{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:42:20Z","timestamp":1782186140652,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the influence of lithium chloride (LiCl) on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR), and bone morphometry.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Ten-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups based on the concentration of LiCl administered daily per kilogram body weight: 0 (control group), 0.32, 0.64, and 1.28 mM\/kg body weight. The maxillary left first molars were moved mesially by a 10 cN coil spring for 14 days. Micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscope, and scanning laser microscope images were taken to measure the amount of OTM, the volume of OIRR, and bone morphometry.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n OIRR clearly decreased depending on the amount of LiCl administered, although OTM moderately decreased. The tooth inclined mesially and the root apex moved distally in the control and 0.32 mM groups. On the other hand, the tooth inclination angle became smaller and the root apex moved mesially in the 0.64 and 1.28 mM groups. In bone morphometry, the cortical bone mineral content and bone volume increased because of LiCl administration, and the trabecular bone measurements decreased. OIRR negatively correlated to the cortical bone measurements, and the amount of OTM significantly correlated to the cortical bone morphometry.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n In rats, LiCl reduced OIRR, which induced mesial movement of the tooth root apex. OIRR positively correlated to cortical bone morphometry.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/112017-801.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T08:21:19Z","timestamp":1522657279000},"page":"474-482","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Lithium chloride reduces orthodontically induced root resorption and affects tooth root movement in rats"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Airi","family":"Ino-Kondo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Hotokezaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanobu","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keira","family":"Arizono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Hotokezaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology and Cancer Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Kurohama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Resident, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriaki","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b01","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"331","article-title":"Lithium's effect on bone mineral density","volume":"44","author":"Zamani \n A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zamani \n A.\n \n \n Omrani \n GR.\n \n \n Nasab \n MM.\n \n \n Lithium's effect on bone mineral density. Bone. 2009;44:331\u2013334."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b02","series-title":"Biochem Pharmacol","first-page":"397","article-title":"Acceleration of bone regeneration by local application of lithium: Wnt signal-mediated osteoblastogenesis and Wnt signal-independent suppression of osteoclastogenesis","volume":"90","author":"Arioka \n M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arioka \n M.\n \n \n Takahashi-Yanaga \n F.\n \n \n Sasaki \n M.\n \n et al. \n Acceleration of bone regeneration by local application of lithium: Wnt signal-mediated osteoblastogenesis and Wnt signal-independent suppression of osteoclastogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;90:397\u2013405."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b03","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"17406","article-title":"Lrp5-independent activation of Wnt signaling by lithium chloride increases bone formation and bone mass in mice","volume":"102","author":"Clement-Lacroix \n P.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Clement-Lacroix \n P.\n \n \n Ai \n M.\n \n \n Morvan \n F.\n \n et al. \n Lrp5-independent activation of Wnt signaling by lithium chloride increases bone formation and bone mass in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:17406\u201317411."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b04","series-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun","first-page":"84","article-title":"Activated beta-catenin induces osteoblast differentiation of C3H10T1\/2 cells and participates in BMP2 mediated signal transduction","volume":"301","author":"Bain \n G.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bain \n G.\n \n \n Muller \n T.\n \n \n Wang \n X.\n \n \n Papkoff \n J.\n \n \n Activated beta-catenin induces osteoblast differentiation of C3H10T1\/2 cells and participates in BMP2 mediated signal transduction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;301:84\u201391."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b05","series-title":"J Cell Biol","first-page":"537","article-title":"Canonical Wnt signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis independent of osteoprotegerin","volume":"200","author":"Albers \n J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Albers \n J.\n \n \n Keller \n J.\n \n \n Baranowsky \n A.\n \n et al. \n Canonical Wnt signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis independent of osteoprotegerin. J Cell Biol. 2013;200:537\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"33","article-title":"Effectiveness of biologic methods of inhibiting orthodontic tooth movement in animal studies","volume":"150","author":"Cadenas-Perula \n M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cadenas-Perula \n M.\n \n \n Yanez-Vico \n RM.\n \n \n Solano-Reina \n E.\n \n \n Iglesias-Linares \n A.\n \n \n Effectiveness of biologic methods of inhibiting orthodontic tooth movement in animal studies. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;150:33\u201348."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"16","article-title":"Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review","volume":"135","author":"Bartzela \n T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bartzela \n T.\n \n \n Turp \n JC.\n \n \n Motschall \n E.\n \n \n Maltha \n JC.\n \n \n Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:16\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"766","article-title":"The effect of bone morphometric changes on orthodontic tooth movement in an osteoporotic animal model","volume":"83","author":"Hashimoto \n M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hashimoto \n M.\n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H.\n \n \n Sirisoontorn \n I.\n \n et al. \n The effect of bone morphometric changes on orthodontic tooth movement in an osteoporotic animal model. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:766\u2013773."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b09","series-title":"J Dent (Tehran)","first-page":"882","article-title":"Effect of fluoxetine consumption on orthodontic tooth movement in rats","volume":"12","author":"Mirhashemi \n AH.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mirhashemi \n AH.\n \n \n Ahmad Akhoundi \n MS.\n \n \n Sheikhzadeh \n S.\n \n et al. \n Effect of fluoxetine consumption on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J Dent (Tehran). 2015;12:882\u2013889."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"235","article-title":"Root resorption in bicuspid intrusion: a scanning electron microscope study","volume":"52","author":"Harry \n MR.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Harry \n MR.\n \n \n Sims \n MR.\n \n \n Root resorption in bicuspid intrusion: a scanning electron microscope study. Angle Orthod. 1982;52:235\u2013258."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Transition and determinants of orthodontic root resorption-repair sequence","volume":"17","author":"Brudvik \n P.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brudvik \n P.\n \n \n Rygh \n P.\n \n \n Transition and determinants of orthodontic root resorption-repair sequence. Eur J Orthod. 1995;17:177\u2013188."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b12","series-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage","first-page":"321","article-title":"Vitamin E protects rat mesenchymal stem cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in vitro and improves their therapeutic potential in surgically-induced rat model of osteoarthritis","volume":"25","author":"Bhatti \n FU.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhatti \n FU.\n \n \n Mehmood \n A.\n \n \n Latief \n N.\n \n et al. \n Vitamin E protects rat mesenchymal stem cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in vitro and improves their therapeutic potential in surgically-induced rat model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017;25:321\u2013331."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b13","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0160400","article-title":"Effect of the chronic use of lithium carbonate on induced tooth movement in Wistar rats","volume":"11","author":"da Silva Kagy \n V.","year":"2016","unstructured":"da Silva Kagy \n V.\n \n \n Trevisan Bittencourt Muniz \n L.\n \n \n Michels \n AC.\n \n et al. \n Effect of the chronic use of lithium carbonate on induced tooth movement in Wistar rats. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0160400."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b14","series-title":"Exp Ther Med","first-page":"468","article-title":"Lithium chloride attenuates root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in rats","volume":"7","author":"Wang \n Y.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang \n Y.\n \n \n Gao \n S.\n \n \n Jiang \n H.\n \n et al. \n Lithium chloride attenuates root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Exp Ther Med. 2014;7:468\u2013472."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n C.\n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H.\n \n \n Yoshimatsu \n M.\n \n \n Yozgatian \n JH.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Yoshida \n N.\n \n \n Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b16","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35980","article-title":"Age-related adaptation of bone-PDL-tooth complex: Rattus-Norvegicus as a model system","volume":"7","author":"Leong \n NL.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leong \n NL.\n \n \n Hurng \n JM.\n \n \n Djomehri \n SI.\n \n \n Gansky \n SA.\n \n \n Ryder \n MI.\n \n \n Ho \n SP.\n \n \n Age-related adaptation of bone-PDL-tooth complex: Rattus-Norvegicus as a model system. PLoS One. 2012;7:e35980."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b17","series-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci","first-page":"1930","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase 3: a key regulator of cellular fate","volume":"64","author":"Forde \n JE.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Forde \n JE.\n \n \n Dale \n TC.\n \n \n Glycogen synthase kinase 3: a key regulator of cellular fate. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007;64:1930\u20131944."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b18","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"33470","article-title":"Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity","volume":"6","author":"Sousa \n DM.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sousa \n DM.\n \n \n Conceicao \n F.\n \n \n Silva \n DI.\n \n et al. \n Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity. Sci Rep. 2016;6:33470."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b19","series-title":"Biol Pharm Bull","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Glucosamines attenuate bone loss due to menopause by regulating osteoclast function in ovariectomized mice","volume":"39","author":"Asai \n H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Asai \n H.\n \n \n Nakatani \n S.\n \n \n Kato \n T.\n \n et al. \n Glucosamines attenuate bone loss due to menopause by regulating osteoclast function in ovariectomized mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39:1035\u20131041."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b01","series-title":"Bone","first-page":"331","article-title":"Lithium's effect on bone mineral density","volume":"44","author":"Zamani \n A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zamani \n A.\n \n \n Omrani \n GR.\n \n \n Nasab \n MM.\n \n \n Lithium's effect on bone mineral density. Bone. 2009;44:331\u2013334."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b02","series-title":"Biochem Pharmacol","first-page":"397","article-title":"Acceleration of bone regeneration by local application of lithium: Wnt signal-mediated osteoblastogenesis and Wnt signal-independent suppression of osteoclastogenesis","volume":"90","author":"Arioka \n M.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arioka \n M.\n \n \n Takahashi-Yanaga \n F.\n \n \n Sasaki \n M.\n \n et al. \n Acceleration of bone regeneration by local application of lithium: Wnt signal-mediated osteoblastogenesis and Wnt signal-independent suppression of osteoclastogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;90:397\u2013405."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b03","series-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","first-page":"17406","article-title":"Lrp5-independent activation of Wnt signaling by lithium chloride increases bone formation and bone mass in mice","volume":"102","author":"Clement-Lacroix \n P.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Clement-Lacroix \n P.\n \n \n Ai \n M.\n \n \n Morvan \n F.\n \n et al. \n Lrp5-independent activation of Wnt signaling by lithium chloride increases bone formation and bone mass in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102:17406\u201317411."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b04","series-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun","first-page":"84","article-title":"Activated beta-catenin induces osteoblast differentiation of C3H10T1\/2 cells and participates in BMP2 mediated signal transduction","volume":"301","author":"Bain \n G.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bain \n G.\n \n \n Muller \n T.\n \n \n Wang \n X.\n \n \n Papkoff \n J.\n \n \n Activated beta-catenin induces osteoblast differentiation of C3H10T1\/2 cells and participates in BMP2 mediated signal transduction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003;301:84\u201391."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b05","series-title":"J Cell Biol","first-page":"537","article-title":"Canonical Wnt signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis independent of osteoprotegerin","volume":"200","author":"Albers \n J.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Albers \n J.\n \n \n Keller \n J.\n \n \n Baranowsky \n A.\n \n et al. \n Canonical Wnt signaling inhibits osteoclastogenesis independent of osteoprotegerin. J Cell Biol. 2013;200:537\u2013549."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"33","article-title":"Effectiveness of biologic methods of inhibiting orthodontic tooth movement in animal studies","volume":"150","author":"Cadenas-Perula \n M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cadenas-Perula \n M.\n \n \n Yanez-Vico \n RM.\n \n \n Solano-Reina \n E.\n \n \n Iglesias-Linares \n A.\n \n \n Effectiveness of biologic methods of inhibiting orthodontic tooth movement in animal studies. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2016;150:33\u201348."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"16","article-title":"Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review","volume":"135","author":"Bartzela \n T.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bartzela \n T.\n \n \n Turp \n JC.\n \n \n Motschall \n E.\n \n \n Maltha \n JC.\n \n \n Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009;135:16\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b08","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"766","article-title":"The effect of bone morphometric changes on orthodontic tooth movement in an osteoporotic animal model","volume":"83","author":"Hashimoto \n M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hashimoto \n M.\n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H.\n \n \n Sirisoontorn \n I.\n \n et al. \n The effect of bone morphometric changes on orthodontic tooth movement in an osteoporotic animal model. Angle Orthod. 2013;83:766\u2013773."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b09","series-title":"J Dent (Tehran)","first-page":"882","article-title":"Effect of fluoxetine consumption on orthodontic tooth movement in rats","volume":"12","author":"Mirhashemi \n AH.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mirhashemi \n AH.\n \n \n Ahmad Akhoundi \n MS.\n \n \n Sheikhzadeh \n S.\n \n et al. \n Effect of fluoxetine consumption on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J Dent (Tehran). 2015;12:882\u2013889."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"235","article-title":"Root resorption in bicuspid intrusion: a scanning electron microscope study","volume":"52","author":"Harry \n MR.","year":"1982","unstructured":"Harry \n MR.\n \n \n Sims \n MR.\n \n \n Root resorption in bicuspid intrusion: a scanning electron microscope study. Angle Orthod. 1982;52:235\u2013258."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b11","series-title":"Eur J Orthod","first-page":"177","article-title":"Transition and determinants of orthodontic root resorption-repair sequence","volume":"17","author":"Brudvik \n P.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Brudvik \n P.\n \n \n Rygh \n P.\n \n \n Transition and determinants of orthodontic root resorption-repair sequence. Eur J Orthod. 1995;17:177\u2013188."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b12","series-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage","first-page":"321","article-title":"Vitamin E protects rat mesenchymal stem cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in vitro and improves their therapeutic potential in surgically-induced rat model of osteoarthritis","volume":"25","author":"Bhatti \n FU.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhatti \n FU.\n \n \n Mehmood \n A.\n \n \n Latief \n N.\n \n et al. \n Vitamin E protects rat mesenchymal stem cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in vitro and improves their therapeutic potential in surgically-induced rat model of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017;25:321\u2013331."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b13","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0160400","article-title":"Effect of the chronic use of lithium carbonate on induced tooth movement in Wistar rats","volume":"11","author":"da Silva Kagy \n V.","year":"2016","unstructured":"da Silva Kagy \n V.\n \n \n Trevisan Bittencourt Muniz \n L.\n \n \n Michels \n AC.\n \n et al. \n Effect of the chronic use of lithium carbonate on induced tooth movement in Wistar rats. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0160400."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b14","series-title":"Exp Ther Med","first-page":"468","article-title":"Lithium chloride attenuates root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in rats","volume":"7","author":"Wang \n Y.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang \n Y.\n \n \n Gao \n S.\n \n \n Jiang \n H.\n \n et al. \n Lithium chloride attenuates root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Exp Ther Med. 2014;7:468\u2013472."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b15","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"502","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","author":"Gonzales \n C.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gonzales \n C.\n \n \n Hotokezaka \n H.\n \n \n Yoshimatsu \n M.\n \n \n Yozgatian \n JH.\n \n \n Darendeliler \n MA.\n \n \n Yoshida \n N.\n \n \n Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar. Angle Orthod. 2008;78:502\u2013509."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b16","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e35980","article-title":"Age-related adaptation of bone-PDL-tooth complex: Rattus-Norvegicus as a model system","volume":"7","author":"Leong \n NL.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Leong \n NL.\n \n \n Hurng \n JM.\n \n \n Djomehri \n SI.\n \n \n Gansky \n SA.\n \n \n Ryder \n MI.\n \n \n Ho \n SP.\n \n \n Age-related adaptation of bone-PDL-tooth complex: Rattus-Norvegicus as a model system. PLoS One. 2012;7:e35980."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b17","series-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci","first-page":"1930","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase 3: a key regulator of cellular fate","volume":"64","author":"Forde \n JE.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Forde \n JE.\n \n \n Dale \n TC.\n \n \n Glycogen synthase kinase 3: a key regulator of cellular fate. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2007;64:1930\u20131944."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b18","series-title":"Sci Rep","first-page":"33470","article-title":"Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity","volume":"6","author":"Sousa \n DM.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sousa \n DM.\n \n \n Conceicao \n F.\n \n \n Silva \n DI.\n \n et al. \n Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity. Sci Rep. 2016;6:33470."},{"key":"i0003-3219-88-4-474-b19","series-title":"Biol Pharm Bull","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Glucosamines attenuate bone loss due to menopause by regulating osteoclast function in ovariectomized mice","volume":"39","author":"Asai \n H.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Asai \n H.\n \n \n Nakatani \n S.\n \n \n Kato \n T.\n \n et al. \n Glucosamines attenuate bone loss due to menopause by regulating osteoclast function in ovariectomized mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39:1035\u20131041."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/88\/4\/article-p474.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/88\/4\/474\/1395555\/112017-801_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/88\/4\/article-p474.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/88\/4\/article-p474.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:10:49Z","timestamp":1780067449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/88\/4\/article-p474.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/112017-801.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}}}