{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:06:51Z","timestamp":1780067211914,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Class III open bite malocclusion can be among the most difficult case types to obtain an excellent occlusal, skeletal, and facial outcome. Treatment options include growth modification, extraction for orthodontic camouflage, and orthognathic surgery. For the most severely affected and non-growing patients, orthognathic surgery is often the most predictable and, in some situations, the only viable way of achieving an optimal result. The risks and benefits of surgical treatment options can occasionally be difficult to assess particularly for providers with limited experience. Two-dimensional surgical predictions can assist but do not permit the third dimension to be visualized. New techniques of computer-aided surgical simulation can enable the surgeon, orthodontist, and patient to better visualize and understand the treatment approach and enable them to make the most effective and efficient treatment related decisions. This case merges knowledge of the full spectrum of historical surgical techniques with the new approach of computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) to perform complex segmental maxillary and mandibular surgery to obtain an excellent functional and esthetic result.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2319\/120117-823.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T08:58:21Z","timestamp":1527238701000},"page":"138-148","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Three-dimensional treatment planning for maxillary and mandibular segmental surgery for an adult Class III: Where old meets new"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"R. Scott","family":"Conley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"LB Badgero Endowed Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Orthodontics, University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Associate Professor and Program Director, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b01","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"97","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey","volume":"13","author":"Proffit \n              WR,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Proffit \n              WR, \n            \n            \n              Fields \n              HW\n              Jr, \n            \n            \n              Moray \n              LJ. \n            \n          \n          Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1998;13:97\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b02","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"23","article-title":"A review of the literature on the prevalence of Class III malocclusion and the mandibular prognathic growth hypotheses","volume":"12","author":"van Vuuren \n              C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"van Vuuren \n              C. \n            \n          \n          A review of the literature on the prevalence of Class III malocclusion and the mandibular prognathic growth hypotheses. Aust Orthod J. 1991;12:23\u201328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b03","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"138","article-title":"A study of Class III treatment: orthodontic camouflage vs orthognathic surgery","volume":"31","author":"Georgalis \n              K,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Georgalis \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Woods \n              MG. \n            \n          \n          A study of Class III treatment: orthodontic camouflage vs orthognathic surgery. Aust Orthod J. 2015;31:138\u2013148."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"9.e1","article-title":"Class III camouflage treatment: what are the limits?","volume":"137","author":"Burns \n              NR,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burns \n              NR, \n            \n            \n              Musich \n              DR, \n            \n            \n              Martin \n              C, \n            \n            \n              Razmus \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Gunel \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Ngan \n              P. \n            \n          \n          Class III camouflage treatment: what are the limits?\n          Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:9.e1\u20139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"22","article-title":"Evolution of Class III treatment in orthodontics","volume":"148","author":"Ngan \n              P,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngan \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Moon \n              W. \n            \n          \n          Evolution of Class III treatment in orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;148:22\u201336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b06","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"209","article-title":"Assessment of patients for orthognathic surgery","volume":"5","author":"Bailey \n              LJ,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bailey \n              LJ, \n            \n            \n              Proffit \n              WR, \n            \n            \n              White \n              R\n              Jr. \n            \n          \n          Assessment of patients for orthognathic surgery. Semin Orthod. 1999;5:209\u2013222."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"99","article-title":"Maxillary protraction with miniplates providing skeletal anchorage in a growing Class III patient","volume":"139","author":"Cha \n              BK,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cha \n              BK, \n            \n            \n              Choi \n              DS, \n            \n            \n              Ngan \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Jost-Brinkmann \n              PG, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              SM, \n            \n            \n              Jang \n              IS. \n            \n          \n          Maxillary protraction with miniplates providing skeletal anchorage in a growing Class III patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:99\u2013112."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b08","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"401","article-title":"TAD-based system for camouflage treatment of severe skeletal class III malocclusion","volume":"50","author":"Itsuki \n              Y,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Itsuki \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Imamura \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Sugawara \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Nanda \n              R. A\n            \n          \n          TAD-based system for camouflage treatment of severe skeletal class III malocclusion. J Clin Orthod. 2016;50:401\u2013412."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"790","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of maxillary changes associated with bone anchored maxillary protraction","volume":"140","author":"Nguyen \n              T,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nguyen \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Cevidanes \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Cornelis \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Heymann \n              G, \n            \n            \n              de Paula \n              LK, \n            \n            \n              De Clerck \n              H. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional assessment of maxillary changes associated with bone anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:790\u2013798."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b10","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"323","article-title":"Strategies to finish orthodontic treatment with a Class III molar relationship: three patient reports","volume":"10","author":"Farret \n              MM,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Farret \n              MM, \n            \n            \n              Farret \n              MM, \n            \n            \n              Farret \n              AM. \n            \n          \n          Strategies to finish orthodontic treatment with a Class III molar relationship: three patient reports. World J Orthod. 2009;10:323\u2013333."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"423","article-title":"Mandibular and glenoid fossa changes after bone-anchored maxillary protraction therapy in patients with UCLP: a 3-D preliminary assessment","volume":"87","author":"Yatabe \n              M,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yatabe \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Garib \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Faco \n              R, \n            \n            et al. \n          Mandibular and glenoid fossa changes after bone-anchored maxillary protraction therapy in patients with UCLP: a 3-D preliminary assessment. Angle Orthod. 2017;87:423\u2013431."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b12","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"297","article-title":"Nonextraction \u201csurgery first\u201d treatment of a skeletal Class III patient with severe maxillary crowding","volume":"47","author":"Aymach \n              Z,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aymach \n              Z, \n            \n            \n              Sugawara \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Goto \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Nagasaka \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Nanda \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Nonextraction \u201csurgery first\u201d treatment of a skeletal Class III patient with severe maxillary crowding. J Clin Orthod. 2013;47:297\u2013304."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b13","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"97","article-title":"Expedited correction of significant dentofacial asymmetry using a \u201csurgery first\u201d approach","volume":"44","author":"Villegas \n              C,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Villegas \n              C, \n            \n            \n              Uribe \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Sugawara \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Nanda \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Expedited correction of significant dentofacial asymmetry using a \u201csurgery first\u201d approach. J Clin Orthod. 2010;44:97\u2013103."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b14","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"126","article-title":"Facial profile and orthognathic surgery","volume":"11","author":"Hunt \n              NP,","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hunt \n              NP, \n            \n            \n              Rudge \n              SJ. \n            \n          \n          Facial profile and orthognathic surgery. Br J Orthod. 1984;11:126\u2013136."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b15","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"754","article-title":"Accuracy of cephalometric prediction in orthognathic surgery","volume":"45","author":"Friede \n              H,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Friede \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Kahnberg \n              KE, \n            \n            \n              Adell \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Ridell \n              A. \n            \n          \n          Accuracy of cephalometric prediction in orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1987;45:754\u2013760."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b16","series-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg","first-page":"79","article-title":"Reliability and feasibility of prediction tracing in orthognathic surgery","volume":"15","author":"Pospisil \n              OA.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pospisil \n              OA. \n            \n          \n          Reliability and feasibility of prediction tracing in orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1987;15:79\u201383."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b17","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"55","article-title":"A comparison of a computer-based orthognathic surgery prediction system to postsurgical results","volume":"12","author":"Gerbo \n              LR,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gerbo \n              LR, \n            \n            \n              Poulton \n              DR, \n            \n            \n              Covell \n              DA, \n            \n            \n              Russell \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          A comparison of a computer-based orthognathic surgery prediction system to postsurgical results. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12:55\u201363."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b18","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"245","article-title":"Computerized prediction of the results of orthognathic surgery","volume":"13","author":"Harradine \n              NW,","year":"1985","unstructured":"Harradine \n              NW, \n            \n            \n              Birnie \n              DJ. \n            \n          \n          Computerized prediction of the results of orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1985;13:245\u2013249."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b19","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"2080","article-title":"Three-dimensional treatment planning of orthognathic surgery in the era of virtual imaging","volume":"67","author":"Swennen \n              GR,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Swennen \n              GR, \n            \n            \n              Mollemans \n              W, \n            \n            \n              Schutyser \n              F. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional treatment planning of orthognathic surgery in the era of virtual imaging. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:2080\u20132092."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b20","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"128","article-title":"Accuracy of a computer-aided surgical simulation protocol for orthognathic surgery: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"71","author":"Hsu \n              SS,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hsu \n              SS, \n            \n            \n              Gateno \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Bell \n              RB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Accuracy of a computer-aided surgical simulation protocol for orthognathic surgery: a prospective multicenter study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71:128\u2013142."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b21","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"1431","article-title":"Algorithm for planning a double-jaw orthognathic surgery using a computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) protocol. Part 1: planning sequence","volume":"44","author":"Xia \n              JJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xia \n              JJ, \n            \n            \n              Gateno \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Teichgraeber \n              JF, \n            \n            et al. \n          Algorithm for planning a double-jaw orthognathic surgery using a computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) protocol. Part 1: planning sequence. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;44:1431\u20131440."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b22","series-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am","first-page":"459","article-title":"Virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery","volume":"26","author":"Farrell \n              BB,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Farrell \n              BB, \n            \n            \n              Franco \n              PB, \n            \n            \n              Tucker \n              MR. \n            \n          \n          Virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2014;26:459\u2013473."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b23","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"2","article-title":"The surgical correction of mandibular prognathism","volume":"53","author":"New \n              GB,","year":"1941","unstructured":"New \n              GB, \n            \n            \n              Erich \n              JB. \n            \n          \n          The surgical correction of mandibular prognathism. Am J Surg. 1941;53:2\u201312."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b24","series-title":"Am J Dent Sci","first-page":"157","article-title":"Case of elongation of the under jaw and distortion of the face and neck caused by a burn, successfully treated","volume":"9","author":"Hullihen \n              SP.","year":"1849","unstructured":"Hullihen \n              SP. \n            \n          \n          Case of elongation of the under jaw and distortion of the face and neck caused by a burn, successfully treated. Am J Dent Sci. 1849;9:157."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b25","series-title":"J Oral Surg","first-page":"731","article-title":"The origin of the Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy: Cheever's operation","volume":"39","author":"Moloney \n              F,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Moloney \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Worthington \n              P. \n            \n          \n          The origin of the Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy: Cheever's operation. J Oral Surg. 1981;39:731\u2013734."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b01","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"97","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey","volume":"13","author":"Proffit \n              WR,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Proffit \n              WR, \n            \n            \n              Fields \n              HW\n              Jr, \n            \n            \n              Moray \n              LJ. \n            \n          \n          Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in the United States: estimates from the NHANES III survey. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1998;13:97\u2013106."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b02","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"23","article-title":"A review of the literature on the prevalence of Class III malocclusion and the mandibular prognathic growth hypotheses","volume":"12","author":"van Vuuren \n              C.","year":"1991","unstructured":"van Vuuren \n              C. \n            \n          \n          A review of the literature on the prevalence of Class III malocclusion and the mandibular prognathic growth hypotheses. Aust Orthod J. 1991;12:23\u201328."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b03","series-title":"Aust Orthod J","first-page":"138","article-title":"A study of Class III treatment: orthodontic camouflage vs orthognathic surgery","volume":"31","author":"Georgalis \n              K,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Georgalis \n              K, \n            \n            \n              Woods \n              MG. \n            \n          \n          A study of Class III treatment: orthodontic camouflage vs orthognathic surgery. Aust Orthod J. 2015;31:138\u2013148."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b04","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"9.e1","article-title":"Class III camouflage treatment: what are the limits?","volume":"137","author":"Burns \n              NR,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burns \n              NR, \n            \n            \n              Musich \n              DR, \n            \n            \n              Martin \n              C, \n            \n            \n              Razmus \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Gunel \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Ngan \n              P. \n            \n          \n          Class III camouflage treatment: what are the limits?\n          Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137:9.e1\u20139."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"22","article-title":"Evolution of Class III treatment in orthodontics","volume":"148","author":"Ngan \n              P,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ngan \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Moon \n              W. \n            \n          \n          Evolution of Class III treatment in orthodontics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2015;148:22\u201336."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b06","series-title":"Semin Orthod","first-page":"209","article-title":"Assessment of patients for orthognathic surgery","volume":"5","author":"Bailey \n              LJ,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bailey \n              LJ, \n            \n            \n              Proffit \n              WR, \n            \n            \n              White \n              R\n              Jr. \n            \n          \n          Assessment of patients for orthognathic surgery. Semin Orthod. 1999;5:209\u2013222."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"99","article-title":"Maxillary protraction with miniplates providing skeletal anchorage in a growing Class III patient","volume":"139","author":"Cha \n              BK,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cha \n              BK, \n            \n            \n              Choi \n              DS, \n            \n            \n              Ngan \n              P, \n            \n            \n              Jost-Brinkmann \n              PG, \n            \n            \n              Kim \n              SM, \n            \n            \n              Jang \n              IS. \n            \n          \n          Maxillary protraction with miniplates providing skeletal anchorage in a growing Class III patient. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;139:99\u2013112."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b08","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"401","article-title":"TAD-based system for camouflage treatment of severe skeletal class III malocclusion","volume":"50","author":"Itsuki \n              Y,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Itsuki \n              Y, \n            \n            \n              Imamura \n              E, \n            \n            \n              Sugawara \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Nanda \n              R. A\n            \n          \n          TAD-based system for camouflage treatment of severe skeletal class III malocclusion. J Clin Orthod. 2016;50:401\u2013412."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"790","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of maxillary changes associated with bone anchored maxillary protraction","volume":"140","author":"Nguyen \n              T,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nguyen \n              T, \n            \n            \n              Cevidanes \n              L, \n            \n            \n              Cornelis \n              MA, \n            \n            \n              Heymann \n              G, \n            \n            \n              de Paula \n              LK, \n            \n            \n              De Clerck \n              H. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional assessment of maxillary changes associated with bone anchored maxillary protraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011;140:790\u2013798."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b10","series-title":"World J Orthod","first-page":"323","article-title":"Strategies to finish orthodontic treatment with a Class III molar relationship: three patient reports","volume":"10","author":"Farret \n              MM,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Farret \n              MM, \n            \n            \n              Farret \n              MM, \n            \n            \n              Farret \n              AM. \n            \n          \n          Strategies to finish orthodontic treatment with a Class III molar relationship: three patient reports. World J Orthod. 2009;10:323\u2013333."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b11","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"423","article-title":"Mandibular and glenoid fossa changes after bone-anchored maxillary protraction therapy in patients with UCLP: a 3-D preliminary assessment","volume":"87","author":"Yatabe \n              M,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yatabe \n              M, \n            \n            \n              Garib \n              D, \n            \n            \n              Faco \n              R, \n            \n            et al. \n          Mandibular and glenoid fossa changes after bone-anchored maxillary protraction therapy in patients with UCLP: a 3-D preliminary assessment. Angle Orthod. 2017;87:423\u2013431."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b12","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"297","article-title":"Nonextraction \u201csurgery first\u201d treatment of a skeletal Class III patient with severe maxillary crowding","volume":"47","author":"Aymach \n              Z,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aymach \n              Z, \n            \n            \n              Sugawara \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Goto \n              S, \n            \n            \n              Nagasaka \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Nanda \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Nonextraction \u201csurgery first\u201d treatment of a skeletal Class III patient with severe maxillary crowding. J Clin Orthod. 2013;47:297\u2013304."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b13","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"97","article-title":"Expedited correction of significant dentofacial asymmetry using a \u201csurgery first\u201d approach","volume":"44","author":"Villegas \n              C,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Villegas \n              C, \n            \n            \n              Uribe \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Sugawara \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Nanda \n              R. \n            \n          \n          Expedited correction of significant dentofacial asymmetry using a \u201csurgery first\u201d approach. J Clin Orthod. 2010;44:97\u2013103."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b14","series-title":"Br J Orthod","first-page":"126","article-title":"Facial profile and orthognathic surgery","volume":"11","author":"Hunt \n              NP,","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hunt \n              NP, \n            \n            \n              Rudge \n              SJ. \n            \n          \n          Facial profile and orthognathic surgery. Br J Orthod. 1984;11:126\u2013136."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b15","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"754","article-title":"Accuracy of cephalometric prediction in orthognathic surgery","volume":"45","author":"Friede \n              H,","year":"1987","unstructured":"Friede \n              H, \n            \n            \n              Kahnberg \n              KE, \n            \n            \n              Adell \n              R, \n            \n            \n              Ridell \n              A. \n            \n          \n          Accuracy of cephalometric prediction in orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1987;45:754\u2013760."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b16","series-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg","first-page":"79","article-title":"Reliability and feasibility of prediction tracing in orthognathic surgery","volume":"15","author":"Pospisil \n              OA.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Pospisil \n              OA. \n            \n          \n          Reliability and feasibility of prediction tracing in orthognathic surgery. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1987;15:79\u201383."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b17","series-title":"Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg","first-page":"55","article-title":"A comparison of a computer-based orthognathic surgery prediction system to postsurgical results","volume":"12","author":"Gerbo \n              LR,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gerbo \n              LR, \n            \n            \n              Poulton \n              DR, \n            \n            \n              Covell \n              DA, \n            \n            \n              Russell \n              CA. \n            \n          \n          A comparison of a computer-based orthognathic surgery prediction system to postsurgical results. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg. 1997;12:55\u201363."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b18","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"245","article-title":"Computerized prediction of the results of orthognathic surgery","volume":"13","author":"Harradine \n              NW,","year":"1985","unstructured":"Harradine \n              NW, \n            \n            \n              Birnie \n              DJ. \n            \n          \n          Computerized prediction of the results of orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1985;13:245\u2013249."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b19","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"2080","article-title":"Three-dimensional treatment planning of orthognathic surgery in the era of virtual imaging","volume":"67","author":"Swennen \n              GR,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Swennen \n              GR, \n            \n            \n              Mollemans \n              W, \n            \n            \n              Schutyser \n              F. \n            \n          \n          Three-dimensional treatment planning of orthognathic surgery in the era of virtual imaging. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67:2080\u20132092."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b20","series-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"128","article-title":"Accuracy of a computer-aided surgical simulation protocol for orthognathic surgery: a prospective multicenter study","volume":"71","author":"Hsu \n              SS,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hsu \n              SS, \n            \n            \n              Gateno \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Bell \n              RB, \n            \n            et al. \n          Accuracy of a computer-aided surgical simulation protocol for orthognathic surgery: a prospective multicenter study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2013;71:128\u2013142."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b21","series-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg","first-page":"1431","article-title":"Algorithm for planning a double-jaw orthognathic surgery using a computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) protocol. Part 1: planning sequence","volume":"44","author":"Xia \n              JJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xia \n              JJ, \n            \n            \n              Gateno \n              J, \n            \n            \n              Teichgraeber \n              JF, \n            \n            et al. \n          Algorithm for planning a double-jaw orthognathic surgery using a computer-aided surgical simulation (CASS) protocol. Part 1: planning sequence. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;44:1431\u20131440."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b22","series-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am","first-page":"459","article-title":"Virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery","volume":"26","author":"Farrell \n              BB,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Farrell \n              BB, \n            \n            \n              Franco \n              PB, \n            \n            \n              Tucker \n              MR. \n            \n          \n          Virtual surgical planning in orthognathic surgery. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2014;26:459\u2013473."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b23","series-title":"Am J Surg","first-page":"2","article-title":"The surgical correction of mandibular prognathism","volume":"53","author":"New \n              GB,","year":"1941","unstructured":"New \n              GB, \n            \n            \n              Erich \n              JB. \n            \n          \n          The surgical correction of mandibular prognathism. Am J Surg. 1941;53:2\u201312."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b24","series-title":"Am J Dent Sci","first-page":"157","article-title":"Case of elongation of the under jaw and distortion of the face and neck caused by a burn, successfully treated","volume":"9","author":"Hullihen \n              SP.","year":"1849","unstructured":"Hullihen \n              SP. \n            \n          \n          Case of elongation of the under jaw and distortion of the face and neck caused by a burn, successfully treated. Am J Dent Sci. 1849;9:157."},{"key":"i0003-3219-89-1-138-b25","series-title":"J Oral Surg","first-page":"731","article-title":"The origin of the Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy: Cheever's operation","volume":"39","author":"Moloney \n              F,","year":"1981","unstructured":"Moloney \n              F, \n            \n            \n              Worthington \n              P. \n            \n          \n          The origin of the Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy: Cheever's operation. J Oral Surg. 1981;39:731\u2013734."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/89\/1\/article-p138.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/89\/1\/138\/1394670\/120117-823_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/89\/1\/article-p138.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/89\/1\/article-p138.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T14:50:53Z","timestamp":1780066253000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/89\/1\/article-p138.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/120117-823.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}}}