{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T12:53:39Z","timestamp":1783947219726,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To investigate hyoid bone position and airway volume in subjects with adenoid hypertrophy, tonsillar hypertrophy, and adenotonsillar hypertrophy compared to subjects with nonobstructive adenoids or tonsils and to assess the correlation between hyoid bone and airway parameters.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 121 subjects were grouped based on adenoid or tonsillar hypertrophy into four groups, as follows: (1) control group (C-group), (2) adenoid hypertrophy group (AH-group), (3) adenotonsillar hypertrophy group (ATH-group), and (4) tonsillar hypertrophy group (TH-group). Hyoid bone position and airway volumes were measured. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for intergroup comparison, followed by pairwise comparison using the Mann-Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n -test. Bivariate correlation was conducted using Spearman correlation coefficients. Multiple linear regression was performed to create a model for airway volume based on hyoid bone predictive variables.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n No significant difference was found between subjects with isolated adenoid or tonsillar hypertrophy compared to the C-group. However, the ATH-group exhibited a significantly decreased hyoid bone vertical distance (HV), total airway volume (TA volume), and retroglossal airway volume (RG volume) compared to the C-group. HV and age had a high potential in terms of explaining the RG volume, whereas the TA volume and retropalatal airway volume (RP volume) models were not as successful as the RG volume counterpart.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Subjects in ATH-group were characterized by an elevated hyoid bone position and constricted TA volume and RG volume compared to those in the C-group. HV and age were predictor variables that best explained retroglossal airway volume.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/110822-769.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T10:12:21Z","timestamp":1678961541000},"page":"467-475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A cone-beam computed tomography study of hyoid bone position and airway volume in subjects with obstructive and nonobstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Amin S.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janvier","family":"Habumugisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minyue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenqing","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yucheng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i1945-7103-93-4-467-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"221","article-title":"The functional matrix hypothesis revisited. 2. 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Tanaka\n OM.\n \n \n Facial and dental alterations according to the breathing pattern.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Appl Oral Sci.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t19:\n\t\t\t\t\t175\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t181."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-4-467-b04","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao\n Z,\n \n \n Zheng\n L,\n \n \n Huang\n X,\n \n \n Li\n C,\n \n \n Liu\n J,\n \n \n Hu\n Y.\n \n \n Effects of mouth breathing on facial skeletal development in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n\t\t\t\t\tBMC Oral Health.\n\t\t\t\t\t2021;\n\t\t\t\t\t21:\n\t\t\t\t\t1\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t14."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-4-467-b05","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofacl Surg","first-page":"914","article-title":"Correlation between hyoid bone position and airway dimensions in Chinese adolescents by cone beam computed tomography 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and hyoid bone position in children with mild and moderate asthma and mouth breathing","volume":"74","author":"Chaves","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chaves\n TC,\n \n \n de Andrade e Silva\n TS,\n \n \n Monteiro\n SA,\n \n \n Watanabe\n PC,\n \n \n Oliveira\n AS,\n \n \n Grossi\n DB.\n \n \n Craniocervical posture and hyoid bone position in children with mild and moderate asthma and mouth breathing.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t74:\n\t\t\t\t\t1021\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1027."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-4-467-b08","series-title":"BMC Oral Health","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of the position and morphology of tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II malocclusion based on cone beam computed tomography","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen\n W,\n \n \n Mou\n H,\n \n \n Qian\n Y,\n \n \n Qian\n L.\n \n \n Evaluation of the position and morphology of tongue and hyoid bone in skeletal Class II malocclusion based on 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Sato\n H,\n \n \n Suga\n H,\n \n et al.\n \n Relationships among nasal resistance, adenoids, tonsils, and tongue posture and maxillofacial form in Class II and Class III children.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2017;\n\t\t\t\t\t151:\n\t\t\t\t\t929\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t940."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-4-467-b11","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"38","article-title":"Craniofacial features of subjects with adenoid, tonsillar, or adenotonsillar hypertrophy","volume":"12","author":"Baroni","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baroni\n M,\n \n \n Ballanti\n F,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Cozza\n P.\n \n \n Craniofacial features of subjects with adenoid, tonsillar, or adenotonsillar hypertrophy.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t12:\n\t\t\t\t\t38\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t44."},{"key":"i1945-7103-93-4-467-b12","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"451","article-title":"Agreement between cone-beam computed tomography and nasoendoscopy 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