{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:06:15Z","timestamp":1780067175085,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess case outcomes using the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO) Objective Grading System (OGS) in patients treated with lower incisor extraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Discrepancy indices (DI) were used to stratify patients into mild, moderate, and complex categories and overjet, overbite, and buccal occlusion were examined. Nineteen subjects were included in the study, among which 52.6% were females.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average (SD) age was 28.5 (15.1) years, and the average (SD) DI was 15.2 (8.6) with an even distribution of mild, moderate, and complex cases. The mean post-treatment OGS was 31, with 52.6% of the patients achieving passing ABO clinical scores. 31.6% achieved normal post-treatment overjet. A total of 52.6% achieved normal post-treatment overbite, and 84.2% achieved normal post-treatment buccal occlusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An increase in overbite and overjet, and a decrease in buccal occlusion measurement, were found after lower incisor extraction treatment. The ABO-OGS scores obtained were high, indicating that they may not pass the ABO criteria established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/120524-997.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T20:02:46Z","timestamp":1746043366000},"page":"420-428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of treatment outcome assessment using the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System in subjects treated with lower incisor extraction with severe to moderate crowding"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Inna","family":"Burnett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Student, Orthodontic Graduate Program, The Georgia School of Orthodontics, Atlanta, GA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vaibhav","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Growth and Development, University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, Lincoln, Nebraska."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loiy","family":"Alshami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Student, Orthodontic Graduate Program, The Georgia School of Orthodontics, Atlanta, GA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Student, Orthodontic Graduate Program, The Georgia School of Orthodontics, Atlanta, GA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janakiraman","family":"Nandakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Orthodontic Graduate Program, The Georgia School of Orthodontics, Atlanta, GA, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b01","series-title":"Am J Orthod","first-page":"349","article-title":"Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment-first premolar extraction cases treated by traditional edgewise orthodontics","volume":"80","author":"Little","year":"1981","unstructured":"Little RM,Wallen TR,Riedel RA. Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment-first premolar extraction cases treated by traditional edgewise orthodontics. Am J Orthod. 1981;80(4):349\u2013365."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"253","article-title":"The mandibular central incisor, an extraction option","volume":"111","author":"Klein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Klein DJ. The mandibular central incisor, an extraction option. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;111(3):253\u2013259."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b03","series-title":"Mec\u00e1nica en el tratamiento de ortodoncia y la aparatolog\u00eda, de arco recto","first-page":"35","author":"Bennett","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bennett JC,Mclaughlin RP. Mec\u00e1nica en el tratamiento de ortodoncia y la aparatolog\u00eda, de arco recto. Madrid, Espana: Editorial Mosby\/Doyma libros; 1994:35\u2013238."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b04","series-title":"J Clin Orthod","first-page":"153","article-title":"Single lower incisor extractions","volume":"27","author":"Owen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Owen AH. Single lower incisor extractions. J Clin Orthod. 1993;27(3):153\u2013160."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b05","series-title":"J Orthod","first-page":"185","article-title":"Mandibular incisor extraction: a systematic review of an uncommon extraction choice in orthodontic treatment","volume":"38","author":"Zhylich","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhylich D,Suri S. Mandibular incisor extraction: a systematic review of an uncommon extraction choice in orthodontic treatment. J Orthod. 2011;38(3):185\u2013195."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b06","series-title":"Esthetics and Biomechanics in Orthodontics","author":"Nanda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nanda R. Esthetics and Biomechanics in Orthodontics (2nd ed.) W.B. Saunders; 2015."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b07","author":"American Board of Orthodontics","unstructured":"American Board of Orthodontics. Available at: https:\/\/www.americanboardortho.com. Accessed April 9, 2025."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b08","article-title":"Grading System for Dental Casts and Panoramic Radiographs","author":"The American Board of Orthodontics","unstructured":"The American Board of Orthodontics. Grading System for Dental Casts and Panoramic Radiographs. Available at: https:\/\/www.americanboardortho.com\/media\/1191\/grading-system-casts-radiographs.pdf. Accessed April 9, 2025."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"595","article-title":"Comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes in nonextraction, 2 maxillary premolar extraction, and 4 premolar extraction protocols with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system","volume":"145","author":"Akinci Cansunar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Akinci Cansunar H,Uysal T. Comparison of orthodontic treatment outcomes in nonextraction, 2 maxillary premolar extraction, and 4 premolar extraction protocols with the American Board of Orthodontics objective grading system. 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Stability and relapse of mandibular anterior alignment-first premolar extraction cases treated by traditional edgewise orthodontics. Am J Orthod. 1981;80(4):349\u2013365."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"253","article-title":"The mandibular central incisor, an extraction option","volume":"111","author":"Klein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Klein DJ. The mandibular central incisor, an extraction option. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1997;111(3):253\u2013259."},{"key":"i1945-7103-95-4-420-b03","series-title":"Mec\u00e1nica en el tratamiento de ortodoncia y la aparatolog\u00eda, de arco recto","first-page":"35","author":"Bennett","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bennett JC,Mclaughlin RP. Mec\u00e1nica en el tratamiento de ortodoncia y la aparatolog\u00eda, de arco recto. 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