{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T01:55:13Z","timestamp":1790387713727,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n To assess longitudinal changes in the buccolingual inclination of the maxillary and mandibular first molars in untreated male and female subjects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Forty-seven male and 48 female subjects whose longitudinal dental casts were available at ages 6\u201316 years, with normal maxillary and mandibular arch forms were included. The original casts at ages 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, and 16 years were digitized and standardized. Measurements were recorded as the differences in cusp heights in the vertical dimension for the mandibular and maxillary first molars using OrthoInsight software.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n On average, for boys from age 6 to 16 years, both maxillary and mandibular first molars uprighted with age. Maxillary molars uprighted 0.403 mm on the left and 0.418 mm on the right; mandibular molars uprighted 0.441 mm on the left and 0.589 mm on the right. Similarly, for girls from age 6 to 16, both maxillary and mandibular molars uprighted with age. Maxillary molars uprighted 0.67 mm on the left and 0.574 mm on the right; mandibular molars uprighted 0.358 mm on the left and 0.329 mm on the right.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Maxillary molars erupted with buccal crown inclination at age 6 in both boys and girls and uprighted lingually with growth. At age 16, maxillary molars were not completely upright but rather maintained some buccal crown inclination. Mandibular molars erupted with lingual crown inclination at age 6 and uprighted buccally with age. At age 16, mandibular molars were not completely upright but rather maintained some lingual inclination.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/120716-878.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,8]],"date-time":"2017-05-08T13:47:02Z","timestamp":1494251222000},"page":"681-687","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Changes in the buccolingual inclination of first molars with growth in untreated subjects: A longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Bhavendrasinh","family":"Sayania","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Resident, Department of Orthodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehreen","family":"Merchant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Lincroft, N.J."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Josephs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, Sunrise, Fla."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Hsi","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chauncey M. F. Egel Endowed Chair and Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b01","series-title":"A Manual of Dental Prosthetics","author":"Wilson \n GH.","year":"1911","unstructured":"Wilson \n GH. \n \n \n A Manual of Dental Prosthetics. Philadelphia, PA Lea & Febiger;1911."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b02","series-title":"Dent Cosmos","first-page":"1039","article-title":"Applied mechanics to the theory of mandibular movements","volume":"74","author":"Monson \n GS.","year":"1932","unstructured":"Monson \n GS. \n \n \n Applied mechanics to the theory of mandibular movements. Dent Cosmos. 1932;74:1039\u20131053."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b03","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"779","article-title":"Arrangement in the jaws of the roots of the teeth","volume":"67","author":"Dempster \n WT,","year":"1963","unstructured":"Dempster \n WT, \n \n \n Adams \n WJ, \n \n \n Dubbles \n RA. \n \n \n Arrangement in the jaws of the roots of the teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 1963;67:779\u2013797."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b04","series-title":"Functional Occlusion\u2014From TMJ to Smile Design","author":"Dawson, \n PE.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dawson, \n PE. \n \n \n Functional Occlusion\u2014From TMJ to Smile Design. Saint Louis, MO: Elsevier;2007."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"615","article-title":"Transverse molar movements during growth","volume":"124","author":"Marshall \n S,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Marshall \n S, \n \n \n Dawson \n D, \n \n \n Southard \n KA, \n \n \n Lee \n AN, \n \n \n Casco \n JS, \n \n \n Southard \n TE. \n \n \n Transverse molar movements during growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;124:615\u2013624."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"422","article-title":"Influence of vertical growth pattern on faciolingual inclinations and treatment mechanics","volume":"98","author":"Ross \n VA,","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ross \n VA, \n \n \n Isaacson \n RJ, \n \n \n Germane \n N, \n \n \n Rubenstein \n LK. \n \n \n Influence of vertical growth pattern on faciolingual inclinations and treatment mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990;98:422\u2013429."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"316","article-title":"Buccolingual inclinations of posterior teeth in subjects with different facial patterns","volume":"125","author":"Janson \n G,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Janson \n G, \n \n \n Bombonatti \n R, \n \n \n Cruz \n KS, \n \n \n Hassunuma \n CY, \n \n \n Del Santo \n M\n Jr. \n \n \n Buccolingual inclinations of posterior teeth in subjects with different facial patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:316\u2013322."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"589","article-title":"Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs","volume":"114","author":"Casco \n JS,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Casco \n JS, \n \n \n Vaden \n JL, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n et al. \n Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114:589\u2013599."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"On an equilibrium theory of tooth position","volume":"33","author":"Weinstein \n S,","year":"1963","unstructured":"Weinstein \n S, \n \n \n Haack \n DC, \n \n \n Morris \n LY, \n \n \n Snyder \n BB, \n \n \n Attaway \n HE. \n \n \n On an equilibrium theory of tooth position. Angle Orthod. 1963;33:1\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"15","article-title":"The fourth dimension in orthodontics","volume":"24","author":"Brodie \n AG.","year":"1954","unstructured":"Brodie \n AG. \n \n \n The fourth dimension in orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 1954;24:15\u201330."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b11","series-title":"Handbook of Orthodontics","author":"Moyers \n RE.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Moyers \n RE. \n \n \n Handbook of Orthodontics. Chicago, IL; Year Book Publishers;1958."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b12","series-title":"Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion. 7th ed","author":"Okeson \n JP.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Okeson \n JP. \n \n \n Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion. 7th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders;2012."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b13","series-title":"Biomechanics and Esthetic Strategies in Clinical Orthodontics","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nanda \n R. \n \n \n Biomechanics and Esthetic Strategies in Clinical Orthodontics. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders;2005."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b14","series-title":"Andrews J","first-page":"13","article-title":"The six elements of orofacial harmony","volume":"1","author":"Andrews \n LF,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Andrews \n LF, \n \n \n Andrews \n WA. \n \n \n The six elements of orofacial harmony. Andrews J. 2000;1:13\u201322."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b15","series-title":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","author":"McNamara \n JA,","year":"2001","unstructured":"McNamara \n JA, \n \n \n Brudon \n WL, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG. \n \n \n Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Ann Arbor, MI: Needham Press;2001."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b01","series-title":"A Manual of Dental Prosthetics","author":"Wilson \n GH.","year":"1911","unstructured":"Wilson \n GH. \n \n \n A Manual of Dental Prosthetics. Philadelphia, PA Lea & Febiger;1911."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b02","series-title":"Dent Cosmos","first-page":"1039","article-title":"Applied mechanics to the theory of mandibular movements","volume":"74","author":"Monson \n GS.","year":"1932","unstructured":"Monson \n GS. \n \n \n Applied mechanics to the theory of mandibular movements. Dent Cosmos. 1932;74:1039\u20131053."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b03","series-title":"J Am Dent Assoc","first-page":"779","article-title":"Arrangement in the jaws of the roots of the teeth","volume":"67","author":"Dempster \n WT,","year":"1963","unstructured":"Dempster \n WT, \n \n \n Adams \n WJ, \n \n \n Dubbles \n RA. \n \n \n Arrangement in the jaws of the roots of the teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 1963;67:779\u2013797."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b04","series-title":"Functional Occlusion\u2014From TMJ to Smile Design","author":"Dawson, \n PE.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dawson, \n PE. \n \n \n Functional Occlusion\u2014From TMJ to Smile Design. Saint Louis, MO: Elsevier;2007."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b05","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"615","article-title":"Transverse molar movements during growth","volume":"124","author":"Marshall \n S,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Marshall \n S, \n \n \n Dawson \n D, \n \n \n Southard \n KA, \n \n \n Lee \n AN, \n \n \n Casco \n JS, \n \n \n Southard \n TE. \n \n \n Transverse molar movements during growth. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2003;124:615\u2013624."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b06","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"422","article-title":"Influence of vertical growth pattern on faciolingual inclinations and treatment mechanics","volume":"98","author":"Ross \n VA,","year":"1990","unstructured":"Ross \n VA, \n \n \n Isaacson \n RJ, \n \n \n Germane \n N, \n \n \n Rubenstein \n LK. \n \n \n Influence of vertical growth pattern on faciolingual inclinations and treatment mechanics. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1990;98:422\u2013429."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"316","article-title":"Buccolingual inclinations of posterior teeth in subjects with different facial patterns","volume":"125","author":"Janson \n G,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Janson \n G, \n \n \n Bombonatti \n R, \n \n \n Cruz \n KS, \n \n \n Hassunuma \n CY, \n \n \n Del Santo \n M\n Jr. \n \n \n Buccolingual inclinations of posterior teeth in subjects with different facial patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;125:316\u2013322."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"589","article-title":"Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs","volume":"114","author":"Casco \n JS,","year":"1998","unstructured":"Casco \n JS, \n \n \n Vaden \n JL, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG, \n \n et al. \n Objective grading system for dental casts and panoramic radiographs. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1998;114:589\u2013599."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b09","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"1","article-title":"On an equilibrium theory of tooth position","volume":"33","author":"Weinstein \n S,","year":"1963","unstructured":"Weinstein \n S, \n \n \n Haack \n DC, \n \n \n Morris \n LY, \n \n \n Snyder \n BB, \n \n \n Attaway \n HE. \n \n \n On an equilibrium theory of tooth position. Angle Orthod. 1963;33:1\u201326."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b10","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"15","article-title":"The fourth dimension in orthodontics","volume":"24","author":"Brodie \n AG.","year":"1954","unstructured":"Brodie \n AG. \n \n \n The fourth dimension in orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 1954;24:15\u201330."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b11","series-title":"Handbook of Orthodontics","author":"Moyers \n RE.","year":"1958","unstructured":"Moyers \n RE. \n \n \n Handbook of Orthodontics. Chicago, IL; Year Book Publishers;1958."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b12","series-title":"Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion. 7th ed","author":"Okeson \n JP.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Okeson \n JP. \n \n \n Management of Temporomandibular Disorders and Occlusion. 7th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders;2012."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b13","series-title":"Biomechanics and Esthetic Strategies in Clinical Orthodontics","author":"Nanda \n R.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nanda \n R. \n \n \n Biomechanics and Esthetic Strategies in Clinical Orthodontics. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders;2005."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b14","series-title":"Andrews J","first-page":"13","article-title":"The six elements of orofacial harmony","volume":"1","author":"Andrews \n LF,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Andrews \n LF, \n \n \n Andrews \n WA. \n \n \n The six elements of orofacial harmony. Andrews J. 2000;1:13\u201322."},{"key":"i0003-3219-87-5-681-b15","series-title":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","author":"McNamara \n JA,","year":"2001","unstructured":"McNamara \n JA, \n \n \n Brudon \n WL, \n \n \n Kokich \n VG. \n \n \n Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics. Ann Arbor, MI: Needham Press;2001."}],"container-title":["The Angle Orthodontist"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/87\/5\/article-p681.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/angle-orthodontist\/article-pdf\/87\/5\/681\/1389014\/120716-878_1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/87\/5\/article-p681.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/angl\/87\/5\/article-p681.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T15:21:28Z","timestamp":1780068088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/angle-orthodontist.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/angl\/87\/5\/article-p681.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/120716-878.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3219","type":"print"},{"value":"1945-7103","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]}}}