n              Spyropoulos \n              MN, \n            \n            \n              Makou \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Perrea \n              D. \n            \n          \n          Root resorption and the OPG\/RANKL\/RANK system: a mini review. 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Eur J Orthod. 2011;33:335\u2013343."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-1-41-b33","series-title":"Arch Oral Biol","first-page":"1238","article-title":"Effect of PGE induced by compressive and tensile stresses on cementoblast differentiation in vitro","volume":"56","author":"Rego \n              EB,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rego \n              EB, \n            \n            \n              Inubushi \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Kawazoe \n              A, \n            \n            \n              Miyauchi \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Tanaka \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Takata \n              T, \n            \n            et al. \n          Effect of PGE induced by compressive and tensile stresses on cementoblast differentiation in vitro. 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Eur J Orthod. 1998;20:427\u2013434."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-1-41-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"321","article-title":"Levels of root resorption associated with continuous arch and sectional arch mechanics","volume":"110","author":"Alexander \n              SA.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Alexander \n              SA. \n            \n          \n          Levels of root resorption associated with continuous arch and sectional arch mechanics. 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