{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:07:56Z","timestamp":1780063676009,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate dentoalveolar changes immediately after the alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction (Alt-RAMEC) protocol and facemask (FM) treatment using cone-beam computed tomography images.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Cone-beam computed tomography images of 20 patients (mean age = 9.64 \u00b1 1.3 years) who received the Alt-RAMEC protocol before FM treatment were retrieved in this retrospective study. Dental and alveolar inclinations, buccal and palatal alveolar bone thickness, and buccal and palatal alveolar bone height changes were measured before treatment (T0), after the Alt-RAMEC protocol (T1), and after FM treatment (T2). Measurements for right and left molars were performed separately. The Shapiro-Wilks test was used to assess the conformity of the parameters to the normal distribution. The paired\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used for normally distributed data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Friedman test were used for non-normally distributed data. The Bonferroni correction was used to reduce the chances of obtaining false-positive results. Statistical significance was set at\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Buccal alveolar bone thickness and alveolar bone inclinations decreased significantly from T1 to T0 and showed no significant change from T2 to T1. The total reduction T2-T0 was statistically significant. The change in palatal alveolar bone thickness was not significant T1-T0 but increased significantly for T2-T1 and T2-T0. Buccal alveolar bone height, palatal alveolar bone height, and molar inclinations increased significantly T1-T0, but there was no significant change T2-T1. The total reduction at T2-T0 was statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The results of this study revealed that the effects of the Alt-RAMEC protocol on dentoalveolar tissues were similar to the changes reported in the literature after rapid palatal expansion.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/111620-940.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,12]],"date-time":"2021-04-12T13:00:11Z","timestamp":1618232411000},"page":"626-633","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Does Alt-RAMEC protocol and facemask treatment affect dentoalveolar structures?"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Elvan \u00d6nem","family":"\u00d6zbilen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanife Nuray","family":"Y\u0131lmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasemin Bahar","family":"Acar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"261","article-title":"Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion: II. Forces present during treatment","volume":"34","author":"Isaacson","year":"1964","unstructured":"Isaacson\n RJ,\n \n \n Ingram\n AH.\n \n \n Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion: II. Forces present during treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1964;\n\t\t\t\t\t34:\n\t\t\t\t\t261\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t270."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"219","article-title":"Palatal expansion: just the beginning of dentofacial orthopedics","volume":"57","author":"Haas","year":"1970","unstructured":"Haas\n AJ.\n \n \n Palatal expansion: just the beginning of dentofacial orthopedics.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1970;\n\t\t\t\t\t57:\n\t\t\t\t\t219\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t255."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"329","article-title":"The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material","volume":"82","author":"Melsen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Melsen\n B,\n \n \n Melsen\n F.\n \n \n The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1982;\n\t\t\t\t\t82:\n\t\t\t\t\t329\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t342."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b04","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"83","article-title":"Evaluation of alveolar bone loss following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"43","author":"Baysal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baysal\n A,\n \n \n Uysal\n T,\n \n \n Veli\n I,\n \n \n Ozer\n T,\n \n \n Karadede\n I,\n \n \n Hekimoglu\n S.\n \n \n Evaluation of alveolar bone loss following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t43:\n\t\t\t\t\t83\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"428.e421","article-title":"Factors affecting buccal bone changes of maxillary posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"132","author":"Rungcharassaeng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rungcharassaeng\n K,\n \n \n Caruso\n JM,\n \n \n Kan\n JY,\n \n \n Kim\n J,\n \n \n Taylor\n G.\n \n \n Factors affecting buccal bone changes of maxillary posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t132:\n\t\t\t\t\t428.e421\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t428.e428."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"486","article-title":"Cone-beam computerized tomography evaluation of the maxillary dentoskeletal complex after rapid palatal expansion","volume":"138","author":"Kartalian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kartalian\n A,\n \n \n Gohl\n E,\n \n \n Adamian\n M,\n \n \n Enciso\n R.\n \n \n Cone-beam computerized tomography evaluation of the maxillary dentoskeletal complex after rapid palatal expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t138:\n\t\t\t\t\t486\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t492."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"504","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of bone plate and root length after maxillary expansion using tooth-borne and tooth-tissue-borne banded expanders","volume":"154","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rinaldi\n MRL,\n \n \n Azeredo\n F,\n \n \n de Lima\n EM,\n \n \n Rizzatto\n SMD,\n \n \n Sameshima\n G,\n \n \n de Menezes\n LM.\n \n \n Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of bone plate and root length after maxillary expansion using tooth-borne and tooth-tissue-borne banded expanders.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t154:\n\t\t\t\t\t504\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t516."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"24","article-title":"Immediate and post-retention effects of rapid maxillary expansion investigated by computed tomography in growing patients","volume":"79","author":"Ballanti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ballanti\n F,\n \n \n Lione\n R,\n \n \n Fanucci\n E,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Cozza\n P.\n \n \n Immediate and post-retention effects of rapid maxillary expansion investigated by computed tomography in growing patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t24\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t29."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"749","article-title":"Periodontal effects of rapid maxillary expansion with tooth-tissue-borne and tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation","volume":"129","author":"Garib","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garib\n DG,\n \n \n Henriques\n JFC,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n de Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Fernandes\n AY.\n \n \n Periodontal effects of rapid maxillary expansion with tooth-tissue-borne and tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t129:\n\t\t\t\t\t749\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t758."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"548","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion\u2014tooth tissue-borne versus tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation of dentoskeletal effects","volume":"75","author":"Garib","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garib\n DG,\n \n \n Henriques\n JFC,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Coelho\n RA.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion\u2014tooth tissue-borne versus tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation of dentoskeletal effects.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t548\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t557."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"37","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion in growing children using computer tomography scanning: a pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Podesser","year":"2007","unstructured":"Podesser\n B,\n \n \n Williams\n S,\n \n \n Crismani\n AG,\n \n \n Bantleon\n H-P.\n \n \n Evaluation of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion in growing children using computer tomography scanning: a pilot study.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t29:\n\t\t\t\t\t37\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t44."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b12","series-title":"J World Fed Orthod","first-page":"e9","article-title":"Cone beam computed tomography evaluation after palatal expansion and orthodontics","volume":"2","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nguyen\n B,\n \n \n Kadioglu\n O,\n \n \n Currier\n GF,\n \n \n Olsen\n J.\n \n \n Cone beam computed tomography evaluation after palatal expansion and orthodontics.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ World Fed Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t2:\n\t\t\t\t\te9\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te13."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b13","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"97","article-title":"Periodontal, dentoalveolar, and skeletal effects of tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne expansion appliances","volume":"148","author":"Toklu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Toklu\n MG,\n \n \n Germec-Cakan\n D,\n \n \n Tozlu\n M.\n \n \n Periodontal, dentoalveolar, and skeletal effects of tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne expansion appliances.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2015;\n\t\t\t\t\t148:\n\t\t\t\t\t97\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t109."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b14","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"121","article-title":"A new protocol for maxillary protraction in cleft patients: repetitive weekly protocol of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions","volume":"42","author":"Liou","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liou\n EJ-W,\n \n \n Tsai\n W-C.\n \n \n A new protocol for maxillary protraction in cleft patients: repetitive weekly protocol of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions.\n\t\t\t\t\tCleft Palate Craniofac J.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t42:\n\t\t\t\t\t121\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t127."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b15","series-title":"Prog Orthod","first-page":"40","article-title":"The immediate effect of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions on the alveolus: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study","volume":"19","author":"Gandedkar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gandedkar\n NH,\n \n \n Liou\n EJ-W.\n \n \n The immediate effect of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions on the alveolus: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study.\n\t\t\t\t\tProg Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t19:\n\t\t\t\t\t40."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b16","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"110","article-title":"de Deus Haughey M, Kulbersh R, Wine P, Kaczynski R. CBCT assessment of alveolar buccal bone level after RME","volume":"83","author":"Pangrazio-Kulbersh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pangrazio-Kulbersh\n V,\n \n \n Jezdimir\n B,\n \n \n de Deus Haughey M, Kulbersh R, Wine P, Kaczynski R. CBCT assessment of alveolar buccal bone level after RME.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t83:\n\t\t\t\t\t110\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t116."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b17","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"630","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study","volume":"79","author":"Barber","year":"1981","unstructured":"Barber\n AF,\n \n \n Sims\n M.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion and external root resorption in man: a scanning electron microscope study.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1981;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t630\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t652."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b18","series-title":"Imaging Sci Dent","first-page":"85","article-title":"A cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of buccal bone thickness following maxillary expansion","volume":"43","author":"Akyalcin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Akyalcin\n S,\n \n \n Schaefer\n JS,\n \n \n English\n JD,\n \n \n Stephens\n CR,\n \n \n Winkelmann\n S.\n \n \n A cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of buccal bone thickness following maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tImaging Sci Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t43:\n\t\t\t\t\t85\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t90."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"S109","article-title":"Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for measuring alveolar bone height and detecting bony dehiscences and fenestrations","volume":"137","author":"Leung","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leung\n CC,\n \n \n Palomo\n L,\n \n \n Griffith\n R,\n \n \n Hans\n MG.\n \n \n Accuracy and reliability of cone-beam computed tomography for measuring alveolar bone height and detecting bony dehiscences and fenestrations.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t137:\n\t\t\t\t\tS109\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tS119."},{"issue":"(3)","key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b20","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"353","article-title":"Factors affecting the accuracy of buccal alveolar bone height measurements from cone-beam computed tomography images","volume":"143","author":"Wood","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wood\n R,\n \n \n Sun\n Z,\n \n \n Chaudhry\n J,\n \n et al.\n \n Factors affecting the accuracy of buccal alveolar bone height measurements from cone-beam computed tomography images.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t143(3):\n\t\t\t\t\t353\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t363."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b21","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e117","article-title":"Effect of bone thickness on alveolar bone-height measurements from cone-beam computed tomography images","volume":"139","author":"Sun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sun\n Z,\n \n \n Smith\n T,\n \n \n Kortam\n S,\n \n \n Kim\n DG,\n \n \n Tee\n BC,\n \n \n Fields\n H.\n \n \n Effect of bone thickness on alveolar bone-height measurements from cone-beam computed tomography images.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2011;\n\t\t\t\t\t139:\n\t\t\t\t\te117\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\te127."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b22","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"130","article-title":"Considerations in the use of cone-beam computed tomography for buccal bone measurements","volume":"137","author":"Molen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Molen\n AD.\n \n \n Considerations in the use of cone-beam computed tomography for buccal bone measurements.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t137:\n\t\t\t\t\t130\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t135."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"261","article-title":"Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion: II. Forces present during treatment","volume":"34","author":"Isaacson","year":"1964","unstructured":"Isaacson\n RJ,\n \n \n Ingram\n AH.\n \n \n Forces produced by rapid maxillary expansion: II. Forces present during treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1964;\n\t\t\t\t\t34:\n\t\t\t\t\t261\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t270."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"219","article-title":"Palatal expansion: just the beginning of dentofacial orthopedics","volume":"57","author":"Haas","year":"1970","unstructured":"Haas\n AJ.\n \n \n Palatal expansion: just the beginning of dentofacial orthopedics.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t1970;\n\t\t\t\t\t57:\n\t\t\t\t\t219\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t255."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b03","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"329","article-title":"The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material","volume":"82","author":"Melsen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Melsen\n B,\n \n \n Melsen\n F.\n \n \n The postnatal development of the palatomaxillary region studied on human autopsy material.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t1982;\n\t\t\t\t\t82:\n\t\t\t\t\t329\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t342."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b04","series-title":"Korean J Orthod","first-page":"83","article-title":"Evaluation of alveolar bone loss following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"43","author":"Baysal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baysal\n A,\n \n \n Uysal\n T,\n \n \n Veli\n I,\n \n \n Ozer\n T,\n \n \n Karadede\n I,\n \n \n Hekimoglu\n S.\n \n \n Evaluation of alveolar bone loss following rapid maxillary expansion using cone-beam computed tomography.\n\t\t\t\t\tKorean J Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2013;\n\t\t\t\t\t43:\n\t\t\t\t\t83\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t95."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"428.e421","article-title":"Factors affecting buccal bone changes of maxillary posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"132","author":"Rungcharassaeng","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rungcharassaeng\n K,\n \n \n Caruso\n JM,\n \n \n Kan\n JY,\n \n \n Kim\n J,\n \n \n Taylor\n G.\n \n \n Factors affecting buccal bone changes of maxillary posterior teeth after rapid maxillary expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2007;\n\t\t\t\t\t132:\n\t\t\t\t\t428.e421\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t428.e428."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"486","article-title":"Cone-beam computerized tomography evaluation of the maxillary dentoskeletal complex after rapid palatal expansion","volume":"138","author":"Kartalian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kartalian\n A,\n \n \n Gohl\n E,\n \n \n Adamian\n M,\n \n \n Enciso\n R.\n \n \n Cone-beam computerized tomography evaluation of the maxillary dentoskeletal complex after rapid palatal expansion.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2010;\n\t\t\t\t\t138:\n\t\t\t\t\t486\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t492."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"504","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of bone plate and root length after maxillary expansion using tooth-borne and tooth-tissue-borne banded expanders","volume":"154","author":"Rinaldi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rinaldi\n MRL,\n \n \n Azeredo\n F,\n \n \n de Lima\n EM,\n \n \n Rizzatto\n SMD,\n \n \n Sameshima\n G,\n \n \n de Menezes\n LM.\n \n \n Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation of bone plate and root length after maxillary expansion using tooth-borne and tooth-tissue-borne banded expanders.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2018;\n\t\t\t\t\t154:\n\t\t\t\t\t504\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t516."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"24","article-title":"Immediate and post-retention effects of rapid maxillary expansion investigated by computed tomography in growing patients","volume":"79","author":"Ballanti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ballanti\n F,\n \n \n Lione\n R,\n \n \n Fanucci\n E,\n \n \n Franchi\n L,\n \n \n Baccetti\n T,\n \n \n Cozza\n P.\n \n \n Immediate and post-retention effects of rapid maxillary expansion investigated by computed tomography in growing patients.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2009;\n\t\t\t\t\t79:\n\t\t\t\t\t24\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t29."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"749","article-title":"Periodontal effects of rapid maxillary expansion with tooth-tissue-borne and tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation","volume":"129","author":"Garib","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garib\n DG,\n \n \n Henriques\n JFC,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n de Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Fernandes\n AY.\n \n \n Periodontal effects of rapid maxillary expansion with tooth-tissue-borne and tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation.\n\t\t\t\t\tAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop.\n\t\t\t\t\t2006;\n\t\t\t\t\t129:\n\t\t\t\t\t749\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t758."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"548","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion\u2014tooth tissue-borne versus tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation of dentoskeletal effects","volume":"75","author":"Garib","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garib\n DG,\n \n \n Henriques\n JFC,\n \n \n Janson\n G,\n \n \n Freitas\n MR,\n \n \n Coelho\n RA.\n \n \n Rapid maxillary expansion\u2014tooth tissue-borne versus tooth-borne expanders: a computed tomography evaluation of dentoskeletal effects.\n\t\t\t\t\tAngle Orthod.\n\t\t\t\t\t2005;\n\t\t\t\t\t75:\n\t\t\t\t\t548\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t557."},{"key":"i0003-3219-91-5-626-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"37","article-title":"Evaluation of the effects of rapid maxillary expansion in growing children using computer tomography scanning: a pilot 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