{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:51:41Z","timestamp":1787025101589,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To test the null hypothesis that there were no significant differences for pharyngeal airway volumes between the adolescent patients affected by bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and well-matched controls using cone beam computed tomography.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n The study sample consisted of 16 patients (11 female and 5 male; mean [SD] age 14.1 [2.1] years) affected by BCLP and 16 patients (10 female and 6 male; mean [SD] age 13.4 [2.0] years) as age- and sex-matched control group. Craniofacial measurements and pharyngeal airway dimension, area, and volume measurements of patients in both groups were calculated and statistically examined using Student's\n t<\/jats:italic>\n -test and multiple linear regression analyses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Statistically significant differences were found between the BCLP and control groups for SNB (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05), SN-GoGn (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05), Co-A (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05), PAS (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .01), minAx (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .01), and oropharyngeal airway volume (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05). The most predictive variables for oropharyngeal airway volume were found as PAS (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a .655 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a .000) and minAx (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a .787 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u200a=\u200a .000).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n \n The null hypothesis was rejected. Oropharyngeal (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .05) and total (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n > .05) airway volumes were found to be less in the BCLP group, and thus the treatment choice in these patients should have positive effects on the pharyngeal airway.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2319\/121913-930.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T19:58:53Z","timestamp":1395777533000},"page":"995-1001","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Assessment of pharyngeal airway volume in adolescent patients affected by bilateral cleft lip and palate using cone beam computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.2319","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Mevlut","family":"Celikoglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faruk I.","family":"Ucar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet E.","family":"Sekerci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suleyman K.","family":"Buyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Assistant, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ersoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yildiray","family":"Sisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor and Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1164","reference":[{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"523","article-title":"The distribution of clefts of the primary and secondary palates by sex, type, and location","volume":"69","author":"Shapira\n Y,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shapira\n Y, \n \n Lubit\n E, \n \n Kuftinec\n MM, \n \n Borell\n G. \n \n The distribution of clefts of the primary and secondary palates by sex, type, and location. 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Cleft Palate J. 1976; 13: 238\u2013 252."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b19","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"481","article-title":"Dentofacial relationships in persons with unoperated clefts: comparisons between three cleft types","volume":"87","author":"Bishara\n SE,","year":"1985","unstructured":"Bishara\n SE, \n \n Dearrendondo\n RSM, \n \n Vales\n HP, \n \n Jakobsen\n JR. \n \n Dentofacial relationships in persons with unoperated clefts: comparisons between three cleft types. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1985; 87: 481\u2013 507."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b20","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"111","article-title":"Craniofacial morphology in adult patients with unoperated complete bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"35","author":"da Silva\n OG,","year":"1998","unstructured":"da Silva\n OG, \n \n Lauris\n RDMC, \n \n Capelozza\n L, \n \n Semb\n G. \n \n Craniofacial morphology in adult patients with unoperated complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1998; 35: 111\u2013 119."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b21","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"22","article-title":"A study of facial growth in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate treated by the Oslo CLP Team","volume":"28","author":"Semb\n G.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Semb\n G. \n \n A study of facial growth in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate treated by the Oslo CLP Team. 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Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2004; 41: 424\u2013 438."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b24","series-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res","first-page":"96","article-title":"An analysis of different approaches to the assessment of upper airway morphology: a CBCT study","volume":"13","author":"Lenza\n MG,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lenza\n MG, \n \n Lenza\n MMD, \n \n Dalstra\n M, \n \n Melsen\n B, \n \n Cattaneo\n PM. \n \n An analysis of different approaches to the assessment of upper airway morphology: a CBCT study. 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In press."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b26","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"468","article-title":"Comparison of airway space with conventional lateral headfilms and 3-dimensional reconstruction from cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"135","author":"Aboudara\n C,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Aboudara\n C, \n \n Nielsen\n I, \n \n Huang\n JC, \n \n Maki\n K, \n \n Miller\n AJ, \n \n Hatcher\n D. \n \n Comparison of airway space with conventional lateral headfilms and 3-dimensional reconstruction from cone-beam computed tomography. 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Angle Orthod. 2013 Jul 18."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b30","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"460","article-title":"Orofacial airway dimensions in subjects with Class I malocclusion and different growth patterns","volume":"81","author":"Ucar\n FI,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ucar\n FI, \n \n Uysal\n T. \n \n Orofacial airway dimensions in subjects with Class I malocclusion and different growth patterns. Angle Orthod. 2011; 81: 460\u2013 468."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b31","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"267","article-title":"A comparison study of upper airway among different skeletal craniofacial patterns in nonsnoring Chinese children","volume":"80","author":"Zhong\n Z,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhong\n Z, \n \n Tang\n ZH, \n \n Gao\n XM, \n \n Zeng\n XL. \n \n A comparison study of upper airway among different skeletal craniofacial patterns in nonsnoring Chinese children. Angle Orthod. 2010; 80: 267\u2013 274."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b32","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"985","article-title":"Three-dimensional airway evaluation in 387 subjects from one university orthodontic clinic using cone beam computed tomography","volume":"82","author":"Chiang\n CC,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chiang\n CC, \n \n Jeffres\n MN, \n \n Miller\n A, \n \n Hatcher\n DC. \n \n Three-dimensional airway evaluation in 387 subjects from one university orthodontic clinic using cone beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod. 2012; 82: 985\u2013 992."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b01","series-title":"Angle Orthod","first-page":"523","article-title":"The distribution of clefts of the primary and secondary palates by sex, type, and location","volume":"69","author":"Shapira\n Y,","year":"1999","unstructured":"Shapira\n Y, \n \n Lubit\n E, \n \n Kuftinec\n MM, \n \n Borell\n G. \n \n The distribution of clefts of the primary and secondary palates by sex, type, and location. Angle Orthod. 1999; 69: 523\u2013 528."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b02","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"691","article-title":"Condylar and ramal vertical asymmetry in adolescent patients with cleft lip and palate evaluated with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"144","author":"Celikoglu\n M,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Celikoglu\n M, \n \n Halicioglu\n K, \n \n Buyuk\n SK, \n \n Sekerci\n AE, \n \n Ucar\n FI. \n \n Condylar and ramal vertical asymmetry in adolescent patients with cleft lip and palate evaluated with cone-beam computed tomography. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013; 144: 691\u2013 697."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b03","series-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg","first-page":"392","article-title":"Sleep-related obstructive disordered breathing in cleft palate patients after palatoplasty","volume":"110","author":"Rose\n E,","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rose\n E, \n \n Staats\n R, \n \n Thissen\n U, \n \n Otten\n JE, \n \n Schmelzeisen\n R, \n \n Jonas\n I. \n \n Sleep-related obstructive disordered breathing in cleft palate patients after palatoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002; 110: 392\u2013 396."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b04","series-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg","first-page":"987","article-title":"Effects of cleft lip and palate on the nasal airway in children","volume":"114","author":"Warren\n DW,","year":"1988","unstructured":"Warren\n DW, \n \n Hairfield\n WM, \n \n Dalston\n ET, \n \n Sidman\n JD, \n \n Pillsbury\n HC. \n \n Effects of cleft lip and palate on the nasal airway in children. 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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2002; 122: 189\u2013 194."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b06","series-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","first-page":"1","article-title":"Craniofacial, craniocervical, and pharyngeal morphology in bilateral cleft lip and palate and obstructive sleep apnea patients","volume":"44","author":"Oosterkamp\n BCM,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oosterkamp\n BCM, \n \n Remmelink\n HJ, \n \n Pruim\n GJ, \n \n Hoekema\n A, \n \n Dijkstra\n PU. \n \n Craniofacial, craniocervical, and pharyngeal morphology in bilateral cleft lip and palate and obstructive sleep apnea patients. Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2007; 44: 1\u2013 7."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b07","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"799","article-title":"Pharyngeal airway characterization in adolescents related to facial skeletal pattern: a preliminary study","volume":"143","author":"Claudino\n LV,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Claudino\n LV, \n \n Mattos\n CT, \n \n Ruellas\n ACD, \n \n Sant'Anna\n EF. \n \n Pharyngeal airway characterization in adolescents related to facial skeletal pattern: a preliminary study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2013; 143: 799\u2013 809."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b08","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e511","article-title":"Airway volume for different dentofacial skeletal patterns","volume":"139","author":"El\n H,","year":"2011","unstructured":"El\n H, \n \n Palomo\n JM. \n \n Airway volume for different dentofacial skeletal patterns. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2011; 139: e511\u2013 e521."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b09","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"805","article-title":"Pharyngeal airway volume and shape from cone-beam computed tomography: relationship to facial morphology","volume":"136","author":"Grauer\n D,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grauer\n D, \n \n Cevidanes\n LSH, \n \n Styner\n MA, \n \n Ackerman\n JL, \n \n Proffit\n WR. \n \n Pharyngeal airway volume and shape from cone-beam computed tomography: relationship to facial morphology. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009; 136: 805\u2013 814."},{"key":"angl-86-03-03-b10","series-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Three-dimensional analysis of pharyngeal airway in preadolescent children with different anteroposterior skeletal patterns","volume":"137","author":"Kim\n YJ,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim\n YJ, \n \n Hong\n JS, \n \n Hwang\n YI, \n \n Park\n YH. \n \n Three-dimensional analysis of pharyngeal airway in preadolescent children with different anteroposterior skeletal patterns. 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