{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:15:45Z","timestamp":1780481745854,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the effect of acrylic capping, treatment duration, overjet, and lower incisor inclination on the posttreatment tooth position in patients treated with 2 Twin Block (TB) appliance versions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Cephalograms of 56 patients with Class II malocclusion (21 boys, 35 girls; mean age before treatment [T1] = 12.5 years; standard deviation, 0.7) treated with a TB appliance with either acrylic capping or ball-ended clasps on lower incisors were retrospectively collected and traced. Lower incisor inclination (L1-GoGn, L1-GoMe, L1-MP) was measured at T1 and after TB appliance removal (T2). Regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect on the lower incisor inclination of appliance type, overjet, lower incisor inclination at T1, and treatment duration after adjusting for baseline measurements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Appliance design was not a significant predictor for either incisor inclination measurement (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05). Pretreatment lower incisor inclination was the only factor significantly associated with final tooth inclination (L1-GoGn: \u03b2 = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30, 0.84,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001; L1-GoMe: \u03b2 = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.28, 0.84,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001; L1-MP: \u03b2 = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.75,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .003). There was weak evidence that treatment duration excluding L1-MP (95% CI = \u20131.85, \u20130.02;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .045) and overjet might be associated with inclination of lower incisors at T2.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n TB appliance design with acrylic capping on lower incisors appears not to significantly control incisor proclination. Pretreatment lower incisor inclination may be significantly associated with tooth inclination after active TB treatment and should be considered in treatment planning.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/102916-779.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]],"date-time":"2017-01-27T09:41:26Z","timestamp":1485510086000},"page":"513-518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Twin Block appliance with acrylic capping does not have a significant inhibitory effect on lower incisor proclination"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Mark Cornelis","family":"van der Plas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista Ingeborg","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Staff member, Department of Orthodontics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Pandis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; and Private Practice, Corfu, Greece."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Livas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontist, Dental Clinics Zwolle, Zwolle, The Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-4-513-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"1","article-title":"The twin block technique. 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Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:73\u201380."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-4-513-b32","series-title":"Acta Ophthalmol","article-title":"Limitations of the TheraMon\u00ae-microsensor in monitoring occlusion therapy","author":"Schramm \n C,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schramm \n C, \n \n \n Abaza \n A, \n \n \n Blumenstock \n G, \n \n \n Bechtold \n TE, \n \n \n Rickmann \n A, \n \n \n Bartz-Schmidt \n KU, \n \n \n Besch \n D, \n \n \n Januschowski \n K. \n \n \n Limitations of the TheraMon\u00ae-microsensor in monitoring occlusion therapy. Acta Ophthalmol. 2016Jun27. [Epub ahead of print]"},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-4-513-b33","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"485","article-title":"Treatment effects of twin-block and mandibular protraction appliance-IV in the correction of class II malocclusion","volume":"80","author":"Jena \n AK,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jena \n AK, \n \n \n Duggal \n R. \n \n \n Treatment effects of twin-block and mandibular protraction appliance-IV in the correction of class II malocclusion. 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Eur J Orthod. 2015;37:170\u2013176."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-4-513-b04","series-title":"Contemporary Orthodontics. 4th ed","article-title":"Components approach to functional appliances","author":"Proffit \n WR,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Proffit \n WR, \n \n \n Fields \n HJ\n Jr. \n \n \n Components approach to functional appliances. In:Proffit WR, HJFields Jr, Sarver DM, eds. Contemporary Orthodontics. 4th ed. St Louis, Mo: Mosby Year Book;2007:73."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-4-513-b05","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"17","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of two alternative designs of Twin-block appliance","volume":"39","author":"Trenouth \n MJ,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Trenouth \n MJ, \n \n \n Desmond \n S. \n \n \n A randomized clinical trial of two alternative designs of Twin-block appliance. 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